Axelos, M. A. V. and Van de Voorde, M. (eds.)
Nanotechnology in Agriculture and Food Science
2017
Print ISBN: 9783527339891
Cornier, J., Kwade, A., Owen, A., Van de Voorde, M. (eds.)
Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology
Innovation and Production
2017
Print ISBN: 9783527340545
Fermon, C. and Van de Voorde, M. (eds.)
Nanomagnetism
Applications and Perspectives
2017
Print ISBN: 9783527339853
Mansfield, E., Kaiser, D. L., Fujita, D., Van de Voorde, M. (eds.)
Metrology and Standardization for Nanotechnology
Protocols and Industrial Innovations
2017
Print ISBN: 9783527340392
Müller, B. and Van de Voorde, M. (eds.)
Nanoscience and Nanotechnology for Human Health
2017
Print ISBN: 978-3-527-33860-3
Puers, R., Baldi, L., van Nooten, S. E., Van de Voorde, M. (eds.)
Nanoelectronics
Materials, Devices, Applications
2017
Print ISBN: 9783527340538
Raj, B., Van de Voorde, M., Mahajan, Y. (eds.)
Nanotechnology for Energy Sustainability
2017
Print ISBN: 9783527340149
Sels, B. and Van de Voorde, M. (eds.)
Nanotechnology in Catalysis
Applications in the Chemical Industry, Energy Development, and Environment Protection
2017
Print ISBN: 9783527339143
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Thanks to my wife for her patience with me spending many hours working on the book series through the nights and over weekends. The assistance of my son Marc Philip related to the complex and large computer files with many sophisticated scientific figures is also greatly appreciated.
Marcel Van de Voorde
Since years, nanoscience and nanotechnology have become particularly an important technology areas worldwide. As a result, there are many universities that offer courses as well as degrees in nanotechnology. Many governments including European institutions and research agencies have vast nanotechnology programmes and many companies file nanotechnology-related patents to protect their innovations. In short, nanoscience is a hot topic!
Nanoscience started in the physics field with electronics as a forerunner, quickly followed by the chemical and pharmacy industries. Today, nanotechnology finds interests in all branches of research and industry worldwide. In addition, governments and consumers are also keen to follow the developments, particularly from a safety and security point of view.
This books series fills the gap between books that are available on various specific topics and the encyclopedias on nanoscience. This well-selected series of books consists of volumes that are all edited by experts in the field from all over the world and assemble top-class contributions. The topical scope of the book is broad, ranging from nanoelectronics and nanocatalysis to nanometrology. Common to all the books in the series is that they represent top-notch research and are highly application-oriented, innovative, and relevant for industry. Finally they collect a valuable source of information on safety aspects for governments, consumer agencies and the society.
The titles of the volumes in the series are as follows:
The book series appeals to a wide range of readers with backgrounds in physics, chemistry, biology, and medicine, from students at universities to scientists at institutes, in industrial companies and government agencies and ministries.
Ever since nanoscience was introduced many years ago, it has greatly changed our lives – and will continue to do so!
March 2016 Marcel Van de Voorde
Marcel Van de Voorde, Prof. Dr. ir. Ing. Dr. h.c., has 40 years' experience in European Research Organisations, including CERN-Geneva and the European Commission, with 10 years at the Max Planck Institute for Metals Research, Stuttgart. For many years, he was involved in research and research strategies, policy, and management, especially in European research institutions.
He has been a member of many Research Councils and Governing Boards of research institutions across Europe, the United States, and Japan. In addition to his Professorship at the University of Technology in Delft, the Netherlands, he holds multiple visiting professorships in Europe and worldwide. He holds a doctor honoris causa and various honorary professorships.
He is a senator of the European Academy for Sciences and Arts, Salzburg, and Fellow of the World Academy for Sciences. He is a member of the Science Council of the French Senate/National Assembly in Paris. He has also provided executive advisory services to presidents, ministers of science policy, rectors of Universities, and CEOs of technology institutions, for example, to the president and CEO of IMEC, Technology Centre in Leuven, Belgium. He is also a Fellow of various scientific societies. He has been honored by the Belgian King and European authorities, for example, he received an award for European merits in Luxemburg given by the former President of the European Commission. He is author of multiple scientific and technical publications and has coedited multiple books, especially in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology.
Nanophotonics is truly a multidisciplinary field of expertise. This immediately becomes clear from its definition as being the “study of the behavior of light on the nanometer scale, and of the interaction of nanometer-scale objects with light.” Consequently, nanophotonics involves both the science of light and the investigation of nanoscale structures and materials, especially the interaction between them. This new and prolific research area includes fields such as metamaterials, functional materials, and plasmonics.
The scientific breakthroughs, the application areas, and prospects of micro- and nanophotonics are remarkable as visualized in this book, covering the full spectrum from fundamental and applied research to industrial innovations. But what makes micro- and nanophotonics so exciting compared to photonics? The focus on submicrometer-scale effects provides a decisive differentiator in various ways. High-resolution metrology as in scanning near-field optical microscopy opens new characterization capabilities going below the light diffraction limit. In integrated nanophotonics, a large number of optical functions can be realized in a small area, making it a cost-effective and scalable platform as known from silicon semiconductor technology. Focusing light to nanometer-scale dimensions leads to high intensities facilitating nonlinear optical interactions that are otherwise not reachable. Furthermore, materials behave differently when they are shaped to nanometer-scale dimensions. Quantum mechanical effects as known, for example, from quantum dots or nanoparticles become now controllable, enabling light–matter interactions completely different from bulk materials.
Hence, micro- and nanophotonics enable new physics, novel applications, and scalability, making it a driver of innovation. The impact of photonics on our society is already immense and will keep increasing in the future. This has been nicely outlined by the International Year of Light and Light-based Technologies 2015 (IYL2015), endorsed by UNESCO. This successful global initiative has demonstrated to the world citizens the importance of light and optical technologies in everyday life and for the development of the society.
The purpose of this book is to present all novel aspects of nanophotonics and to help translate curiosity-driven research into the next-generation photonic devices and other innovative commercial products. The volume you are holding is a selection of 23 state-of-the art contributions with many links to databases and references, written by authors from all over Europe, the United States, and Asia. It is written for students of engineering sciences and physics, and will also be a great source of information and inspiration for professional scientists in research and industry. It is aimed to be a global reference for the photonics community, and hopefully will also find its way to policy makers and other stakeholders interested in finding solutions to the grand challenges of today.
We are convinced that you will enjoy reading this book and discovering the beauty and diversity of photonics at small length scales.
Principal Research Staff Member | Bert Jan Offrein |
Head of Photonics, IBM Research – Zurich | |
President of the European Physical Society | Christophe Rossel |
Emeritus RSM, IBM Research – Zurich |
Photonics is now a worldwide acknowledged fundamental and applied topic recognized as a key enabling domain in which new tasks in the scientific and technological areas become possible. Generally, these tasks are accomplished in association with other technologies having in this way their potential enabled by micro- and nanophotonics.
As electronics lead to microelectronics, photonics lead to microphotonics and nanophotonics. For fundamental and practical reasons, micro- and nanophotonics, which were initially marginal in the optics and photonics domain, became the core of this domain. It can be said now that the essential of photonics is provided by micro- and nanophotonic outputs. Almost all the recent innovations involving photonics would have been impossible to achieve without the micro- and nanophotonics disruptive breakthroughs, enlarging in this way the action field of photonics.
The progresses in micro- and nanophotonics can be classified into two categories. The first one concerns “classical” optical instruments that have been downsized up to the microscale, the second one consists in implementing new functionalities by smart modulations of materials at the nanoscale that are out of reach of classical miniaturization approach, such as digital diffractive elements, integrated optics, and so on. This book covers these two categories. It is impossible nowadays to have a complete extended review of these both domains in one book. This book gives a smart overview of micro- and nanophotonics through some selected examples of applications with an analysis of their background. These applications have been selected for their representative interest. The prospective applications are so varied that only some strong examples were taken into account
In the future, a new nano and micro industry incorporating photonics will take shape allowing a chance for Europe to catch up with the manufacturing of micro- and nanophotonics devices including production because it can be done with the almost exclusive use of robotics under digital control.
We have tried to feature in this book some of the enabling essentials of micro- and nanotechnologies considered more from the point of view of the engineer than from the point of view of the pure scientist. We have considered what can be helpful for a satisfying running and more of the many micro- and nanophotonics devices as micro- and nanosensors that will be found in our immediate surroundings (cars and planes, for instance)
This book will pave the way for general physicists, engineers, and technician to enter the field of nanophotonics. In addition, the book will also be a good reference for undergraduate, graduate, and postgraduate students from almost all the technical and biotechnical disciplines. We hope that this book will be valuable also for experts in the field as a good tool to identify where some key progress is occurring that is not in their field of view.
The world is becoming more and more digital. This is also the case in micro- and nanophotonics. All the micro- and nanophotonics introduced in this book exist as digital models, more or less complete, which were used as a basis for their hardware versions. The digital conception methods are following the progress of physics concepts.
In this book are introduced micro- and nanophotonic devices at different levels of development: some of them are at the basic concept level, some others have been tested for fulfilling challenging applications needs, and some of them are at the digital intermediary level.
The applications considered in this book are in a large range showing the versatility and the strong enabling potential of micro- and nanophotonics. It can thus be noticed that in the chapters of this book micro- and nanophotonics is associated with chemistry, telecom, media, space, physics, computer sciences, biomedical systems, clean energy, and so on.
The ability to enter all these fields is very stimulating for students who are taking, when this is possible, a major in photonics when they realize that photonics is, in fact, opening for them pluridisciplinary and evolutive careers. It seems reasonable to consider that we are witnessing only the blossoming of micro- and nanophotonics that will accelerate in the coming years. The year of light is a milestone in this trend.
Education is very important for the future of micro- and nanophotonics. Most of the chapters in this book impart advanced education in micro- and nanophotonics. This is why pedagogy is so significant in a majority of chapters. It is necessary to increase the number of well-trained engineers, scientists, and technicians to assume the many forecast innovations in micro- and nanophotonics. The areas of the world where they will take place will be the ones where the dedicated high-level workforce will be in place.
The growing interest in micro- and nanophotonics is shown by the fast growing numbers of attendees to the photonics conferences incorporating in large part micro- and nanophotonics. Many of these attendees are newcomers to micro- and nanophotonics drawn to these conferences by the disruptive intrusion of micro- and nanophotonics in their work domain. This book will also help them structure their concerns with regard to micro- and nanophotonics.
July 2016 | Patrick Meyrueis University of Strasbourg, France |
Marcel Van de Voorde University of Technology Delft, The Netherlands |