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<p><b>Introduction 1</b></p> <p>About This Book 1</p> <p>Foolish Assumptions 2</p> <p>Icons Used in This Book 3</p> <p>Beyond the Book 4</p> <p>Where to Go from Here 4</p> <p><b>Book 1: Getting Started with Linux 5</b></p> <p><b>Chapter 1: Introducing Linux 7</b></p> <p>What Is Linux? 7</p> <p>The Linux kernel 8</p> <p>GNU utilities 11</p> <p>Linux user interfaces 12</p> <p>Linux Distributions: Why So Many? 16</p> <p>Core Linux distributions 17</p> <p>Specialized Linux distributions 18</p> <p><b>Chapter 2: Installing Linux 21</b></p> <p>Dual-Booting with Linux and Microsoft Windows 23</p> <p>Installing a second hard drive 24</p> <p>Partitioning an existing drive 24</p> <p>Partitioning using Windows tools 25</p> <p>Partitioning using Linux tools 26</p> <p>Finally, Finally, Before You Get Started 27</p> <p>Disabling the secure boot feature 27</p> <p>Creating a boot disk 28</p> <p>Installing Ubuntu 30</p> <p>Your First Ubuntu Boot 36</p> <p><b>Chapter 3: Living in a Virtual World 39</b></p> <p>What Are Virtual Servers? 39</p> <p>Installing VirtualBox 40</p> <p>Creating a Linux Virtual Machine 42</p> <p>Installing Linux on a Virtual Machine 45</p> <p>Changing settings 45</p> <p>Loading the operating system 47</p> <p>Working with the sandbox 50</p> <p><b>Chapter 4: Trying Out Linux 53</b></p> <p>Starting Linux 53</p> <p>Playing with the Shell 56</p> <p>Starting the bash shell 56</p> <p>Understanding shell commands 58</p> <p>Trying a few Linux commands 58</p> <p>Shutting Down 60</p> <p><b>Chapter 5: Troubleshooting and Customizing Linux 63</b></p> <p>Using Text Mode Installation 64</p> <p>Lookin’ for Trouble 64</p> <p>Using the kernel ring buffer 65</p> <p>Using log files 66</p> <p>Using the journal 67</p> <p>Resolving Other Installation Problems 68</p> <p>Using KNOPPIX boot commands 68</p> <p>Handling the fatal signal 11 error 71</p> <p>Getting around the PC reboot problem 71</p> <p>Using Linux kernel boot options 71</p> <p>Setting Up Printers 74</p> <p>Managing DVDs, CD-ROMs, and Flash Drives 76</p> <p>Updating the Operating System 77</p> <p>Updating Ubuntu 77</p> <p>Updating openSUSE 78</p> <p>Installing New Software 79</p> <p>Adding applications 80</p> <p>Adding packages 81</p> <p><b>Book 2: Linux Desktops 85</b></p> <p><b>Chapter 1: The GNOME Desktop 87</b></p> <p>Looking at the History of GNOME 87</p> <p>Breaking Down the GNOME Desktop 88</p> <p>Menu, please! 88</p> <p>The desktop 90</p> <p>Exploring the Activities Overview 91</p> <p>Customizing Your Ride 92</p> <p><b>Chapter 2: The KDE Plasma Desktop 93</b></p> <p>The KDE Plasma Desktop 93</p> <p>The Application launcher 95</p> <p>The panel 96</p> <p>The desktop 96</p> <p>Using Widgets 98</p> <p>Adding widgets 98</p> <p>Getting more widgets 99</p> <p>Plasma System Settings 99</p> <p>Desktop Settings 100</p> <p><b>Chapter 3: Other Popular Desktops 103</b></p> <p>Spicing Things Up with Cinnamon 103</p> <p>Reviewing the history of Cinnamon 104</p> <p>Looking at the menu 105</p> <p>Changing settings 105</p> <p>Adding more spice 106</p> <p>Working with MATE 107</p> <p>The history of MATE 107</p> <p>Looking at the menu 109</p> <p>Changing desktop settings 109</p> <p>Applets 110</p> <p>The Xfce Desktop Interface 111</p> <p>The history of Xfce 111</p> <p>The Whisker menu 112</p> <p>Changing Xfce settings 113</p> <p>Applets 113</p> <p><b>Chapter 4: Linux Desktop Applications 115</b></p> <p>The LibreOffice Suite 115</p> <p>Browsing the Web with Firefox 117</p> <p>Configuring Firefox 117</p> <p>Communicating with Email 119</p> <p>Evolving into email 120</p> <p>Working with KMail 121</p> <p>The amazing Thunderbird 123</p> <p>Listening to Audio 124</p> <p>Listening to downloaded music 127</p> <p>Viewing Movie Files 129</p> <p>Creating and Modifying Graphics 130</p> <p><b>Chapter 5: The Linux File System 133</b></p> <p>Pieces of the Puzzle 133</p> <p>Touring the Linux File System 134</p> <p>The root of the tree 134</p> <p>Where removable media lives 136</p> <p>Managing Your File System without a Net (or Mouse) 136</p> <p>Viewing information about files on the command line 136</p> <p>Understanding file listing information 137</p> <p>Comprehending file types 139</p> <p>Navigating the file system in Linux 140</p> <p>A Permissions Primer 141</p> <p>Checking out the triplets 141</p> <p>Beware of owners 143</p> <p>Hanging out in groups 143</p> <p>Clicking Your Way through the File System 144</p> <p>Using files 145</p> <p>Swimming with Dolphin 149</p> <p>Don’t forget Xfce! 151</p> <p>Finding Things 152</p> <p><b>Chapter 6: Text Editors 155</b></p> <p>Viewing the Contents of a Text File 155</p> <p>Editing Text Files with nano 156</p> <p>Going with gedit 157</p> <p>Editing Text in the KDE Plasma Desktop 158</p> <p>Writing with KWrite 159</p> <p>Meet Kate 160</p> <p>Text Editing with ed and vi 161</p> <p>Using ed 162</p> <p>Using vi 165</p> <p><b>Book 3: Networking 171</b></p> <p><b>Chapter 1: Connecting to the Internet 173</b></p> <p>Understanding the Internet 174</p> <p>Deciding How to Connect to the Internet 175</p> <p>Connecting with DSL 176</p> <p>How DSL works 176</p> <p>DSL alphabet soup: ADSL, IDSL, SDSL 177</p> <p>Typical DSL setup 179</p> <p>Connecting with a Cable Modem 180</p> <p>How a cable modem works 181</p> <p>Typical cable modem setup 182</p> <p><b>Chapter 2: Setting Up a Local Area Network 185</b></p> <p>Understanding TCP/IP 185</p> <p>IP addresses 187</p> <p>Internet services and port numbers 189</p> <p>Setting Up an Ethernet LAN 190</p> <p>How Ethernet works 191</p> <p>Ethernet cables 192</p> <p>Configuring TCP/IP Networking 195</p> <p>Connecting Your LAN to the Internet 196</p> <p><b>Chapter 3: Going Wireless 199</b></p> <p>Understanding Wireless Ethernet Networks 199</p> <p>Understanding infrastructure and ad hoc modes 201</p> <p>Understanding wireless security 201</p> <p>Setting Up Wireless Hardware 203</p> <p>Configuring the Wireless Access Point 204</p> <p>Configuring Wireless Networks 205</p> <p><b>Chapter 4: Managing the Network 207</b></p> <p>Configuring Network Features 207</p> <p>Manually editing network configuration files 208</p> <p>Using a graphical tool 210</p> <p>Using a command-line tool 212</p> <p>Basic Network Troubleshooting 216</p> <p>Advanced Network Troubleshooting 218</p> <p><b>Book 4: Administration 223</b></p> <p><b>Chapter 1: Working with the Shell 225</b></p> <p>Opening Terminal Windows and Virtual Consoles 225</p> <p>Using the Bash Shell 228</p> <p>Understanding the syntax of shell commands 228</p> <p>Working with files 230</p> <p>Combining shell commands 231</p> <p>Controlling command input and output 231</p> <p>Going wild with asterisks and question marks 233</p> <p>Discovering and Using Linux Commands 235</p> <p>Becoming root (superuser) 240</p> <p>Managing processes 241</p> <p>Working with date and time 242</p> <p>Processing files 243</p> <p>Writing Shell Scripts 246</p> <p><b>Chapter 2: Introducing Basic System Administration 249</b></p> <p>Taking Stock of System Administration Tasks 250</p> <p>Becoming root 251</p> <p>Using the su - command 251</p> <p>Using the sudo command 252</p> <p>Understanding How Linux Boots 252</p> <p>Understanding the SysVinit method 253</p> <p>Understanding the Systemd method 259</p> <p>Monitoring System Performance 264</p> <p>Using the top utility 264</p> <p>Using the uptime command 266</p> <p>Using the vmstat utility 267</p> <p>Checking disk performance and disk usage 267</p> <p>Viewing System Information with the /proc File System 270</p> <p>Understanding Linux Devices 273</p> <p>Device files 274</p> <p>Persistent device naming with udev 275</p> <p>Managing Loadable Driver Modules 276</p> <p>Loading and unloading modules 276</p> <p>Understanding the /etc/modprobe.d files 277</p> <p>Scheduling Jobs in Linux 278</p> <p>Scheduling one-time jobs 278</p> <p>Scheduling recurring jobs 281</p> <p>Introducing Some GUI System Administration Tools 284</p> <p><b>Chapter 3: Managing Users and Groups 287</b></p> <p>Adding User Accounts 288</p> <p>Managing user accounts by using a GUI user manager 288</p> <p>Managing user accounts by using commands 290</p> <p>Managing Groups 291</p> <p>Exploring the User Environment 292</p> <p>Changing User and Group Ownership of Files 295</p> <p><b>Chapter 4: Managing File Systems 297</b></p> <p>Exploring the Linux File System 297</p> <p>Understanding the file-system hierarchy 298</p> <p>Mounting a device on the file system 299</p> <p>Examining the /etc/fstab file 303</p> <p>Sharing Files with NFS 304</p> <p>Installing NFS 305</p> <p>Exporting a file system with NFS 306</p> <p>Mounting an NFS file system 307</p> <p>Accessing a DOS or Windows File System 308</p> <p>Mounting a DOS or Windows disk partition 308</p> <p>Mounting an NTFS partition 309</p> <p><b>Book 5: Managing Linux Servers 311</b></p> <p><b>Chapter 1: Hosting Internet Services 313</b></p> <p>What Is a Linux Server? 313</p> <p>Launching services 314</p> <p>Listening for clients 316</p> <p>Serving the Basics 318</p> <p>Web services 319</p> <p>Database services 320</p> <p>Mail services 322</p> <p>Serving Local Networks 324</p> <p>File servers 325</p> <p>Print servers 326</p> <p>Network resource servers 326</p> <p><b>Chapter 2: Managing a Web Server 331</b></p> <p>Linux Web Servers 331</p> <p>Apache 331</p> <p>NGINX 333</p> <p>The Apache Web Server 333</p> <p>Installing an Apache server 333</p> <p>Configuring an Apache server 336</p> <p>The NGINX Server 344</p> <p>Installing NGINX 344</p> <p>Configuring NGINX 346</p> <p><b>Chapter 3: Managing a Database Server 349</b></p> <p>Using the MySQL/MariaDB Database 349</p> <p>Installing MariaDB 350</p> <p>Looking at the MariaDB command prompt 353</p> <p>Using the mysql commands 356</p> <p>Creating database objects 360</p> <p>Using the PostgreSQL Database 363</p> <p>Installing PostgreSQL 364</p> <p>Looking at the PostgreSQL command interface 366</p> <p>Creating PostgreSQL database objects 370</p> <p><b>Chapter 4: Working with Samba and NFS 373</b></p> <p>Sharing Files with NFS 373</p> <p>Installing NFS 374</p> <p>Exporting a file system with NFS 375</p> <p>Mounting an NFS file system 378</p> <p>Setting Up a Windows Server Using Samba 378</p> <p>Installing Samba 380</p> <p>Configuring Samba 382</p> <p>Trying out Samba 383</p> <p><b>Chapter 5: Managing Mail Servers 385</b></p> <p>Working with sendmail 385</p> <p>The sendmail configuration file 386</p> <p>Syntax of the sendmail.cf file 391</p> <p>Other sendmail files 393</p> <p>The forward file 395</p> <p>The sendmail alias file 395</p> <p>Working with Postfix 396</p> <p>A Mail-Delivery Test 398</p> <p>Using the mail command 399</p> <p>The mail-delivery mechanism 400</p> <p><b>Book 6: Security 401</b></p> <p><b>Chapter 1: Introducing Linux Security</b> 403</p> <p>Why Worry about Security? 404</p> <p>Establishing a Security Framework 404</p> <p>Determining business requirements for security 406</p> <p>Performing risk analysis 406</p> <p>Establishing a security policy 408</p> <p>Implementing security solutions (mitigation) 409</p> <p>Managing security 410</p> <p>Securing Linux 410</p> <p>Understanding the host-security issues 411</p> <p>Understanding network-security issues 412</p> <p>Delving Into Computer Security Terminology and Tools 413</p> <p>Keeping Up with Security News and Updates 418</p> <p><b>Chapter 2: Securing Linux 419</b></p> <p>Securing Passwords 420</p> <p>Shadow passwords 420</p> <p>Pluggable authentication modules (PAMs) 421</p> <p>Protecting Files and Directories 422</p> <p>Viewing ownerships and permissions 423</p> <p>Changing file ownerships 423</p> <p>Changing file permissions 423</p> <p>Setting default permission 424</p> <p>Checking for set user ID permission 426</p> <p>Encrypting and Signing Files with GnuPG 427</p> <p>Understanding public key encryption 427</p> <p>Understanding digital signatures 428</p> <p>Using GPG 429</p> <p>Monitoring System Security 433</p> <p>Securing Internet Services 434</p> <p>Turning off stand-alone services 434</p> <p>Configuring the Internet super server 435</p> <p>Configuring TCP wrapper security 436</p> <p>Using Secure Shell for Remote Logins 437</p> <p>Setting Up Simple Firewalls 439</p> <p>Using NAT 442</p> <p>Enabling packet filtering on your Linux system 443</p> <p>Security Files to Be Aware Of 447</p> <p><b>Chapter 3: Vulnerability Testing and Computer Security Audits 449</b></p> <p>Understanding Security Audits 450</p> <p>Nontechnical aspects of security audits 450</p> <p>Technical aspects of security audits 451</p> <p>Implementing a Security Test Methodology 452</p> <p>Some common computer vulnerabilities 453</p> <p>Host-security review 454</p> <p>Network-security review 458</p> <p>Vulnerability Testing Types 460</p> <p>Exploring Security Testing Tools 461</p> <p><b>Book 7: Scripting 465</b></p> <p><b>Chapter 1: Introductory Shell Scripting 467</b></p> <p>Trying Out Simple Shell Scripts 468</p> <p>Exploring the Basics of Shell Scripting 469</p> <p>Storing stuff 470</p> <p>Calling shell functions 471</p> <p>Controlling the flow 471</p> <p>Exploring bash’s built-in commands 475</p> <p><b>Chapter 2: Advanced Shell Scripting 479</b></p> <p>Trying Out sed 479</p> <p>Working with awk and sed 482</p> <p>Step 1: Pull out the ISBN 483</p> <p>Step 2: Calculate the 13th digit 484</p> <p>Step 3: Add the 13th digit to the other 12 485</p> <p>Step 4: Finish the process 485</p> <p>Final Notes on Shell Scripting 486</p> <p><b>Chapter 3: Programming in Linux 487</b></p> <p>An Overview of Programming 488</p> <p>Exploring the Software-Development Tools in Linux 489</p> <p>GNU C and C++ compilers 490</p> <p>The GNU make utility 493</p> <p>The GNU debugger 502</p> <p>Understanding the Implications of GNU Licenses 509</p> <p>The GNU General Public License 510</p> <p>The GNU Library General Public License 511</p> <p><b>Book 8: Linux Certification 513</b></p> <p><b>Chapter 1: Studying for the Linux Professional Institute Exams 515</b></p> <p>Overview of LPI Certification Exams 515</p> <p>Overview of the Linux Essentials Exam 516</p> <p>Getting involved in the Linux community and finding a career in open source 517</p> <p>Finding your way on a Linux system 518</p> <p>The power of the command line 520</p> <p>The Linux operating system 521</p> <p>Security and file permissions 522</p> <p>Overview of the Linux Professionals Exams 524</p> <p>The LPIC-1 exams 524</p> <p>The LPIC-2 exams 527</p> <p>The LPIC-3 exams 528</p> <p><b>Chapter 2: Studying for the CompTIA Linux+ Exam 529</b></p> <p>Overview of the CompTIA Linux+ Exam 530</p> <p>System Management 531</p> <p>Security 532</p> <p>Scripting, Containers, and Automation 533</p> <p>Troubleshooting 533</p> <p><b>Chapter 3: Other Linux Certifications 535</b></p> <p>Vendor-Neutral Certifications 535</p> <p>The Linux Foundation 535</p> <p>The GIAC Certifications 536</p> <p>Vendor-Specific Certifications 537</p> <p>Index 539</p>

<p><b>Richard Blum </b>has more than 30 years’ experience in the IT industry working as a systems and network administrator. He is an online instructor for Linux and programming courses and is the author of <i>Linux Command Line and Shell Scripting Bible, Linux Essentials,</i> and <i>Linux For Dummies.</i>

<p><b>Get a running start with Linux^®!</b> <p>Getting started with Linux is fun, rewarding, and challenging. And if you’re looking for a comprehensive resource covering everything you need to know to get a handle on using this powerful operating system, look no further. You’ll discover easy-to-follow guidance on getting online, networking, security, and more, all in the celebrated Linux OS! <p><b>8 Books Inside…</b> <ul><li>Getting Started with Linux</li> <li>Linux Desktops</li> <li>Networking</li> <li>Administration</li> <li>Managing Linux Servers</li> <li>Security</li> <li>Scripting</li> <li>Linux Certification</li></ul>

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