Cover
Preface
1 Application of MOFs and Their Derived Materials in Sensors
1. 1.1 Introduction
2. 1.2 Application of MOFs and Their Derived Materials in Sensors
3. 1.3 Conclusion
4. Acknowledgments
5. References
2 Applications of Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs) and Their Derivatives in Piezo/Ferroelectrics
1. 2.1 Introduction
2. 2.2 Fundamentals of Piezo/Ferroelectricity
3. 2.3 Metal–Organic Frameworks for Piezo/Ferroelectricity
4. 2.4 Ferro/Piezoelectric Behavior of Various MOFs
5. 2.5 Conclusion
6. References
3 Fabrication and Functionalization Strategies of MOFs and Their Derived Materials “MOF Architecture”
1. 3.1 Introduction
2. 3.2 Fabrication and Functionalization of MOFs
3. 3.3 MOF Derived Materials
4. 3.4 Conclusion
5. References
4 Application of MOFs and Their Derived Materials in Molecular Transport
1. 4.1 Introduction
2. 4.2 MOFs as Nanocarriers for Membrane Transport
3. 4.3 Conclusion
4. References
5 Role of MOFs as Electro/-Organic Catalysts
1. 5.1 What Is MOFs
2. 5.2 MOFs as Electrocatalyst in Sensing Applications
3. 5.3 MOFs as Organic Catalysts in Organic Transformations
4. 5.4 Conclusion and Future Prospects
5. References
6 Application of MOFs and Their Derived Materials in Batteries
1. 6.1 Introduction
2. 6.2 Metal–Organic Frameworks
3. 6.3 Polymer Electrolytes
4. 6.4 Ionic Liquids
5. 6.5 Ion Transport in Polymer Electrolytes
6. 6.6 IL Incorporated MOF Based Composite Polymer Electrolytes
7. 6.7 Conclusion and Perspectives
8. References
7 Fine Chemical Synthesis Using Metal–Organic Frameworks as Catalysts
1. 7.1 Introduction
2. 7.2 Oxidation Reaction
3. 7.3 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reaction
4. 7.4 Transesterification Reaction
5. 7.5 C–C Bond Formation Reactions
6. 7.6 Conclusion
7. References
8 Application of Metal Organic Framework and Derived Material in Hydrogenation Catalysis
1. 8.1 Introduction
2. 8.2 Hydrogenation Reactions
3. 8.3 Conclusion
4. References
9 Application of MOFs and Their Derived Materials in Solid-Phase Extraction
1. 9.1 Solid-Phase Extraction
2. 9.2 MOFs and COFs in Miniaturized Solid-Phase Extraction (µSPE)
3. 9.3 MOFs and COFs in Miniaturized Dispersive Solid-Phase Extraction (D-µSPE)
4. 9.4 MOFs and COFs in Magnetic-Assisted Miniaturized Dispersive Solid-Phase Extraction (m-D-µSPE)
5. 9.5 Concluding Remarks
6. Acknowledgments
7. References
10 Anticancer and Antimicrobial MOFs and Their Derived Materials
1. 10.1 Introduction
2. 10.2 Anticancer MOFs
3. 10.3 Antibacterial MOFs
4. 10.4 Antifungal MOFs
5. References
11 Theoretical Investigation of Metal–Organic Frameworks and Their Derived Materials for the Adsorption of Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products
1. 11.1 Introduction
2. 11.2 General Synthesis Routes
3. 11.3 Postsynthetic Modification in MOF
4. 11.4 Computational Method
5. 11.5 Results and Discussion
6. 11.6 Conclusion
7. References
12 Metal–Organic Frameworks and Their Hybrid Composites for Adsorption of Volatile Organic Compounds
1. 12.1 Introduction
2. 12.2 VOCs and Their Potential Hazards
3. 12.3 VOCs Removal Techniques
4. 12.4 Fabricated MOF for VOC Removal
5. 12.5 MOF Composites
6. 12.6 Generalization Adsorptive Removal of VOCs by MOFs
7. 12.7 Simple Modeling the Adsorption
8. 12.8 Factor Affecting VOCs Adsorption
9. 12.9 Future Perspective
10. References
13 Application of Metal–Organic Framework and Their Derived Materials in Electrocatalysis
1. List of Abbreviations
2. 13.1 Introduction
3. 13.2 Perspective Synthesis of MOF and Their Derived Materials
4. 13.3 MOF for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
5. 13.4 MOF for Oxygen Evolution Reaction
6. 13.5 MOF for Oxygen Reduction Reaction
7. 13.6 MOF for CO₂ Electrochemical Reduction Reaction
8. 13.7 MOF for Electrocatalytic Sensing
9. 13.8 Electrocatalytic Features of MOF
10. 13.9 Conclusion
11. Acknowledgment
12. References
14 Applications of MOFs and Their Composite Materials in Light-Driven Redox Reactions
1. 14.1 Introduction
2. 14.2 Pristine MOFs and Their Application in Photocatalysis
3. 14.3 Metal Nanoparticles–MOF Composites and Their Application in Photocatalysis
4. 14.4 Semiconductor–MOF Composites and Their Application in Photocatalysis
5. 14.5 MOF-Based Multicomponent Composites and Their Application in Photocatalysis
6. 14.6 Conclusions
7. References
Index
Also of Interest
End User License Agreement

List of Tables

Chapter 2
1. Table 2.1 The ferroelectric properties of various materials.
Chapter 6
1. Table 6.1 HN parameters of variation ofε^/ with frequency (300 K) for N...
2. Table 6.2M_max′′ , logω_max, relaxation time (τ), and β_KWW for NiBT...
3. Table 6.3 Activation energy (E_a) with regression line (intercept) of NiBTC–...
4. Table 6.4 Frequency exponentn of variation of AC conductivity with frequenc...
5. Table 6.5 Frequency exponentn of variation of AC conductivity with frequenc...
6. Table 6.6 Activation energy (E_a) with regression line (intercept) for CuBTC...
Chapter 8
1. Table 8.1 Metal ion for hydrogenation reaction.
2. Table 8.2 Catalytic performance of different MOF based catalyst for selecti...
3. Table 8.3 Hydrogenation reaction of various substituted nitroarenes and the...
4. Table 8.4 Data collected from literature survey for catalytic hydrogenation...
5. Table 8.5 Reaction data collected from literature survey for catalytic perf...
Chapter 9
1. Table 9.1 MOFs and COFs as sorbents in analytical µSPE applications.
2. Table 9.2 MOFs and COFs as sorbents in analytical d-µSPE applications.
3. Table 9.3 MOFs and COFs as sorbents in analytical m-d-µSPE applications.
Chapter 10
1. Table 10.1 Pore size, particle size drug loading (wt%), and entrapment effi...
2. Table 10.2 Minimum inhibitory concentration (MICs) (μg/mL) of nMOFs and Amp...
Chapter 11
1. Table 11.1 MOFs used for adsorptive removal of pharmaceutical products from...
2. Table 11.2 Binding and dominant mechanisms of MIL-100 with various organic ...
Chapter 12
1. Table 12.1 Properties of some VOCs and their IDLH levels as proposed by NIO...
2. Table 12.2 Some biogenic volatile organic compounds and their producing org...
3. Table 12.3 Several studied VOCs removal techniques and their performance.
4. Table 12.4 Studied adsorption performance of MIL series MOFs against some V...
5. Table 12.5 Dynamic adsorption performance of some isoreticular MOFs against...
6. Table 12.6 Surface area and adsorption capacity of NENU series toward benze...
7. Table 12.7 The equilibrium adsorption capacity of MOF-5, Eu-MOF, and MOF-19...
8. Table 12.8 Dynamic adsorption data of MOF-74 analogues [60].
9. Table 12.9 Static adsorption performance of MIL-101 and its composite again...
10. Table 12.10 Static (vacuumed) adsorption performance of MIL-101 and its com...
Chapter 13
1. Table 13.1 Electrochemical half-cell reaction for ORR, OER, HER, and CO₂RR ...
Chapter 14
1. Table 14.1 MOFs with group 4 metallic clusters.
2. Table 14.2 MOFs with groups 8, 9, and 10 metallic clusters.
3. Table 14.3 MOFs with group 11 metallic clusters.
4. Table 14.4 MOFs pristine with group 12 metallic clusters.
5. Table 14.5 Recent applications of TiO₂–MOF composites.
6. Table 14.6 Recent applications of g-C₃N₄–MOF composites.
7. Table 14.7 Recent applications of BiBS-MOF composites.
8. Table 14.8 Recent applications of rGO–MOF or GO–MOF composites.
9. Table 14.9 Recent applications of AgBS–MOF composites.
10. Table 14.10 Recent applications of SC–MOF composites in the photocatalytic ...
11. Table 14.11 Recent applications of diverse SC–MOF composites in the photoca...
12. Table 14.12 Recent investigations related to the use of modified MOFs with ...

List of Illustrations

Chapter 1
1. Figure 1.1 (a)–(c) Inorganic secondary building units (SBUs) of MOFs. (d)–...
2. Figure 1.2 Schematic illustration of the peroxidase-like activity of Fe-MI...
3. Figure 1.3 Synthesis of Pt NP@UiO-66-NH₂ nanocomposites with peroxidase-li...
4. Figure 1.4 (a) Reversible transformation of H₂DPT into DPT. (b) Conversion...
5. Figure 1.5 Application of FJU-56 MOFs for colorimetric sensing of NH₃.
6. Figure 1.6 Schematic diagram of the preparation of lanthanide-mucicate MOF...
7. Figure 1.7 Schematic diagram of detection of Sudan virus RNA by carboxyflu...
8. Figure 1.8 Fluorescence detection of target T-DNA based on magnetic porous...
9. Figure 1.9 Fluorescence sensor for L-Cys using in situ synthesized RhB@Cu-...
10. Figure 1.10 Construction of Hemin@HKUST-1-based chemiluminescence sensor f...
11. Figure 1.11 Schematic diagram of the formation process of Fe₃O₄/carbon sup...
12. Figure 1.12 Fabrication of screen-printed carbon electrode modified with D...
13. Figure 1.13 (a) Preparation of Pt@CuMOFs-hGq-GOx nanocomposite, (b) fabric...
14. Figure 1.14 Synthesis of Ru-PEI@ZIF-8 nanocomposites for ECL sensing.
15. Figure 1.15 Preparation of PCN-222 and its application for photoelectroche...
16. Figure 1.16 Preparation of MIP film in the presence of MOF-5 for the const...
Chapter 2
1. Figure 2.1 Ferroelectric hysteresis (a) and butterfly loops (b).
2. Figure 2.2 Schematic illustrations for the displacive-type and order–disor...
3. Figure 2.3 Photographs of (a) piezoelectric force microscopy and (b) TF an...
4. Figure 2.4 (a) Temperature dependence of dielectric constant, and (b) Ps v...
Chapter 3
1. Figure 3.1 Structures of Ni-based MOFs, 3D network formed by the packing o...
2. Figure 3.2 The formation scheme of MOFs.
3. Figure 3.3 The obtained structures from Zn(II) and Co(II) clusters and a b...
4. Figure 3.4 Various carboxylic acid ligands used for MOF synthesis.
5. Figure 3.5 The MOF-5 and HKUST-1 structures.
6. Figure 3.6 Various phosphoric acid and sulfonic acid linkers used for MOF ...
7. Figure 3.7 The most used azole structures.
8. Figure 3.8 Some of the nitrogen donor ligands.
9. Figure 3.9 Thermogravimetric analysis of Li₂(2,6-naphthalene-dicarboxylate...
10. Figure 3.10 Crystal structures of some IRMOFs.
11. Figure 3.11 The solvothermal synthesis of four new complexes using zinc an...
12. Figure 3.12 The most used functionalized terephthalic acid ligands.
13. Figure 3.13 The typical secondary building units.
14. Figure 3.14 The formation scheme of ZIF-8.
15. Figure 3.15 The SEM images of MIL-53-Fe synthesized by Ultrasound for 35 m...
16. Figure 3.16 The SEM images of CuTATB as bulk powder (a, b) and grown on th...
17. Figure 3.17 The formation scheme and nitrogen adsorption isotherm of HKUST...
18. Figure 3.18 The SEM images of MOF-5 obtained using different metal salts....
19. Figure 3.19 The formation scheme of cobalt-MOFs.
20. Figure 3.20 The formation scheme of three solvent-dependent Cd(II) metal–o...
21. Figure 3.21 The SEM images of MOF-177 synthesized in different conditions ...
22. Figure 3.22 The XRD patterns (a), the SEM images of ZIF-8 prepared using d...
Chapter 6
1. Figure 6.1 Structure of ZnBDC-MOF (MOF-5).
2. Figure 6.2 Schematic representation of MOF-74 based PVDF GPE gel polymer e...
3. Figure 6.3 SEM micrographs of the synthesized (a) Mg–MOF-74, (b) PVdF memb...
4. Figure 6.4 Schematic representation of Li deposition characteristics of (a...
5. Figure 6.5 (a) Digital photographs of P@CMOF in flat and bended positions ...
6. Figure 6.6 Structures of different imidazolium and pyrrolidinium based ILs...
7. Figure 6.7 Schematic representation of different processes of incorporatio...
8. Figure 6.8 The process of incorporation of EMIMCl in the pores of UiO-67....
9. Figure 6.9 (a) Nyquist impedance plots of IL EMIMCl@UiO-67 at 200°C and (b...
10. Figure 6.10 Synthesis of IL BMIMBF4 incorporated NiBTC-MOF based PVdF–HFP ...
11. Figure 6.11 (a) Real part of permittivity plots (300 K) for NiBTC–MOF base...
12. Figure 6.12 (a) Imaginary part of modulus plots (300 K) for NiBTC–MOF base...
13. Figure 6.13 Temperature dependent ionic conductivity plots for NiBTC–MOF b...
14. Figure 6.14 Electrochemical stability profiles for NiBTC–MOF based PVdF–HF...
15. Figure 6.15 (a) Room temperature AC conductivity plots for NiBTC–MOF based...
16. Figure 6.16 (a) Room temperature AC conductivity scaling plots for NiBTC–M...
17. Figure 6.17 (a) XPS spectra for CuBTC–MOF based PEO composite polymer elec...
18. Figure 6.18 k-space Scanning XANES spectra of CuBTC–MOF based PEO composit...
19. Figure 6.19 R-space Scanning EXAFS spectra of CuBTC–MOF based PEO composit...
20. Figure 6.20 Temperature dependent ionic conductivity profiles of CuBTC–MOF...
21. Figure 6.21 Electrochemical stability of CuBTC–MOF based PEO nanocomposite...
Chapter 7
1. Figure 7.1 Possible location of the catalytic sites in MOF for the synthes...
2. Figure 7.2 Schematic diagram of different metal–organic framework used as ...
Chapter 8
1. Figure 8.1 Active site in MOF based catalyst [19].
2. Figure 8.2 Hydrogenation reaction [28].
3. Figure 8.3 Hydrogenation reaction mechanism of cinnamaldehyde (CAL) [45]....
4. Figure 8.4 Hydrogenation reaction of substituted nitroarenes [51].
5. Figure 8.5 Reaction showing catalytic hydrogenation of aromatic nitro comp...
6. Figure 8.6 Catalytic performance of Ru single atoms coordinated in carbon ...
7. Figure 8.7 Reaction mechanism of hydrogenation of aromatic compounds [89]....
8. Figure 8.8 Palladium and ionic liquid based MOF based catalyst.
9. Figure 8.9 Selective hydrogenation of phenylacetylene [98].
10. Figure 8.10 Hydrogenation reaction of phenol [102].
Chapter 9
1. Figure 9.1 General schematic representation for: (a) solid-phase extractio...
2. Figure 9.2 Representative scheme of SBUs structures and their correspondin...
Chapter 10
1. Figure 10.1 Schematic representation of MOFs as drug carriers.
2. Figure 10.2 Schematic representation of the composition of Iron(III) carbo...
3. Figure 10.3 (a) The drug is covalently bonded to MOF. (b) The drug is sorp...
4. Figure 10.4 1,4-Bis(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene (bix).
5. Figure 10.5 Structure of cystine.
6. Figure 10.6 Schematic representation of MOFs in PDT.
7. Figure 10.7 5,15-Di(p-benzoato)porphyrin (H₂ DBP).
8. Figure 10.8 Schematic representation of the mechanism of action of antimic...
9. Figure 10.9 Structure of azelaic acid (AzA).
10. Figure 10.10 Molecular modeling of {[Zn(μ-4-hzba)₂]₂ 4(H₂O)}n (Zn = green,...
11. Figure 10.11 Structures of MOFs (1) and (3).
12. Figure 10.12 Structure of tetrakis[(3,5-dicarboxyphenyl)-oxamethyl] methan...
13. Figure 10.13 Schematic representation of the effect of MOF on the cell wal...
Chapter 11
1. Figure 11.1 Various methods for the synthesis of MOFs.
2. Figure 11.2 Schematic representation of binding coordinate between MIL-100...
3. Figure 11.3 Schematic representation of binding coordinate between MIL-100...
Chapter 12
1. Figure 12.1 Organic and metal building blocks of MIL-53, MIL-47, MIL-100, ...
2. Figure 12.2 Organic and metal building blocks of the isoreticulars MOF-177...
3. Figure 12.3 Adsorption of p-nitrophenol solution onto functionalized MOF. ...
4. Figure 12.4 (a) Schematic diagram of static volumetric measurement; a sing...
5. Figure 12.5 (a) Schematic diagram of dynamic method; the pressurized mixtu...
6. Figure 12.6 Illustrated breathing phenomena of MIL-53. (a) Open pore after...
7. Figure 12.7 Adsorption of p-xylene by MIL-53 at open pore condition. (a) T...
Chapter 13
1. Figure 13.1 Illustration of metal organic framework with metal node and or...
2. Figure 13.2 Examples of metal ions and organic linkers used in MOF synthes...
3. Figure 13.3 Schematic of H cell for electrochemical based applications and...
4. Figure 13.4 Scheme of concept of hybrid MOF for CO₂ reduction.
5. Figure 13.5 Schematic assembly of continuous-flow ECR CO₂ reduction.
Chapter 14
1. Figure 14.1 Year wise publication status from 2006 to 2019 of various aspe...
2. Figure 14.2 (a) Main applications of MOFs as photocatalysts, and (b) perce...
3. Figure 14.3 Functionality of MOFs as photocatalysts.
4. Figure 14.4 Ligand-to-metal charge-transfer (LMCT) mechanism in MOF NH₂–MI...
5. Figure 14.5 An example of ligand-to-ligand charge transfer (LLCT) mechanis...
6. Figure 14.6 Proposed mechanism for the photocatalytic reactions over NH₂–U...
7. Figure 14.7 Dual excitation pathway for Fe-containing MOFs.
8. Figure 14.8 (a) Conventional synthesis methods of MOFs and (b) percentage ...
9. Figure 14.9 (A) UV-Vis DRS of (a) UiO-66, (b) UIO-66–NO₂, (c) UiO-66–COOH,...
10. Figure 14.10 (a) PXRD patterns of the simulated UiO-66, prepared UiO-66, a...
11. Figure 14.11 Proposed mechanism of photocatalytic CO₂ reduction to formate...
12. Figure 14.12 Proposed mechanism of photocatalytic CO₂ reduction to CO with...
13. Figure 14.13 SEM/TEM images of core–shell ZIF-67 @Co-MOF-74 material with ...
14. Figure 14.14 Photocatalytic degradation of MB under different photocatalyt...
15. Figure 14.15 (a) UV-Vis absorption spectra of the Methyl violet dye degrad...
16. Figure 14.16 A simplified model of photocatalytic reaction mechanism of MB...
17. Figure 14.17 (a) Representation of the pore channels and the doubly interp...
18. Figure 14.18 (a) Schematic illustration of pillared-layer structure of NNU...
19. Figure 14.19 Photocatalytic CO₂ reduction over two Ru-MOFs.
20. Figure 14.20 Different synthetic approaches for the preparation of MN/MOF ...
21. Figure 14.21 (a) TEM image of AgNPs@MOF-74 used in photocatalysis; (b) Com...
22. Figure 14.22 Proposed mechanism for CO₂ photocatalytic reduction on Au/PPF...
23. Figure 14.23 Scheme showing the synthesis of Cu–UiO-66 composites (a); a c...
24. Figure 14.24 Photocatalytic hydrogen production on different Pd@MOF-808 co...
25. Figure 14.25 (a) Representation of synthesis method for Pt@MIL-125/Au and ...
26. Figure 14.26 Proposed mechanism of the photocatalytic reduction of CO₂.
27. Figure 14.27 g-C₃N₄–TiO₂ composite with a high surface area.
28. Figure 14.28 PL spectra of the several CFB-MIL-125 (Ti)–NH₂ composites at ...
29. Figure 14.29 Photocurrent response of a BiOBr-MIL-125(Ti)–NH₂ composite.
30. Figure 14.30 Oxygen evolution in the water-oxidation reaction using GO-MIL...
31. Figure 14.31 fsTAS kinetic traces at 650 nm of CdS–UiO-66 composites as a ...
32. Figure 14.32 Schematic illustration of the charge-transfer pathways for Ti
33. Figure 14.33 Mechanism of H₂ evolution reaction over EY-sensitized NH₂–MIL...
34. Figure 14.34 Scheme of synthesis procedure of the MIL-101-core–Au/anatase–...

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Names: Inamuddin, 1980– editor. | Boddula, Rajender, editor. | Ahamed, Mohd Imran, editor. | Asiri, Abdullah M., editor.
Title: Applications of metal–organic frameworks and their derived materials / edited by Inamuddin, Rajender Boddula, Mohd Imran Ahamed, and Abdullah M. Asiri.
Description: Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Scrivener, 2020. | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2020015462 (print) | LCCN 2020015463 (ebook) | ISBN 9781119650980 (cloth) | ISBN 9781119651161 (adobe pdf) | ISBN 9781119650959 (epub)
Subjects: MESH: Metal–Organic Frameworks--chemistry | Nanostructures--chemistry | Biosensing Techniques
Classification: LCC QD411 (print) | LCC QD411 (ebook) | NLM QD 411 | DDC 547/.05--dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020015462
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020015463

Cover image: Kris Hackerott
Cover design by Russell Richardson

Preface

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are porous crystalline polymers constructed by metal sites and organic building blocks. Since the discovery of MOFs in the 1990s, they have received tremendous research attention for various applications due to their high surface area, controllable morphology, tunable chemical properties, and multifunctionalities. These applications include MOFs as precursors and self-sacrificing templates for synthesizing metal oxides, heteroatom-doped carbons, metal-atoms encapsulated carbons, etc. These nanomaterials present new opportunities for versatile applications such as biomedical, energy conversion and storage, catalysis, and environmental remediation, etc. Hence, awareness and knowledge about MOFs and their derived nanomaterials with conceptual understanding are essential for the advanced material community.

Applications of Metal–Organic Frameworks and Their Derived Materials aim to explore down-to-earth applications in fields such as biomedical, environmental, energy, and electronics. This book provides an overview of the structural and fundamental properties, synthesis strategies, and versatile applications of MOFs and their derived nanomaterials. It gives an updated and comprehensive account of the research in the field of MOFs and their derived nanomaterials. This book will be beneficial for graduate and postgraduate students, faculty members, and research and development specialists working in the area of inorganic chemistry and material science, and chemical engineering, as well as industry professionals and nanotechnologists. Based on thematic topics, the book contains the following 14 chapters:

Chapter 1 presents some recent progress in the sensing field of MOFs and their derived materials. Different types of sensors are outlined based on signal transduction mechanism. The present problems and future development of MOFs and their derived materials in sensing field are also reported.

Chapter 2 discusses briefly the principle of piezo/ferroelectrity and the historical developments of MOF materials applied in piezo/ferroelectric applications.

Chapter 3 briefly surveys the fabrication and functionalization strategies of MOFs and their derived materials. The effects of the construction agents, synthesis techniques, synthesis conditions, and synthesis constitutions are discussed.

Chapter 4 focuses on the use of MOFs in membrane transport having immense potential in clinical and theronaustic applications. It also focuses on the recent developments of MOF materials used in clinical and theronaustic applications.

Chapter 5 discusses the introductory idea about the structure, classification, and properties of MOFs. The major part of the chapter discusses the role of MOF as an electrocatalyst for electrochemical sensing as well as in (electro)organic reactions for organic group transformations.

Chapter 6 focuses on the development of MOFs incorporated with ionic liquid (IL) for their potential application as ion conducting composite polymer electrolyte membranes for rechargeable batteries. Interaction of IL ions with metal nodes and organic linkers of MOFs and ion transport dynamics are discussed through XPS, scanning EXAFS, XANES, and dielectric spectroscopy studies.

Chapter 7 elaborates the use of MOF-based catalysts for the synthesis of fine chemicals. It explains the catalytic effect of MOFs and MOF composites in some of the most common reactions, such as oxidation, cycloaddition, esterification, and C–C bond formation, used in the synthesis of fine chemicals.

Chapter 8 discusses unique physiochemical properties of MOF and derived materials and their application as catalysts for various types of hydrogenation reactions. It also covers the exceptional variation and intensity of MOF-based catalyst structures and their selective application in hydrogenation reaction of various compounds.

Chapter 9 discusses the use of MOFs and their derived materials as sorbents in solid phase extraction applications, including miniaturized approaches. These novel materials constitute a powerful alternative to commercial sorbents due to several outstanding properties, thus providing more selective and sensitive analysis of complex samples.

Chapter 10 discusses the medical applications of MOFs as drug carriers of cancer drugs and as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy. Additionally, the uses of MOFs as antibacterial and antifungal agents are discussed. The mechanisms of antimicrobial action of MOFs are also presented in addition to the advantages of bioMOFs.

Chapter 11 focuses on the general synthesis of MOFs and the adsorptive removal of ibuprofen, diclofenac, macroxen, and oxybenzone using MIL-100 by adopting in silico process.

Chapter 12 discusses the adsorption performance of some MOFs against volatile organic compounds (VOCs), the effect of some key features of MOF to the adsorption performance, the development of MOF composite for improvement of adsorption performance, an analytical method for modeling the adsorption, and factors influencing the adsorption performance.

Chapter 13 discusses the MOF-based materials as an electrocatalyst in diverse applications. Recent developments of MOF in energy and environmental application such as water splitting, hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen evolution reaction, carbon dioxide reduction, and electrochemical sensing are summarized.

Chapter 14 reviews recent investigations of MOF pristine and MOF composites as photocatalysts for applications of energy (hydrogen production, CO₂ conversion), and environment (degradation of organic/inorganic pollutants). MOF composites, including metals, semiconductors, and multicomponent systems are analyzed in terms of preparation methods, properties, and reaction mechanisms involved in the selected photocatalytic reactions.

Key Features

Overviews on MOFs and their derived nanomaterials/composites
Addresses a wide range of applications in organo/photo/electro catalysis, sensors, adsorption, energy conversion, and storage
Provides an understanding of MOFs and derived materials
Discusses the fundamental and solutions to the applied problems of MOFs

Editors

Inamuddin,

Rajender Boddula,

Mohd Imran Ahamed

Abdullah M. Asiri