Details

Risk-Reduction Methods for Occupational Safety and Health


Risk-Reduction Methods for Occupational Safety and Health


2. Aufl.

von: Roger C. Jensen

84,99 €

Verlag: Wiley
Format: EPUB
Veröffentl.: 01.10.2019
ISBN/EAN: 9781119493976
Sprache: englisch
Anzahl Seiten: 496

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Beschreibungen

<p><b>Provides a thorough overview of systematic methods for reducing risks encountered in diverse work places</b></p> <p>Filled with more theory, numerous case examples, and references to new material than the original text, this latest edition of a highly acclaimed book on occupational safety and health includes substantial updates and expanded material on management systems, risk assessment methods, and OSH-relevant concepts, principles, and models.</p> <p><i>Risk-Reduction Methods for Occupational Safety and Health </i>is organized into five parts: background; analysis methods; programmatic methods for managing risk; risk reduction for energy sources; and risk reduction for other than energy sources. It comprehensively covers both system safety methods and OSH management methods applicable to occupational health and safety. Suitable for worldwide applications, the author’s approach avoids reliance on the thousands of rules, codes, and standards by focusing on understanding hazards and reducing risks using strategies and tactics.</p> <ul> <li>Includes more content on methods for reducing risks, citations of recent research, and deeper coverage of OSH-relevant concepts, theories, and models</li> <li>Merges methods and principles traditionally associated with occupational hygiene, ergonomics, and safety</li> <li>Provides substantial updates on management systems and theories of occupational incidents, and includes new case studies in many chapters to help demonstrate the "real world" need for identifying and implementing risk-reduction strategies</li> <li>Addresses occupational risks that go beyond current regulations and standards, taking an international approach by stressing risk-reduction strategies</li> <li>Supports adoption of the book for university courses by providing chapter-specific learning exercises and support materials for professors</li> </ul> <p><i>Risk-Reduction Methods for Occupational Safety and Health</i> is ideal for safety professionals, system safety engineers, safety engineers, industrial hygienists, ergonomists, and anyone with OSH responsibilities. It is also an excellent resource for students preparing for a career in OSH.</p>
<p>Preface xii</p> <p>Acknowledgments xiv</p> <p>About the Companion Website xv</p> <p><b>Part I: Background 1</b></p> <p><b>1. Contributions to Occupational Safety and Health 3</b></p> <p>1.1 Contributions by Law Makers 3</p> <p>1.2 Contributions by System Safety Specialists 6</p> <p>1.3 Contributions by the Public Health Community 9</p> <p>1.4 Contributions of Governmental and Private Organizations 12</p> <p>1.5 Contributions from the Sciences and Engineering 15</p> <p>Learning Exercises 15</p> <p>Technical Terms 16</p> <p>References 16</p> <p><b>2. Key Terms and Concepts 19</b></p> <p>2.1 Hazard 19</p> <p>2.2 Risk 24</p> <p>2.3 Risk Reduction 26</p> <p>2.4 Concepts of Causation 27</p> <p>Learning Exercises 32</p> <p>Technical Terms 33</p> <p>References 34</p> <p><b>3. Mental Skills for OSH Professionals 35</b></p> <p>3.1 Types of Cognitive Skills 35</p> <p>3.2 Using Models for Safety Analyses 38</p> <p>3.3 Using Charts and Diagrams 42</p> <p>3.4 Summary of Part I 47</p> <p>Learning Exercises 48</p> <p>Technical Terms 49</p> <p>References 50</p> <p><b>Part II: Analysis Methods 51</b></p> <p><b>4. Analyzing Jobs and Tasks 53</b></p> <p>4.1 Basics of Job Hazard Analysis 53</p> <p>4.2 Implementing JHAs into the Work 57</p> <p>4.3 Example JHA 58</p> <p>4.4 Hazard Analyses Similar to JHAs 60</p> <p>Learning Exercises 61</p> <p>Technical Terms 62</p> <p>References 63</p> <p><b>5. Using Risk‐Assessment Methods 65</b></p> <p>5.1 Risk‐Assessment Processes – The Future of OSH 65</p> <p>5.2 An Eight‐Step Process 66</p> <p>5.3 Example Risk Assessment 74</p> <p>Learning Exercises 79</p> <p>Technical Terms 80</p> <p>References 80</p> <p><b>6. Constructing Fault Trees 83</b></p> <p>6.1 Common Symbols and Arrangements 83</p> <p>6.2 Example Fault Trees 86</p> <p>6.3 Example Success Tree 90</p> <p>6.4 Common Mistakes 91</p> <p>6.5 Additional Fault Tree Tools 92</p> <p>Learning Exercises 94</p> <p>Technical Terms 96</p> <p>References 97</p> <p><b>7. Analyzing Fault Trees 99</b></p> <p>7.1 Analyzing Fault Trees Quantitatively 99</p> <p>7.2 Identifying Cut Sets 105</p> <p>7.3 Finding Common‐Cause Failures 109</p> <p>Learning Exercises 112</p> <p>Technical Terms 113</p> <p>References 114</p> <p><b>8. Other Useful Analysis Methods 115</b></p> <p>8.1 FMEA Reveals Potential Equipment Problems 115</p> <p>8.2 HAZOP Leads to Safety Through Design 119</p> <p>8.3 Bow‐Tie Diagrams Support Communication 120</p> <p>8.4 Layers of Protection Analysis Examines Multiple Barriers 123</p> <p>8.5 Summary of Part II 123</p> <p>Learning Exercises 125</p> <p>Technical Terms 126</p> <p>References 127</p> <p><b>Part III: Programmatic Methods for Managing Risk 129</b></p> <p><b>9. Managing OSH Programs 131</b></p> <p>9.1 Clarifying OSH Program Aspirations 131</p> <p>9.2 Influencing Safety Culture 132</p> <p>9.3 Using a Management Systems Approach 136</p> <p>9.4 Having an Ethical Policy for OSH 141</p> <p>Learning Exercises 144</p> <p>Technical Terms 144</p> <p>Appendix: Example Code of Professional Conduct 145</p> <p>References 146</p> <p><b>10. Broadly Applicable Programs and Practices 147</b></p> <p>10.1 Programs and Practices to Help People Perform Safely 147</p> <p>10.2 Sanitation and Housekeeping Practices 158</p> <p>10.3 Use of Safety Devices 159</p> <p>10.4 Hazard‐Specific Programs 162</p> <p>10.5 Financial Aspects of OSH Programs 162</p> <p>Learning Exercises 166</p> <p>Technical Terms 169</p> <p>References 170</p> <p><b>11. Incident Investigation Programs 173</b></p> <p>11.1 Closed‐Loop Process 174</p> <p>11.2 Policy Considerations 175</p> <p>11.3 Investigative Processes 178</p> <p>11.4 Events and Causal Factors Chart 181</p> <p>11.5 Practical Analysis Tools for Incident Investigators 187</p> <p>11.6 Learn from Prior Incident Investigations 192</p> <p>11.7 Method for Modeling Harmful Occupational Incidents 193</p> <p>Learning Exercises 195</p> <p>Technical Terms 196</p> <p>References 198</p> <p><b>12. Human Error Reduction 199</b></p> <p>12.1 Concepts of Errors 199</p> <p>12.2 Comprehensive Classification System 203</p> <p>12.3 Methods for Finding Feasible Countermeasures 205</p> <p>Learning Exercises 206</p> <p>Technical Terms 208</p> <p>References 208</p> <p><b>13. Risk‐Reduction Strategies 211</b></p> <p>13.1 Strategies, Tactics, and Applications 211</p> <p>13.2 The Nine Strategies 215</p> <p>13.3 Priority for Applying Strategies 219</p> <p>13.4 Summary of Part III 221</p> <p>Learning Exercises 222</p> <p>Technical Terms 227</p> <p>References 228</p> <p><b>Part IV: Risk Reduction for Energy Sources 229</b></p> <p><b>14. Kinetic Energy Hazards 231</b></p> <p>14.1 Fundamentals of Energy and Mechanics 231</p> <p>14.2 Mechanisms of Harming 236</p> <p>14.3 Gravitational Energy Hazards: People and Objects Falling 238</p> <p>14.4 Transportation Hazards: Travelers and Roadway Work Zones 245</p> <p>14.5 Mechanical Hazards: People Interfacing with Machines and Equipment 253</p> <p>Learning Exercises 258</p> <p>Technical Terms 259</p> <p>References 259</p> <p><b>15. Electrical Energy Hazards 261</b></p> <p>15.1 Electrical Energy as a Source of Hazard 261</p> <p>15.2 Mechanisms of Harming 265</p> <p>15.3 Strategies and Tactics for Electrical Energy 274</p> <p>Learning Exercises 277</p> <p>Technical Terms 278</p> <p>References 279</p> <p><b>16. Acoustic Energy and Vibration Hazards 281</b></p> <p>16.1 Background on Noise and Vibration 281</p> <p>16.2 Mechanisms of Harming 284</p> <p>16.3 Strategies and Tactics for Noise Exposure 288</p> <p>16.4 Strategies and Tactics for Vibration Exposure 292</p> <p>Learning Exercises 295</p> <p>Technical Terms 295</p> <p>References 297</p> <p><b>17. Thermal Hazards: Heat and Cold 299</b></p> <p>17.1 Background on Thermal Hazards 299</p> <p>17.2 Mechanisms of Harming 306</p> <p>17.3 Strategies and Tactics for Thermal Hazards 310</p> <p>Learning Exercises 315</p> <p>Technical Terms 316</p> <p>References 317</p> <p><b>18. Fire Hazards 319</b></p> <p>18.1 Fundamentals of Fire 319</p> <p>18.2 Mechanisms of Harming 326</p> <p>18.3 Strategies and Tactics for Fires 329</p> <p>Learning Exercises 334</p> <p>Technical Terms 335</p> <p>References 336</p> <p><b>19. Explosion Hazards 337</b></p> <p>19.1 Background on Explosions 337</p> <p>19.2 Mechanisms of Harming 338</p> <p>19.3 Strategies and Tactics for Explosions 339</p> <p>Learning Exercises 344</p> <p>Technical Terms 345</p> <p>References 345</p> <p><b>20. Pressure Hazards 347</b></p> <p>20.1 Overview of Pressure Hazards 347</p> <p>20.2 Mechanisms of Harming 349</p> <p>20.3 Strategies and Tactics for Pressure‐Related Hazards 353</p> <p>Learning Exercises 360</p> <p>Technical Terms 361</p> <p>References 362</p> <p><b>21. Hazards of Electromagnetic Energies 363</b></p> <p>21.1 Fundamentals of Electromagnetic Energy 363</p> <p>21.2 Mechanisms of Harming 366</p> <p>21.3 Strategies and Tactics for Electromagnetic Hazards 371</p> <p>Learning Exercises 376</p> <p>Technical Terms 376</p> <p>References 377</p> <p><b>22. Hazards of Severe Weather and Geologic Events 379</b></p> <p>22.1 Background 379</p> <p>22.2 Mechanisms of Harming 381</p> <p>22.3 Strategies and Tactics for Weather and Geologic Events 386</p> <p>22.4 Summary of Part IV 389</p> <p>Learning Exercises 390</p> <p>Technical Terms 390</p> <p>References 391</p> <p><b>Part V: Risk Reduction for Other Than Energy Sources 393</b></p> <p><b>23. Workplace Conditions 395</b></p> <p>23.1 Background 395</p> <p>23.2 Walking Surfaces 396</p> <p>23.3 Stairways and Steps 403</p> <p>23.4 Ramps 407</p> <p>23.5 Confined Spaces 408</p> <p>23.6 Areas with Dusty Air 410</p> <p>23.7 Areas with Mold 411</p> <p>Learning Exercises 412</p> <p>Technical Terms 413</p> <p>References 414</p> <p><b>24. Chemical Substances 415</b></p> <p>24.1 Major Categories of Chemicals Encountered at Work 415</p> <p>24.2 Mechanisms of Harming 417</p> <p>24.3 Strategies and Tactics for Workplace Chemicals 421</p> <p>Learning Exercises 424</p> <p>Technical Terms 424</p> <p>Appendix: Personal Protective Equipment for Chemicals 425</p> <p>References 429</p> <p><b>25. Biological Sources 431</b></p> <p>25.1 Worker–Pathogen Exposures 431</p> <p>25.2 Workers–Animal Encounters 436</p> <p>25.3 Worker–Plant Exposures 441</p> <p>Learning Exercises 442</p> <p>Technical Terms 442</p> <p>References 442</p> <p><b>26. Musculoskeletal Stressors 445</b></p> <p>26.1 Background on Musculoskeletal Stressors 445</p> <p>26.2 Means by Which Musculoskeletal Stressors Can Harm 447</p> <p>26.3 Useful Employee Surveys 452</p> <p>26.4 Strategies and Tactics for Musculoskeletal Stressors 454</p> <p>Learning Exercises 458</p> <p>Technical Terms 458</p> <p>References 459</p> <p><b>27. Violent Actions of People 461</b></p> <p>27.1 Workplace Violence 462</p> <p>27.2 Terrorist Attacks 465</p> <p>27.3 Summary of Part V 466</p> <p>Learning Exercises 468</p> <p>Technical Terms 468</p> <p>References 468</p> <p>Index 469</p>
<p><b>ROGER C. JENSEN, PhD,</b> is a Professor in the Safety, Health, and Industrial Hygiene Department, Montana Technological University. He teaches courses titled Ergonomics, Safety Laboratory, Law & Ethics for OSH, Fire Protection, Risk Reduction Methods, and System Safety and PSM. Prior to his academic position, he had 30 years of experience in occupational safety and health.
<p><b>Provides a thorough overview of systematic methods for reducing risks encountered in diverse work places</b> <p>Filled with more theory, numerous case examples, and references to new material than the original text, this latest edition of a highly acclaimed book on occupational safety and health includes substantial updates and expanded material on management systems, risk assessment methods, and OSH-relevant concepts, principles, and models. <p><i>Risk-Reduction Methods for Occupational Safety and Health</i> is organized into five parts: background; analysis methods; programmatic methods for managing risk; risk reduction for energy sources; and risk reduction for other than energy sources. It comprehensively covers both system safety methods and OSH management methods applicable to occupational health and safety. Suitable for worldwide applications, the author???s approach avoids reliance on the thousands of rules, codes, and standards by focusing on understanding hazards and reducing risks using strategies and tactics. <ul> <li>Includes more content on methods for reducing risks, citations of recent research, and deeper coverage of OSH-relevant concepts, theories, and models</li> <li> Merges methods and principles traditionally associated with occupational hygiene, ergonomics, and safety</li> <li> Provides substantial updates on management systems and theories of occupational incidents, and includes new case studies in many chapters to help demonstrate the "real world" need for identifying and implementing risk-reduction strategies</li> <li> Addresses occupational risks that go beyond current regulations and standards, taking an international approach by stressing risk-reduction strategies </li> <li> Supports adoption of the book for university courses by providing chapter-specific learning exercises and support materials for professors</li> </ul> <p>Risk-Reduction Methods for Occupational Safety and Health is ideal for safety professionals, system safety engineers, safety engineers, industrial hygienists, ergonomists, and anyone with OSH responsibilities. It is also an excellent resource for students preparing for a career in OSH.

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