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Reformation Thought

An Introduction
5. Aufl.

von: Alister E. McGrath
38,99 €
Verlag:	Wiley-Blackwell
Format:	PDF
Veröffentl.:	29.04.2021
ISBN/EAN:	9781119756590
Sprache:	englisch
Anzahl Seiten:	352

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Reformation Thought Praise for previous editions:“Theologically informed, lucid, supremely accessible: no wonder McGrath’s introduction to the Reformation has staying power!”—Denis R. Janz, Loyola University“Vigorous, brisk, and highly stimulating. The reader will be thoroughly engaged from the outset, and considerably enlightened at the end.”—Dr. John Platt, Oxford University“[McGrath] is one of the best scholars and teachers of the Reformation... Teachers will rejoice in this wonderfully useful book.”—Teaching HistoryReformation Thought: An Introduction is a clear, engaging, and accessible introduction to the European Reformation of the sixteenth century. Written for readers with little to no knowledge of Christian theology or history, this indispensable guide surveys the ideas of the prominent thought leaders of the period, as well as its many movements, including Lutheranism, Calvinism, Anabaptism, and the Catholic and English Reformations. The text offers readers a framework to interpret the events of the Reformation in full view of the intellectual landscape and socio-political issues that fueled its development.Based on Alister McGrath’s acclaimed lecture course at Oxford University, the fully updated fifth edition incorporates the latest academic research in historical theology. Revised and expanded chapters describe the cultural backdrop of the Reformation, discuss the Reformation’s background in late Renaissance humanism and medieval scholasticism, and distill the findings of recent scholarship, including work on the history of the Christian doctrine of justification. A wealth of pedagogical features—including illustrations, updated bibliographies, a glossary, a chronology of political and historical ideas, and several appendices—supplement McGrath’s clear explanations.Written by a world-renowned theologian, Reformation Thought: An Introduction, Fifth Edition upholds its reputation as the ideal resource for university and seminary courses on Reformation thought and the widespread change it inspired in Christian belief and practice.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Preface to the Fifth Edition x How to Use This Book xiii 1 Introducing the Age of Reformation 1 The Concept of “Reformation” 2 The Lutheran Reformation 4 The Reformed Church 5 The Radical Reformation (Anabaptism) 7 The Catholic Reformation 9 The English Reformation 10 The Call for Reform 12 The Growth of Anti-Clericalism 12 The Need for Doctrinal Reform 14 A Failed Attempt to Reform: Conciliarism 16 The Growth of Regional and National Power 16 The Religious Agendas of the Reformers 17 For Further Reading 19 Part One: The Context of the Thought of the Reformation 21 2 A Changing World: The Cultural Backdrop to the Reformation 23 The Rise of the Individual: The Demand for Personal Relevance 24 Alternative Theologies: Folk Religion and Magic 26 Religious Democratization: The Use of the Vernacular 28 The Importance of Printing 30 The Urban Context of the Reformation 32 Sacralizing the Secular: Christianity as a World-Engaging Faith 36 Doctrinal Confusion: A Crisis of Authority Within the Church 38 Receptivity Toward the Reformation: The Case of Lollardy 40 For Further Reading 41 3 Renaissance Humanism and the Reformation 43 The Concept of “Renaissance” 44 The Concept of “Humanism” 45 Classical Scholarship and Philology 46 The New Philosophy of the Renaissance? 47 Paul Oskar Kristeller’s View of Humanism 49 Ad fontes: Returning to the Fountainhead 50 Northern European Humanism 52 The Northern European Reception of the Italian Renaissance 52 The Ideals of Northern European Humanism 53 Eastern Swiss Humanism 54 French Legal Humanism 55 Erasmus of Rotterdam 56 Erasmus’ Critique of the Vulgate Text of the New Testament 59 Erasmus’ Editions of Patristic Texts 61 Networks of Influence: Erasmus’ Circle 62 Humanism and the Reformation: An Evaluation 63 Humanism and the Hebrew Bible 64 Humanism and the Swiss Reformation 65 Humanism and the Wittenberg Reformation 67 Tensions Between Reformation and Humanism 68 For Further Reading 71 4 Scholasticism and the Reformation 74 The Characteristics of Scholasticism 75 Scholasticism and the Universities 78 Types of Scholasticism 79 Realism Versus Nominalism 80 Intellectualism Versus Voluntarism 81 Pelagianism Versus Augustinianism 82 The Via Moderna 84 The Schola Augustiniana Moderna 86 The Impact of Medieval Scholasticism upon the Reformation 88 Luther’s Relation to Late Medieval Scholasticism 88 Calvin’s Relation to Late Medieval Scholasticism 89 Protestant Scholasticism: Paradox or Inevitability? 91 For Further Reading 92 5 The Reformers: Seven Biographical Sketches 94 Martin Luther (1483–1546) 95 Huldrych Zwingli (1484–1531) 100 William Tyndale (c.1494–1536) 102 Philip Melanchthon (1497–1560) 103 Martin Bucer (1491–1551) 104 Katharina Schütz Zell (c.1497–1562) 106 John Calvin (1509–64) 107 For Further Reading 110 Part Two: The Core Themes of Reformation Thought 113 6 The Return to the Bible 115 Scripture in the Middle Ages 116 Medieval Hermeneutics: The Four Senses of Scripture 118 The Vulgate Translation of the Bible 119 Medieval Vernacular Versions of Scripture 120 The Humanists and the Bible 121 The Bible and the Protestant Reformation 123 The Canon of Scripture 124 The Authority of Scripture 126 The Role of Tradition 128 Methods of Interpreting Scripture 131 The Right to Interpret Scripture 134 The Translation of Scripture 139 Encouraging Engagement with the Bible 141 The Catholic Response: Trent on Scripture 142 For Further Reading 143 7 The Doctrine of Justification by Faith 147 A Foundational Theme: Redemption Through Christ 147 Justification and Martin Luther’s Theological Breakthrough 150 Luther’s Early Views on Justification 151 The Nature of Justifying Faith 153 Justification and the Indulgence Controversy (1517) 155 The Concept of “Forensic Justification” 158 Justification and the Early Swiss Reformation 161 The Reformed Approach: Bucer and Calvin on Justification 164 Justification in the English Reformation 166 The Colloquy of Regensburg (1541): “Double Justification” 168 The Catholic Response: Trent on Justification 170 The Nature of Justification 171 The Nature of Justifying Righteousness 172 The Nature of Justifying Faith 173 The Assurance of Salvation 173 For Further Reading 175 8 The Doctrine of the Church 177 The Background to the Reformation Debates: The Donatist Controversy 180 The Context of the Reformation Views on the Church 182 Luther on the Nature of the Church 183 The Radical View of the Church 185 Tensions Within Luther’s Doctrine of the Church 187 Calvin on the Nature of the Church 188 The Two Marks of the Church 189 The Structures of the Church 190 Calvin on the Church and the Consistory 191 Calvin on the Role of the Church 193 The Debate over the Catholicity of the Church 194 The Council of Trent on the Church 197 For Further Reading 198 9 The Doctrine of the Sacraments 199 The Background to the Reformation Debates about the Sacraments 200 A Shared Emphasis: The Sacraments and the Promises of Grace 202 Luther on the Sacraments 204 Luther’s Views on the Real Presence 208 Luther on Infant Baptism 210 Zwingli on the Sacraments 212 Zwingli on the Real Presence 214 Zwingli on Infant Baptism 216 Luther versus Zwingli: A Summary and Evaluation 218 Anabaptist Views on the Sacraments 220 Calvin on the Sacraments 222 Thomas Cranmer: The Real Presence in the English Reformation 225 The Catholic Response: Trent on the Sacraments 227 For Further Reading 229 10 The Doctrine of Predestination 231 The Background to the Reformation Debates over Predestination 232 Zwingli on the Divine Sovereignty 234 Melanchthon’s Changing Views on Predestination 236 Calvin on Predestination 237 Predestination in Later Reformed Theology 242 The Weber Thesis: Predestinarian Anxiety and the Origins of Capitalism 243 For Further Reading 245 11 The Political Thought of the Reformation 247 The Radical Reformation and Secular Authority 248 Luther’s Doctrine of the Two Kingdoms 250 Zwingli on the State and Magistrate 256 Bucer and Calvin on Magistrate and Ministry 258 The “Godly Prince” and the English Reformation 261 For Further Reading 264 12 Reformation Thought: Its Diffusion and Impact 266 Agencies of Diffusion 266 Books: The Transgression of International Boundaries 267 Refugees and the Movement of People 267 The Vernacular 269 Consolidating the Ideas of the Reformation: Some Key Texts 270 Catechisms 270 Confessions of Faith 272 Calvin’s Institutes of the Christian Religion 274 The Impact of Reformation Thought 277 The Protestant Work Ethic 277 The Reformation and Political Change 279 The Reformation and the Emergence of the Natural Sciences 281 Protestantism and the Rise of Modern Atheism 283 Reformation Ecclesiologies and the Modern Church 285 Conclusion 287 For Further Reading 288 Appendix 1 A Glossary of Theological and Historical Terms 290 Appendix 2 English Translations of Major Primary Sources 296 Appendix 3 Standard Abbreviations of Major Journals and Sources 299 Appendix 4 How to Refer to Major Primary Sources 302 Appendix 5 Referring to the Psalms in the Sixteenth Century 306 Appendix 6 Updating Reformation Bibliographies 308 Appendix 7 Chronology of Political and Intellectual History 310 Notes 315 Index 319

Autorenportrait

Alister E. McGrath is Andreas Idreos Professor of Science and Religion, Faculty of Theology and Religion, University of Oxford, UK. He is an acclaimed scholar, theologian, intellectual historian, lecturer, and author. He has written several bestselling books, and a number of popular textbooks on theology, including The Intellectual Origins of the European Reformation and Luther’s Theology of the Cross.