Critical Introductions to Geography is a series of textbooks for undergraduate courses covering the key geographical sub disciplines and providing broad and introductory treatment with a critical edge. They are designed for the North American and international market and take a lively and engaging approach with a distinct geographical voice that distinguishes them from more traditional and out‐dated texts.
Prospective authors interested in the series should contact the series editor:
John Paul Jones III
School of Geography and Development
University of Arizona
jpjones@email.arizona.edu
Published
Cultural Geography
Don Mitchell
Geographies of Globalization
Andrew Herod
Geographies of Media and Communication
Paul C. Adams
Social Geography
Vincent J. Del Casino Jr
Mapping
Jeremy W. Crampton
Research Methods in Geography
Basil Gomez and John Paul Jones III
Political Ecology, Second Edition
Paul Robbins
Geographic Thought
Tim Cresswell
Environment and Society, Second Edition
Paul Robbins, Sarah Moore and John Hintz
Urban Geography
Andrew E.G. Jonas, Eugene McCann, and Mary Thomas
Health Geographies: A Critical Introduction
By The right of Tim Brown, Gavin J. Andrews, Steven Cummins, Beth Greenhough, Daniel Lewis, and Andrew Power
This edition first published 2018
© 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by law. Advice on how to obtain permission to reuse material from this title is available at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions.
The right of Tim Brown, Gavin J. Andrews, Steven Cummins, Beth Greenhough, Daniel Lewis, and Andrew Power to be identified as the authors of this work has been asserted in accordance with law.
Registered Offices
John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK
Editorial Office
9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK
For details of our global editorial offices, customer services, and more information about Wiley products visit us at www.wiley.com.
Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats and by print‐on‐demand. Some content that appears in standard print versions of this book may not be available in other formats.
Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty
While the publisher and authors have used their best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. It is sold on the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services and neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for damages arising herefrom. If professional advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should be sought.
Library of Congress Cataloging‐in‐Publication Data
Names: Brown, Tim, 1968– author. | Andrews, Gavin J., 1970– author. | Cummins, Steven, (Geographer), author. | Greenhough, Beth, author. | Lewis, Daniel (Geographer), author. | Power, Andrew, 1979– author.
Title: Health geographies : a critical introduction / Tim Brown, Gavin J. Andrews, Steven Cummins, Beth Greenhough, Daniel Lewis, Andrew Power.
Description: Chichester, UK ; Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley & Sons, 2018. | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2016057491 (print) | LCCN 2017009192 (ebook) | ISBN 9781118739037 (cloth) | ISBN 9781118739020 (pbk.) | ISBN 9781118738993 (Adobe PDF) | ISBN 9781118739013 (ePub)Subjects: LCSH: Medical geography.
Classification: LCC RA792 .A53 2017 (print) | LCC RA792 (ebook) | DDC 614.4/2–dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016057491
Cover Image: © JOEL SAGET/Gettyimages
Cover Design: Wiley
1.1 | Male life expectancy on the Jubilee Line, London. |
2.1 | ‘A hard job,’ the front cover from the San Francisco Illustrated Wasp published in August, 1878. |
6.1 | The ‘left behind’ generation from global care chains, as evidenced in Albania. |
6.2 | ‘Supportive currents’ within US cities. |
6.3 | A disappearing landscape of day care? |
6.4 | Time to CARE from a rooftop in Detroit, MI. |
7.1 | St. Loman’s Hospital (formerly Mullingar District Lunatic Asylum), Mullingar, Ireland (built 1847). |
7.2 | Kalamazoo Psychiatric Hospital, Michigan. |
7.3 | Apartments at Knowle former asylum. |
7.4 | Tokani derelict asylum, New Zealand. |
8.1 | Conceptual model of the possible neighbourhood pathways for cardiovascular disease risk. |
9.1 | Extract of Foresight Obesity System Map. |
9.2 | Simple, complicated and complex systems models illustrated. |
11.1 | Catch it, Bin it, Kill it – respiratory and hand hygiene campaign in the United Kingdom (2008–2009). |
12.1 | Top 10 biotech and pharmaceutical companies worldwide 2013, based on market value. |
13.1 | Exhibit from “Mapping the market for medical travel”. |
8.1 | The analysis grid for environments leading to obesity (ANGELO) framework. |
10.1 | Standardised mortality rates for men aged 15–64. |
11.1 | Comparison of history’s worst epidemics by number of deaths. |
11.2 | Several recent diseases mapped against Fraser’s four key criteria for a major epidemic outbreak. |
11.3 | Average life expectancy by social status and UK district according to Chadwick’s 1842 report. |
12.1 | Key phases of the drug development process. |
13.1 | A typology of medical tourists. |
13.2 | Costs (US$) of a series of medical procedures in the United States, Germany and India in 2012. |
14.1 | Status of the WHO malaria eradication programme, September 1968. |
2.1 | Key Concepts: Disembodied Geographies |
2.2 | Key Thinkers: Sander Gilman |
2.3 | Key Themes: Embodiment and Disability Geographies |
3.1 | Key Concepts: Understandings and Attributes of Place |
3.2 | Key Thinkers: Robin Kearns |
4.1 | Key Themes: Types of Wellbeing |
5.1 | Key Themes: Health Care Restructuring |
6.1 | Key Concepts: Shadow State |
6.2 | Key Thinkers: Julia Twigg |
6.3 | Key Themes: The ‘Big Society’ in the United Kingdom |
7.1 | Key Thinkers: Chris Philo |
7.2 | Key Concepts: Total Institution |
8.1 | Key Concepts: Contextual Explanations for Health Inequalities |
8.2 | Key Themes: Place Effects on Health |
9.1 | Key Themes: The ‘Glasgow Effect’ |
9.2 | Key Thinkers: Nancy Krieger |
10.1 | Key Concepts: Area‐based Interventions |
10.2 | Key Themes: The Pennsylvania Fresh Food Financing Initiative |
11.1 | Key Concepts: Miasma and Germ Theories |
11.2 | Key Thinkers: Michel Foucault and Biopower |
12.1 | Key Themes: The Drug Development Process |
12.2 | Key Themes: Creating a Pharmaceutical Market |
12.3 | Key Themes: India’s Clinical Trial and Patent Regulations |
13.1 | Key Themes: Indian Hill Stations |
13.2 | Key Themes: Organ Trafficking and the Positive Side of the Organ Trade? |
14.1 | Key Themes: Tropical Medicine |
14.2 | Key Concepts: Structural Adjustment Programmes and Global Health |
Tim Brown is Senior Lecturer in Human Geography at Queen Mary University of London. His research explores the critical geographies of public health and more recently global health. He is widely published in these areas in leading geographical and interdisciplinary health journals and is the author/editor of several books, including A Companion to Health and Medical Geography (Wiley‐Blackwell 2010) and Bodies Across Borders (Ashgate 2015).
Gavin J. Andrews is a full Professor and a health geographer based at McMaster University in Canada. His wide‐ranging empirical interests include ageing, holistic medicine, health care work, sports and fitness cultures, health histories of places and popular music. Much of his work is positional and considers the development, state‐of‐the‐art and future of health geography. In terms of theoretical approaches, in recent years he has developed an interest in non‐representational theory and its potential to animate the energies and movements in the ‘taking place’ of health and health care.
Steven Cummins is Professor of Population Health and Director of the Healthy Environments Research Programme at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, UK. He is a geographer with training in epidemiology and public health and earned his PhD from the MRC Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow. He has published extensively on how the urban environment affects health in a range of disciplines including geography, epidemiology, urban studies and health policy.
Beth Greenhough is Associate Professor of Human Geography and Fellow of Keble College, University of Oxford. Her research explores the social and cultural dimensions of health and biomedical research, and has been funded by the AHRC, ESRC, Brocher Foundation and the Wellcome Trust. She has published widely in leading geography and interdisciplinary journals and is co‐editor of Bodies Across Borders (Ashgate 2015).
Daniel Lewis is a Research Fellow at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, UK. He has a BA in Geography from LSE, and an MSc in Geographic Information Science and PhD in Geography from UCL. Daniel is a health geographer who is interested in deepening our understanding of the social and spatial determinants of health and health inequalities, and the complex relationships linking individuals and their environments.
Andrew Power is Associate Professor in Geography at University of Southampton. His research examines issues relating to disability, welfare, care and community voluntarism, and has been funded by the AHRC, ESRC and British Society of Gerontology. He has published extensively in leading geographical and disability studies’ journals and is the author/contributor of several books, including Landscapes of Care (Ashgate 2010) and Active Citizenship and Disability (Cambridge University Press 2013).
New texts in any area sometimes struggle. We might expect this to be the case in health geography which is well served by two introductory texts and a comprehensive edited handbook summarising recent research. A unique selling point is necessary. It is gratifying therefore to welcome and endorse the publication of Health Geographies: A Critical Introduction. It is an important and necessary addition to the literature that takes us to the current frontiers of inquiry in health geography, engaging the reader with the social, the cultural, the political and the epidemiological, and doing so in a way that highlights the importance of geography. The text offers a critical perspective and brings us a health geography that is mature, confident and theorised, able to build on secure foundations and move forward. Interdisciplinary in reach but firmly anchored in geography, the authors have drawn deeply on their research and teaching expertise to assemble a systematic overview of the topics that have emerged at the cutting edge of the health geography in the past few years. Ideas about place, wellbeing, care, identity, relationality, complexity, biopolitics and global health are now increasingly commonplace in health geography but, to date, we have lacked a critical assessment. In addressing this need, the authors have ably navigated the challenges of summarising complex ideas, working with theory, and setting out a critically‐engaged analysis. The results of their labours should provide undergraduates and commencing graduate students with the necessary background to understand and contribute to the further development of a critical health geography.
This book project was first initiated in 2009, and Tim would like to thank Susan Craddock for allowing him to take their original proposal forward. As with any such project, the book has undergone a number of subsequent iterations and we would like to thank anonymous reviewers for their comments on the proposal and draft manuscript. We would also like to thank everyone at Wiley‐Blackwell for all their hard work and also for their patience. It is also important that we acknowledge and thank colleagues and students (past and present) whose conversations and exchanges have helped us to hone our critical edge. Finally, we would like to pay special thanks to Graham Moon who read and commented on the draft manuscript, and who ultimately helped us to recognise the importance of what we were collectively trying to achieve.