Cover Page

The Sociology of Globalization

Second Edition

LUKE MARTELL















polity

Preface to the Second Edition

For this second edition I have edited through the book for style and repetition. The data has been updated throughout.

I have expanded the section on gender inequality and globalization in chapter 8. I have also expanded the section on the rise of China in the chapter on American power and China (chapter 12). Updates to other chapters reflect the rise of developing Asia.

There is a new section on globalization and the environment in the chapter on global politics (chapter 10). Climate change is discussed at points throughout the book. I have included a discussion of global cities (chapter 2). I have added a case study on the localization of McDonaldization to the chapter on culture (chapter 4). I have revised discussions of the Internet.

I have added sections on the sociological theorist Pierre Bourdieu to the second chapter on media and culture (chapter 4) and the chapter on globalization and the state (chapter 9). There is an extra section on work and workers in the chapter on the economy (chapter 7). In the chapter on the state (chapter 9) I have included a discussion of the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership.

There is a new section in the chapter on anti-globalization (chapter 11) on recent anti-capitalism and global protest. I have included a section on the aftermath of the financial crisis, austerity and alternatives to austerity in the chapter on the global economy (chapter 7).

In the first chapter on migration (chapter 5) I have added a section on the sociological theorist Zygmunt Bauman. I have rewritten most of the chapter on the effects of migration (chapter 6), updating it and expanding especially on brain drain and open borders.

Themes such as racism and international organizations are discussed not in separate sections but throughout the book. There is some extra material in this edition that relates to these areas.

I have updated recommended reading. I have added more up-to-date references.

To make space for additions the publisher asked me to remove the chapter on war, so I have done this. However, this is an important area, often neglected by sociologists, and this chapter is available in the first edition.

I hope that the book will read better, be more up to date, and be more challenging for some at higher levels, and that the new sections will improve the coverage of the book and its interest for readers.

Abbreviations

ASEAN
Association of Southeast Asian Nations
ATTAC
Association for the Taxation of Financial Transactions for the Aid of Citizens
CETA
Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement
DAC
Development Assistance Committee
EC
European Commission
ECHR
European Convention on Human Rights
ECtHR
European Court of Human Rights
EEA
European Economic Area
EU
European Union
FDI
foreign direct investment
G8
Group of Eight
GATT
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
GDP
gross domestic product
GDR
German Democratic Republic
GM
genetically modified
GNI
gross national income
GNP
gross national product
HDI
human development index
IGO
international governmental organization
ILO
International Labour Organization
IMF
International Monetary Fund
INGO
international non-governmental organization
MNC
multinational corporation
NAFTA
North American Free Trade Agreement
NAM
Non-Aligned Movement
NATO
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
NGO
non-governmental organization
NIC
newly industrializing country
NPT
Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
NWICO
New World Information and Communication Order
ODA
official development assistance
OECD
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
OPEC
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
RMA
Revolution in Military Affairs
SAPs
structural adjustment policies
TNC
transnational corporation
TTIP
Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership
UDHR
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
UN
United Nations
UNCTAD
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
WHO
World Health Organization
WMDs
weapons of mass destruction
WTO
World Trade Organization