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Science and Technology of Separation Membranes

1. Aufl.

von: Tadashi Uragami
267,99 €
Verlag:	Wiley
Format:	EPUB
Veröffentl.:	14.03.2017
ISBN/EAN:	9781118932568
Sprache:	englisch
Anzahl Seiten:	848

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Beschreibungen

Titelbeschreibung

Offers a comprehensive overview of membrane science and technology from a single source <ul> <li>Written by a renowned author with more than 40 years’ experience in membrane science and technology, and polymer science</li> <li>Covers all major current applications of membrane technology in two definitive volumes</li> <li>Includes academic analyses, applications and practical problems for each existing membrane technology</li> <li>Includes novel applications such as membrane reactors, hybrid systems and optical resolution as well as membrane fuel cells</li> </ul>

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Preface xix Acknowledgements xxiii Volume I 1 Introduction to Membrane Science and Technology 1 1.1 History of Membrane Science and Technology 1 1.2 Membrane Module 6 1.3 Necessity of Membrane Science and Technology 7 References 8 2 Membrane Structure 13 2.1 Structural Design of Membranes 13 2.2 Symmetric Non-porous and Porous Membranes 14 2.3 Asymmetric and Composite Membranes 15 2.4 Relation between Structure and Preparation Condition of Membrane 16 2.5 Structure of Liquid Membranes 50 2.6 Structure of Inorganic Membranes 53 References 53 3 Preparation Methods of Membranes 59 3.1 Polymer Membranes 59 3.2 Inorganic Membranes 74 3.3 Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Membranes 75 3.4 Liquid Membranes 76 References 80 4 Membrane Shapes and Modules 87 4.1 Membrane Shapes 87 4.2 Membrane Module 94 References 102 5 Characterization of Membrane 105 5.1 Methods and Subjects of Evaluation 105 References 142 6 Fundamentals of Membrane Transport Phenomena 147 6.1 Thermodynamical Fundamentals for Membrane Transport 147 6.2 Solution-Diffusion Model 166 6.3 Pore Flow 171 References 177 7 Phenomena during Membrane Permeation and Separation 181 7.1 Concentration Polarization 181 7.2 Membrane Fouling 197 References 199 8 Dialysis 205 8.1 Diffusion Dialysis 205 8.2 Donnan Dialysis 224 8.3 Neutralization Dialysis 226 8.4 Piezodialysis 228 8.5 Electrodialysis 233 8.6 Technologies of Electrodialysis 237 8.7 Electrodialysis with Bipolar Membranes 244 References 251 9 Reverse Osmosis 259 9.1 Principle of Reverse Osmosis 259 9.2 Fundamental Analysis of Reverse Osmosis 259 9.3 Materials and Structures of Reverse Osmosis Membranes 266 9.4 Concentration Polarization and Fouling 270 9.5 Technologies and Applications of Reverse Osmosis 274 9.6 Membrane Module of Reverse Osmosis 289 9.7 Membrane Cleaning 291 References 292 10 Nanofiltration 297 10.1 Principle of Nanofiltration 297 10.2 Fundamental Analysis of Nanofiltration 297 10.3 Membranes and Modules for Nanofiltration 300 10.4 Concentration Polarization and Membrane Fouling in Nanofiltration 308 10.5 Technology 311 References 318 11 Ultrafiltration 325 11.1 Principle of Ultrafiltration 325 11.2 Fundamental Analysis of Ultrafiltration 325 11.3 Membranes for Ultrafiltration 333 11.4 Ultrafiltration Modes 333 11.5 Concentration Polarization and Fouling in Ultrafiltration 335 11.6 Ultrafiltration Technology 342 11.7 Ultrafiltration Applications 343 References 355 12 Microfiltration 359 12.1 Principle of Microfiltration 359 12.2 Fundamental Analysis of Microfiltration 360 12.3 Membranes for Microfiltration 363 12.4 Fouling in Microfiltration 365 12.5 Module of Microfiltration 368 12.6 Microfiltration Technology 368 References 375 13 Comparison of Pressure-Driven Membrane Separation Processes 379 13.1 Pressure-Driven Membrane Separation Technologies 379 13.2 Problems of Reverse Osmosis and Nanofiltration 382 References 383 Volume II 14 Forward Osmosis 385 14.1 Principle of Forward Osmosis 385 14.2 Advantages and Problems of Forward Osmosis 385 14.3 Fundamental Analysis of Forward Osmosis 387 14.4 Membranes and Modules for Forward Osmosis 387 14.5 Technology 391 14.6 Application Area of Forward Osmosis Process 391 14.7 Improvement of Forward Osmosis Membrane Performance 401 14.8 Fouling in Forward Osmosis 406 References 408 15 Pervaporation 413 15.1 Principle of Pervaporation 413 15.2 Fundamental Analysis of Pervaporation 414 15.3 Membranes for Pervaporation 417 15.4 Technologies 428 References 461 16 Evapomeation 471 16.1 Principle of Evapomeation 471 16.2 Membranes of Evapomeation 472 16.3 Technology of Evapomeation 475 References 502 17 Temperature-Difference Controlled Evapomeation 509 17.1 Principle of Temperature-Difference Controlled Evapomeation 509 17.2 Membranes of Temperature-Difference Controlled Evapomeation 509 17.3 Technology of Temperature-Difference Controlled Evapomeation 510 References 533 18 Membrane Distillation 535 18.1 Principle of Membrane Distillation 535 18.2 Fundamental Analysis of Membrane Distillation 537 18.3 Membranes of Membrane Distillation 541 18.4 Technologies of Membrane Distillation 546 References 553 19 Gas Permeation 559 19.1 Beginning of Gas Permeation 559 19.2 Fundamentals of Gas Permeation 560 19.3 Membranes for Gas Permeation 567 19.4 Membranes from Inorganic Materials 575 19.5 Modules of Gas Separation Membrane 577 19.6 Technology of Gas Permeation Membrane 577 References 583 20 Carrier Transport 587 20.1 Fundamental Principle of Carrier Transport through Artificial Membranes 587 20.2 Carriers in Membrane Transport 591 20.3 Technology of Carrier Transport Membranes 596 References 629 21 Membrane Reactor 635 21.1 Concept of Membrane Reactors 635 21.2 Membranes for Membrane Reactors 635 21.3 Technology of Membrane Reactors 640 References 661 22 Membrane Contactors 667 22.1 Principle and Fundamentals of Membrane Contactors 667 22.2 Membranes for Membrane Contactors 669 22.3 Technology of Membrane Contactors 672 References 676 23 Fuel Cell Membranes 679 23.1 Principles of the Fuel Cell 679 23.2 Good Points of Fuel Cells 680 23.3 Membranes for Fuel Cells 681 23.4 Technology of Fuel Cells 682 References 691 24 Hybrid Systems of the Membrane Separation Process 695 24.1 Hybrid Systems of Membrane Technology and Reactive Production Step, Other Separation Technology 695 24.2 Hybrid Systems with Plural Membrane Technology 705 References 713 25 Optical Resolution by Membranes 717 25.1 Present Conditions and Problem of Optical Resolution with Membranes 717 25.2 Membranes for Optical Resolution 718 25.3 Technology of Optical Resolution Membranes 721 References 730 26 Material Separations by Other Membrane Processes 735 26.1 Carbon Nanotube Membranes 735 26.2 Graphene Membranes 736 26.3 Technologies of Carbon Nanotube and Graphene Membranes 738 References 760 27 Conclusions and Prospects for the Future 769 Reference 771 Index 773

Autorenportrait

Tadashi Uragami, Functional Separation Membrane Research Center, Japan

Back cover copy

This two volume set covers all major current applications of membrane technology and includes academic analyses, applications, and practical problems for each existing membrane technology. It provides a detailed reference for researchers and advanced students in membrane technology within chemical engineering, process engineering, and materials science. It is also suitable for industry professionals and researchers working in separations technology applications, e.g. wastewater/water treatment, desalination, food and beverage industry, medical and pharmaceutical, fuel cells, biofuels. Chapters include: <ul> <li>Preparation methods</li> <li>Membrane structure</li> <li>Membrane Transport Phenomena</li> <li>Dialysis</li> <li>Nano, Ultra and Microfiltration</li> <li>Reverse Osmosis</li> <li>Membrane Distillation</li> <li>Pervaporation</li> <li>Evapomeation</li> <li>Temperature-Difference Controlled Evapomeation</li> <li>Gas Permeation</li> <li>Carrier Transport</li> <li>Fuel Cell Membranes</li> <li>Hybrid Membrane Separation Process Systems</li> </ul> Beginning with an introduction to the history of the field, it covers the properties, structure, characterization, and preparation of membranes, as well as describing traditional and novel applications. Written by a renowned author in the field of membrane science and technology, this comprehensive book provides a detailed and valuable overview of membrane science. The illustration on this book cover shows an imagination of ethanol-permselectivity in evapomeation (Chapter 16) and temperature-difference controlled evapomeation (Chapter 17) developed newly for the concentration of organic solvents from aqueous dilute organic solvents through polymer membranes.