Details

Water and Sanitation-Related Diseases and the Environment

Challenges, Interventions, and Preventive Measures
1. Aufl.

von: Janine M. H. Selendy
147,99 €
Verlag:	Wiley-Blackwell
Format:	EPUB
Veröffentl.:	07.10.2011
ISBN/EAN:	9781118148600
Sprache:	englisch
Anzahl Seiten:	528

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Beschreibungen

Titelbeschreibung

Written by authorities from various related specialties, this book presents the most complete treatment possible of the conditions responsible for water- and sanitation-related diseases, the pathogens and their biology, morbidity and mortality resulting from lack of safe water and sanitation, distribution of these diseases, and the conditions that must be met to reduce or eradicate them. Preventive measures and solutions are presented throughout. This book is an essential resource for all graduate students, postdoctoral scholars, and professionals in infectious disease, public health and medicine, chemical and environmental engineering, and international affairs. Key features: <ul> <li>Provides a comprehensive understanding of the interconnection among many factors related to water-related diseases, sanitation and hygiene</li> <li>Brings together experts from various specialties to address each area covered and to assist in bringing about the understanding of those interconnections</li> <li>Provides examples of successful interventions with knowledge about how they were brought about so that information can be use to replicate the initiative in full or in part</li> <li>Provides an appreciation of the concerns and solutions addressed from an international perspective with high and low technological solutions</li> <li>Provides insight into the international dimension of these concerns and how they can be best addressed</li> </ul>

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Preface ix Contributors xi Introduction xv Janine M. H. Selendy and Jens Aargaard-Hansen Section I Defining The Problem 1 1 Tackling the Water Crisis: A Continuing Need to Address Spatial and Social Equity 3 Jay Graham 2 Sanitation and Hygiene: Taking Stock After Three Decades 17 Jay Graham 3 Water and Health: The Demographic Background 29 Robert Wyman 4 Water and War: Averting Armed Conflict and Protecting Human Rights 41 Barry S. Levy and Victor W. Sidel Section II Water And Sanitation-Related Diseases 45 5 Infectious Diarrhea 47 Sean Fitzwater, Aruna Chandran, Margaret Kosek, and Mathuram Santosham 6 Malnutrition and Undernutrition 71 Jeffrey K. Griffiths 7 Soil-Transmitted Helminths: Ascaris, Trichuris, and Hookworm Infections 81 Brian G. Blackburn and Michele Barry 8 Toxic Cyanobacteria 95 Ian Stewart, Wayne W. Carmichael, and Lorraine C. Backer 9 Dengue: A Water-Borne Disease 111 Scott B. Halstead 10 Dracunculiasis (Guinea Worm Disease): Case Study of the Effort to Eradicate Guinea Worm 125 Donald R. Hopkins and Ernesto Ruiz-Tiben 11 Onchocerciasis 133 Adrian Hopkins and Boakye A. Boatin 12 Reassessing Multiple-Intervention Malaria Control Programs of the Past: Lessons for the Design of Contemporary Interventions 151 Burton H. Singer and Marcia C. Castro 13 Schistosomiasis 167 Pascal Magnussen, Birgitte Jyding Vennervald, and Jens Aagaard-Hansen 14 Trachoma 175 Joseph A. Cook and Silvio P. Mariotti 15 Shigellosis 187 Michael L. Bennish and M. John Albert 16 The Zimbabwe Cholera Epidemic of 2008–2009 205 Edward Dodge 17 Infectious Disease Control in Ghana: Government’s Interventions and Challenges to Malaria Eradication 211 Julius N. Fobil, Juergen May, and Alexander Kraemer Section III Water Resources 217 18 Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage in Low-Income Countries 219 Thomas F. Clasen 19 Informal Small-Scale Water Services in Developing Countries: The Business of Water for Those without Formal Municipal Connections 231 Laura Sima and Menachem Elimelech Section IV Sanitation and Hygiene 241 20 The Sanitation Challenge in India 243 Bindeshwar Pathak 21 Successful Sanitation Projects in Thailand, Malaysia, and Singapore 251 Jay P. Graham 22 Household-Centered Environmental Sanitation Systems 257 Bindeshwar Pathak Section V Environmental Factors of Water Pollution 269 23 Naturally Occurring Water Pollutants 271 Lorraine C. Backer, Jonathan K. Kish, Helena M. Solo-Gabriele, and Lora E. Fleming 24 Anthropogenic Sources of Water Pollution: Parts 1 and 2 289 Kerry L. Shannon, Robert S. Lawrence, and M. Danielle McDonald 25 The Hudson River: A Case Study of PCB Contamination 303 David O. Carpenter and Gretchen Welfinger-Smith 26 Other Water Pollutants: Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria 329 Amy R. Sapkota Section VI Current and Future Trends in Preventing Water Pollution 337 27 Controlling Water Pollutants 339 Jeffery A. Foran 28 Global Substitution of Mercury-Based Medical Devices in the Health Sector 351 Joshua Karliner and Peter Orris 29 Addressing Sources of PCBs and Other Chemical Pollutants in Water 359 Gretchen Welfinger-Smith and David O. Carpenter 30 Additional Measures to Prevent, Ameliorate, and Reduce Water Pollution and Related Water Diseases: Global Water Governance 385 Nikhil Chandavarkar Section VII Emerging Issues in Ecology, Environment, and Disease 389 31 Changing Geographic Distribution of Disease Vectors 391 Mary E. Wilson 32 Malaria in the Brazilian Amazon 401 Marcia C. Castro and Burton H. Singer 33 Ecosystem Services, Water Resource Development, and Human Infectious Disease 421 Uriel N. Safriel 34 Ocean Pollution: Health and Environmental Impacts of Brominated Flame Retardants 439 Susan D. Shaw and Kurunthachalam Kannan Section VIII Conclusion 461 35 Assessment of Progress in Meeting the UN Millennium Development Goals 463 Gretchen Loeffler Peltier, Unni Krishnan Karunakara, and Anson Elisabeth Wright 36 Extending the Right to Health Care and Improving Child Survival in Mexico 475 Julio Frenk and Octavio Go´mez-Dantes 37 Using Kinship Structures in Health Programming—An Example of Preventive Measures and Successful Interventions 481 Moses N. Katabarwa Index 485

Rezension

“All of them, in particular those who were used to externalize health effects from their approaches, will significantly benefit from this well documented book, that provides the reader an information-rich and structured view on the water-environmental health nexus.” (International Journal of Environment and pollution, 1 November 2012) “This comprehensive book advises treatment of conditions responsible for water and sanitation-related diseases . . . Few books could claim a title as broad and embracing as this one. It posits a way forward for the cornerstone for global development. It is a primer for organizations as diverse as the World Bank, the United Nations, and the U.S. Agency for International Development. However sobering, it is worth any concerned person's time.” (Doody’s, 16 November 2012) “…it is wonderful how much you have included and how valuable this should be to people working in so many disciplines. And I loved your DVDs---great stories and well produced. Most of all, I think people all over the world will be able to relate to them.” David Ellis, Ph.D., President Emeritus, Museum of Science, Boston “This is a truly interdisciplinary book and reflects really well the need to work across scientific boundaries, and I think shows what can be achieved through collaboration.” (Society for General Microbiology, 15 May 2012) "This book will promote integrated studies/research on water, sanitation-related diseases and the environment and will contribute to theoretical and practical respects of interventions and preventive measures, and therefore lead to a better life quality - for millions." (Yaqian Zhao, 2011 Centre for Water Resources Research, University College Dublin , 1 December 2011) "Written by experts from the fields of public health, medicine, epidemiology, environmental health, climate change, environmental engineering, and population research, this authoritative volume provides a thorough understanding of the interconnection among many factors linked to water related diseases, sanitation, and hygiene." (Miss Eco Glam, 1 October 2011) "In 2010, the United Nations recognised the human right to water and sanitation. Janine Selendy has produced a critical tool to help us take the next step forward in understanding the nature and causes of water and sanitation related diseases and in finding real solutions. The human right to water and sanitation is only as good as its implementation. This book leads the way." (Maude Barlow, Senior advisor on water to the 63rd president of the United Nations general assembly 2008-09, January 2012)

Autorenportrait

Janine Selendy is Founder, Chairman and President of HORIZON International, a non-profit organization based at Yale University, which addresses health, anvironment and disease issues worldwide. She also serves as principal editor and publisher of Horizon's web-based Solutions Site. She is executive producer of more than 20 television documentaries, many of which have won awards and have been broadcast in many countries. She is also a Research Affiliate in the Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University. Her background in medical, scientific, environmental and other areas provides her with an appreciation of the interconnectedness of many subjects.

Back cover copy

The single authoritative resource on the causes of and successful interventions for water and sanitation-related diseases This book presents the most complete treatment possible of the conditions responsible for water and sanitation-related diseases, the pathogens involved and their biology, the morbidity and mortality resulting from lack of safe water and sanitation, the distribution of these diseases, and the conditions that must be met to reduce or eradicate them. Written by experts from the fields of public health, medicine, epidemiology, environmental health, climate change, environmental engineering, and population research, this authoritative volume provides a thorough understanding of the interconnection among many factors linked to water-related diseases, sanitation, and hygiene. Divided into eight comprehensive sections that address the concerns from an international perspective, this volume covers: <ul> <li> The significance of the close relationships between water access and quality, lack of adequate sanitation and hygiene, and the relationship of human activity to the diseases </li> <li> Means of accessing clean water and preventing contamination of water </li> <li> The range of sanitation and hygiene measures available to reduce disease </li> <li> The broad extent, variety, and ramifications of environmental factors </li> <li> Ameliorating conditions and preventive measures to reduce pollutants found in ground and surface waters </li> <li> The adverse health impacts of water pollution, dam construction, irrigation development, and flood control </li> </ul> Preventive measures and innovative, successful solutions are presented throughout, as well as featured in more detail in a special section at the end of the book. This section highlights examples from a diversity of locations in both developed and developing countries, focusing on what has been achieved in the control of water-related diseases—and what can be accomplished if the multi-factorial approach in this book is followed. The accompanying companion website includes this vital information in the form of case studies and articles, providing guidance for possible action on local and national as well as international levels. This timely text is an essential resource for all graduate students and postdoctoral scholars as well as for professionals in infectious diseases, public health and medicine, chemical and environmental engineering, international affairs, disease prevention, and public policy.