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Advanced Hierarchical Nanostructured Materials

Edited by

Qiang Zhang and Fei Wei

 

 

 

 

 

Wiley Logo

Dr. Qiang Zhang and Dr. Fei Wei

Tsinghua University

Department of Chemical Engineering

Key Lab Green Chemical Reaction

Engineering

100084 Beijing

China

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Print ISBN: 978-3-527-33346-2

ePDF ISBN: 978-3-527-66497-9

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Cover Design Bluesea Design, McLeese Lake, Canada

Preface

Hierarchical materials are present everywhere around us. Hierarchical nanostructures are widely observed in nature, for example, in plant cell walls, bone, animal shells, and skeletons, showing that a high mechanical performance can be attained by structuring matter across a range of length scales. The combination of low dimensional nanomaterials with distinct physical and chemical properties with hierarchical nanostructures can usually inherit the full advantages of the component materials, or even lead to the formation of multifunctional materials with unexpected properties for unique applications.

Nanoscience and nanotechnology brings not only new concepts to understand Nature but also new materials for building our society. Proper arrangement and construction of different low dimensional nanomaterials (e.g., zero-dimensional nanoparticles, one-dimensional nanotubes, nanowires, nanorods, and two-dimensional flakes) as building blocks with two or more levels from the nanometer to the macroscopic scale leads to the formation of three-dimensional hierarchical nanostructures. The as-obtained hierarchical nanostructures are usually with unexpected properties for unique applications in energy conversion and storage, catalysis, material science, environment protection, biology, and so on. A tremendous amount of work has been carried out on the synthesis, properties, and applications of hierarchical nanostructured materials. Hierarchical nanostructures have become a hot topic and will be vigorously pursued in the years to come. A family of cutting-edge materials, such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, magnetic nanoparticles, boron nitride, layered double hydroxides, polymer vesicles, as well as zeolites, is still being considered to build hierarchical nanostructures. The strategies to fabricate the related hierarchical nanostructures and their novel properties and applications for energy storage, environmental protection, catalysis, electronics, and healthcare are being widely investigated. Therefore, this rapidly growing field is of critical significance and is attracting great attention from both academia and industry. It is the time to review the progress achieved by outstanding researchers to shed light on the science and technology of hierarchical nanostructures.

In 2012, the first book Hierarchical Structured Porous Materials edited by Bao-Lian Su, Clement Sanchez, and Xiao-Yu Yang was published by Wiley-VCH. This has been a great contribution to porous materials with bimodal, trimodal, and multimodal pore size, with emphasis on the rational design, synthesis, and applications. For the facile transfer of the latest knowledge on hierarchical nanostructures, a new title Advanced Hierarchical Nanostructured Material was proposed. This book is devoted to the hot field of the science and technology of hierarchical nanostructures with low dimensional nanomaterial building blocks, with particular emphasis on the emerging nanocarbon (graphene, carbon nanotube), nanocrystals, mesoporous silicates, polymers, layered double hydroxides, and their related composites. Their complex, three-dimensional nanostructures and ever-increasing applications for energy storage, environmental protection, green catalysis, and biointerface for healthcare are also included.

This book contains 13 chapters written by leading experts worldwide. The book starts with the structural diversity in mesoporous materials (Chapter 1). Then a family of hierarchical nanostructured materials, including biological materials (Chapter 2), magnetic nanoparticles (Chapter 3), metallic micro/nanostructures (Chapter 4), polymer vesicles (Chapter 5), helices (Chapter 6), layered double hydroxides (Chapter 7), boron nitride (Chapter 8), graphene (Chapter 9), hydrothermal nanocarbons (Chapter 10), carbon nanocomposites (Chapter 11), porous carbon (Chapter 12), and functional polymer coatings (Chapter 13), is dealt with. The synthesis, structure, and applications of these above-mentioned materials are also provided in each chapter, with some of them toward certain applications in energy or healthcare.

This book can be used as a basic reference work for the rational design, facile synthesis, and emerging applications of hierarchical nanostructures. This is a critical reference source for scientists and engineers in academia and industry, as well as graduate and undergraduates in a wide range of disciplines including materials science, chemistry, physics, chemical engineering, and environmental and biology sciences.

We are thankful to all the authors for their substantial contributions to this book. We also wish to thank Lesley Belfit, Preuss Martin, and other members of the staff of Wiley-VCH for their highly professional and valuable assistance.

December 2013

Qiang Zhang
Fei Wei
Tsinghua University
Beijing, China

List of Contributors

  1. Mikhael Bechelany
  2. CNRS Institut Européen des Membranes
  3. IEM-UMR 5635 ENSCM-UM2-CNRS
  4. Université Montpellier 2 Place Eugène Bataillon
  5. Montpellier
  6. France
  1. Samuel Bernard
  2. CNRS Institut Européen des Membranes
  3. IEM-UMR 5635 ENSCM-UM2-CNRS
  4. Université Montpellier 2, Place Eugène Bataillon
  5. Montpellier
  6. France
  1. Hsien-Yeh Chen
  2. National Taiwan University
  3. Department of Chemical Engineering
  4. No 1, Sec. 4 Roosevelt Rd.
  5. Taipei 10617
  6. Taiwan
  1. Xiaodong Chen
  2. Nanyang Technological University
  3. School of Materials Science and Engineering
  4. Nanyang Avenue
  5. Singapore 639798
  6. Singapore
  1. Helmut Cölfen
  2. University of Konstanz
  3. Physical Chemistry and Konstanz Research School of Chemical Biology
  4. Universitätstrasse 10
  5. Konstanz
  6. Germany
  1. Jianzhong Du
  2. Tongji University
  3. School of Materials Science and Engineering
  4. Department of Polymer Science
  5. Caoan Road
  6. Shanghai 201804
  7. China
  1. Xue Duan
  2. Beijing University of Chemical Technology
  3. State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
  4. Science College
  5. Beisanhuan East Road No. 15
  6. Chaoyang
  7. Beijing, 100029
  8. China
  1. David G. Evans
  2. Beijing University of Chemical Technology
  3. State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
  4. Science College
  5. Beisanhuan East Road No. 15
  6. Chaoyang
  7. Beijing, 100029
  8. China
  1. Marco Furlan
  2. University of Fribourg
  3. Adolphe Merkle Institute
  4. Route de l'ancienne Papeterie CP 209
  5. Marly 1
  6. Switzerland
  1. Mikhail L. Gordin
  2. The Pennsylvania State University
  3. Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering
  4. Reber Building
  5. University Park
  6. PA 16802
  7. USA
  1. Lin Guo
  2. Beihang University
  3. Department of Applied Chemistry
  4. School of Chemistry and Environment
  5. XueYuan Road No. 37
  6. Haidian
  7. Beijing 100191
  8. China
  1. Jingbin Han
  2. Beijing University of Chemical Technology
  3. State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
  4. Science College
  5. Beisanhuan East Road No. 15
  6. Chaoyang
  7. Beijing, 100029
  8. China
  1. Yu Han
  2. King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
  3. Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center
  4. Physical Science and Engineering Division
  5. Thuwal 23955-6900
  6. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
  1. Yueyue Jiang
  2. Nanyang Technological University
  3. School of Materials Science and Engineering
  4. Nanyang Avenue
  5. Singapore 639798
  6. Singapore
  1. Marco Lattuada
  2. University of Fribourg
  3. Adolphe Merkle Institute
  4. Route de l'ancienne Papeterie CP 209
  5. Marly 1
  6. Switzerland
  1. Lidong Li
  2. Beihang University
  3. Department of Applied Chemistry
  4. School of Chemistry and Environment
  5. XueYuan Road No. 37
  6. Haidian
  7. Beijing 100191
  8. China
  1. Lili Liu
  2. Nanyang Technological University
  3. School of Materials Science and Engineering
  4. Nanyang Avenue
  5. Singapore 639798
  6. Singapore
  1. Philippe Miele
  2. Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier
  3. Institut Européen des Membranes
  4. IEM-UMR 5635
  5. Place Eugène Bataillon
  6. Montpellier
  7. France
  1. Zhiqiang Niu
  2. Nanyang Technological University
  3. School of Materials Science and Engineering
  4. Nanyang Avenue
  5. Singapore 639798
  6. Singapore
  1. Juanjuan Qi
  2. Beihang University
  3. Department of Applied Chemistry
  4. School of Chemistry and Environment
  5. XueYuan Road No. 37
  6. Haidian
  7. Beijing 100191
  8. China
  1. Ashit Rao
  2. University of Konstanz
  3. Physical Chemistry and Konstanz Research School of Chemical Biology
  4. Universitätstrasse 10
  5. Konstanz
  6. Germany
  1. Jong Seto
  2. Ècole Normale Superiéure
  3. Department of Chemistry
  4. rue Lhomond
  5. Paris
  6. France
  1. and
  1. University of Konstanz
  2. Physical Chemistry
  3. Universitätstrasse 10
  4. Konstanz
  5. Germany
  1. Hiesang Sohn
  2. The Pennsylvania State University
  3. Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering
  4. Reber Building
  5. University Park
  6. PA 16802
  7. USA
  1. Chiao-Tzu Su
  2. National Taiwan University
  3. Department of Chemical Engineering
  4. No 1, Sec. 4 Roosevelt Rd.
  5. Taipei 10617
  6. Taiwan
  1. Maria-Magdalena Titirici
  2. Queen Mary University of London
  3. School of Engineering and Materials Science
  4. Mile End Road
  5. London E1 4NS
  6. UK
  1. Meng-Yu Tsai
  2. National Taiwan University
  3. Department of Chemical Engineering
  4. No 1, Sec. 4 Roosevelt Rd.
  5. Taipei 10617
  6. Taiwan
  1. Da-Wei Wang
  2. The University of Queensland
  3. School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences
  4. St Lucia, Brisbane
  5. Queensland 4072
  6. Australia
  1. Donghai Wang
  2. The Pennsylvania State University
  3. Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering
  4. Reber Building
  5. University Park
  6. PA 16802
  7. USA
  1. Fei Wei
  2. Tsinghua University
  3. Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology
  4. Department of Chemical Engineering
  5. Beijing 100084
  6. China
  1. Min Wei
  2. Beijing University of Chemical Technology
  3. State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
  4. Science College
  5. Beisanhuan East Road No. 15
  6. Chaoyang
  7. Beijing, 100029
  8. China
  1. Daliang Zhang
  2. Jilin University
  3. State Key Lab of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
  4. Department of Chemistry
  5. Changchun 130012
  6. China
  1. Qiang Zhang
  2. Tsinghua University
  3. Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology
  4. Department of Chemical Engineering
  5. Beijing 100084
  6. China
  1. Meng-Qiang Zhao
  2. Tsinghua University
  3. Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology
  4. Department of Chemical Engineering
  5. Beijing 100084
  6. China
  1. Yihan Zhu
  2. King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
  3. Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center
  4. Physical Science and Engineering Division
  5. Thuwal 23955-6900
  6. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia