Contents
Cover
Title page
Copyright page
Dedication
Preface
Chapter 1: Preparation, Characterization, and Applications of Nanomaterials (Cellulose, Lignin, and Silica) from Renewable (Lignocellulosic) Resources
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Preparation of Nanomaterials
1.3 Characterization of Nanomaterials
1.4 Applications and Market Aspects
1.5 Concluding Remarks and Challenges Ahead
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 2: Hydrogels and its Nanocomposites from Renewable Resources: Biotechnological and Biomedical Applications
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Hydrogels from Renewable Resources
2.3 Hydrogel Technical Features
2.4 Nanocomposite Hydrogels
2.5 Nanocomposite Hydrogels with Natural Polymers
2.6 Classifications of Hydrogels
2.7 Applications of Hydrogels as Biomaterials
2.8 Conclusions
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 3: Preparation of Chitin-Based Nanocomposite Materials Through Gelation with Ionic Liquid
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Dissolution and Gelation of Chitin with Ionic Liquid
3.3 Fabrication of Self-Assembled Chitin Nanofibers by Regeneration from the Chitin Ion Gels
3.4 Preparation of Nanocomposite Materials from Chitin Nanofibers
3.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 4: Starch-Based Bionanocomposites
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Nanocomposites
4.3 Starch Structural Features
4.4 Starch-Based Bionanocomposites
4.5 Starch Nanocrystal, Nanoparticle, and Nanocolloid Preparation and Modification Methods
4.6 Nano Starch as Fillers in Other Nanocomposites
4.7 Biomedical Application
4.8 Conclusion
References
Chapter 5: Biorenewable Nanofiber and Nanocrystal: Renewable Nanomaterials for Constructing Novel Nanocomposites
5.1 Nanocellulose-Based and Nanocellulose-Reinforced Nanocomposite Hydrogels
5.2 Nanocellulose-Based Aerogels
5.3 Nanocellulose-Based Biomimetic and Conductive Nanocomposite Films
5.4 Chiral Nematic Liquid Crystal and its Nanocomposites with Unique Optical Properties
5.5 Spun Fibers from Nanocelluloses
5.6 Summary and Outlook
References
Chapter 6: Investigation of Wear Characteristics of Dental Composite Reinforced with Rice Husk–Derived Nanosilica Filler Particles
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Materials and Method
6.3 Results and Discussion
6.4 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Nomenclature
References
Chapter 7: Performance of Regenerated Cellulose Nanocomposites Fabricated via Ionic Liquid Based on Halloysites and Vermiculite
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Experimental
7.3 Results and Discussions
7.4 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 8: Preparation, Structure, Properties, and Interactions of the PVA/Cellulose Composites
8.1 PVA and Cellulose
8.2 The Bulk and Surface Modification of Cellulose Particles
8.3 The Methods and Technology of Preparation of the PVA/Cellulose Composites
8.4 The Relationship between Structure and Properties of PVA/Cellulose Composites
8.5 The Effect of the Interaction between PVA and Cellulose on Properties of PVA/Cellulose Composites
8.6 Conclusions and Outlook
References
Chapter 9: Green Composites with Cellulose Nanoreinforcements
9.1 Introduction
9.2 A Short Overview on Nanosized Cellulose
9.3 General Aspects on Green Composites with Cellulose Nanoreinforcements
9.4 Green Composites from Biopolyamides and Cellulose Nanoreinforcements
9.5 Green Composites from Polylactide and Cellulose Nanoreinforcements
9.6 Microbial Polyesters Nanocellulose Composites
9.7 Conclusions
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 10: Biomass Composites from Bamboo-Based Micro/Nanofibers
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Bamboo Microfiber and Microcomposites
10.3 Bamboo Lignocellulosic Nanofiber and Nanocomposite
10.4 Conclusions
References
Chapter 11: Synthesis and Medicinal Properties of Polycarbonates and Resins from Renewable Sources
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Synthesis
11.3 Polycarbonates from Renewable Resources
11.4 Medicinal Properties
11.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 12: Nanostructured Polymer Composites with Modified Carbon Nanotubes
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Experimental Methods
12.3 Results and Discussion
12.4 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 13: Organic–Inorganic Nanocomposites Derived from Polysaccharides: Challenges and Opportunities
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Constituents
13.3 Preparation of Polysaccharide-Derived Nanocomposites
13.4 Processing
13.5 Trends and Perspectives
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 14: Natural Polymer-Based Nanocomposites: A Greener Approach for the Future
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Wood Polymer Nanocomposite
14.3 Basic Components of Wood Polymer Nanocomposite
14.4 Natural Polymer/Raw Material Used in Preparation of WPNC
14.5 Wood
14.6 Cross-Linker
14.7 Modification of Natural Polymers
14.8 Properties of Natural Polymer-Based Composites
14.9 Conclusion and Future Prospects
References
Chapter 15: Cellulose Whisker-Based Green Polymer Composites
15.1 Cellulose: Discovery, Sources, and Microstructure
15.2 Nanocellulose
15.3 Polymer Composites
15.4 Applications of Cellulose Whisker Composites
References
Chapter 16: Poly(Lactic Acid) Nanocomposites Reinforced with Different Additives
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Biopolymers
16.3 PLA Nanocomposites
16.4 Summary
References
Chapter 17: Nanocrystalline Cellulose: Green, Multifunctional and Sustainable Nanomaterials
17.1 Introduction: Natural Based Products
17.2 Nanocellulose
17.3 Nanocellulose: Chemical Functionalization
17.4 Applications of Functionalized Nanocellulose
17.5 Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 18: Halloysite-Based Bionanocomposites
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Biodegradable Polymers
18.3 Natural Inorganic Filler: Halloysite Nanotubes
18.4 Bionanocomposites
18.5 Applications of HNT/Polysaccharide Nanocomposites
18.6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 19: Nanostructurated Composites Based on Biodegradable Polymers and Silver Nanoparticles
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Silver Nanoparticles
19.3 Applications of Silver Nanoparticles
19.4 Silver Nanoparticle Composites
19.5 Applications of Silver Nanoparticles Composites
19.6 Conclusions and Future Prospectives
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 20: Starch-Based Biomaterials and Nanocomposites
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Starch: Structure and Characteristics
20.3 Applicability of Starch in Food Industry
20.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 21: Green Nanocomposites-Based on PLA and Natural Organic Fillers
21.1 Introduction
21.2 Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)
21.3 Natural Organic Nanofillers
21.4 Bionanocomposites Based on PLA
21.5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 22: Chitin and Chitosan-Based (NANO) Composites
22.1 Introduction
22.2 Chitin and Chitosan Properties and Processing
22.3 Preparation and Characterization of Ct and Cs Composites: An Overview
22.4 Ct- and Cs-Metal Composites
22.5 Ct and Cs-Inorganic Composites
22.6 Composites Based on Ct and Cs Whiskers
22.7 Overview, Perspectives, and Conclusion
References
Index
End User License Agreement
Guide
Cover
Copyright
Contents
Begin Reading
List of Tables
Chapter 1
Table 1.1: Various types of NCs from lignocellulosic materials.
Table 1.2: Characteristics of NCs from various sources obtained by different processing methods.
Table 1.3: Crystallinity of NCs.
Table 1.4: Silica composition after treatment of horsetail biomass and calcination at 500 °C.
Table 1.5: SSA and volume of SSA (VSSA) after BET adsorption experiment.
Chapter 4
Table 4.1: List of several recent starch-based clay BNCs.
Table 4.2: Several recently reported graft polymers of SNCs.
Chapter 6
Table 6.1: Detail composition of dental composite filled with silane treated and nanosilica filler.
Table 6.2: Levels of variables used in three-body abrasive wear test.
Table 6.3: Taguchi experimental results.
Table 6.4: ANOVA analysis for volumetric wear rate of dental composite under food slurry condition.
Table 6.5: ANOVA analysis for volumetric wear rate of dental composite under citric acid condition.
Table 6.6: Results of the confirmation experiments for wear rate of dental composite filled with silane treated nanosilica in food slurry and citric acid condition.
Chapter 7
Table 7.1: Blend formulation for RC/VMT nanocomposites via IL (EMIMCl).
Chapter 9
Table 9.1: Mechanical and thermal properties of PLA–nanocellulose composites, as a function of the processing technique, concentration, and type of nanocellulose.
Table 9.2: Commercial PHAs (Chanprateep, 2010; Avérous & Pollet, 2012).
Table 9.3: Mechanical and thermal properties of PHA–cellulose composites, as a function of the processing technique.
Table 9.4: Thermal and mechanical characteristics of different PHAs (Doi
et al.
, 1990; Kunioka
et al.
, 1989; Saito & Doi, 1994; Khanna & Srivastava, 2005; Zhao & Chen, 2007; Koller
et al.
, 2007; Miguel & Iruin, 1999; Koller, 2014).
Chapter 12
Table 12.1: Influence of fluorination on polymer composite properties.
Table 12.2: Principal characteristics of the industrially produced ‘Taunit′ nanoproducts.
Table 12.3: Summary table of basic characteristics of the catalysts under study.
Chapter 14
Table 14.1: Mechanical properties of wood starch composites.
Chapter 15
Table 15.1: Chemical composition of natural fibers after being subjected to different treatments (Jonoobi
et al.
, 2015).
Table 15.2: Procedures employed for the preparation of cellulose whiskers from various natural resources.
Table 15.3: Surfactants for the dispersion of cellulose in various organic media.
Chapter 16
Table 16.1: Properties of different conventional polymers
Chapter 17
Table 17.1: Synthesis route of nanocellulose.
Table 17.2: Nanocellulose derivatives and its properties.
Table 17.3: Predicted Young Modulus of nanocellulose derived from different mechanical testing.
Chapter 18
Table 18.1: Physico-chemical features of HNTs.
Table 18.2: Preparation methods and applications of HNT-bipolymers nanocomposites.
Table 18.3: Stress at breaking obtained from DMA.
Chapter 19
Table 19.1: Composite systems based on silver nanoparticles and biodegradable polymers for wound dressing applications.
Chapter 20
Table 20.1: Schematic drawing of starch molecule structure.
Table 20.2: Main applications of starch films and coatings as food packaging materials.