Copyright © Carol Gilligan, Naomi Snider 2018

The right of Carol Gilligan, Naomi Snider to be identified as Author of this Work has been asserted in accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.

First published in 2018 by Polity Press

Polity Press

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Cambridge CB2 1UR, UK

Polity Press

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Medford, MA 02155, USA

All rights reserved. Except for the quotation of short passages for the purpose of criticism and review, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher.

ISBN-13: 978-1-5095-2912-4

ISBN-13: 978-1-5095-2913-1(pb)

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Names: Gilligan, Carol, 1936- author. | Snider, Naomi, author.

Title: Why does patriarchy persist? / Carol Gilligan, Naomi Snider.

Description: Cambridge, UK ; Medford, MA, USA : Polity Press, [2018] | Includes bibliographical references and index.

Identifiers: LCCN 2018004124 (print) | LCCN 2018022965 (ebook) | ISBN 9781509529155 (Epub) | ISBN 9781509529124 | ISBN 9781509529131 (pbk.)

Subjects: LCSH: Patriarchy--Psychological aspects. | Social psychology.

Classification: LCC GN479.6 (ebook) | LCC GN479.6 .G56 2018 (print) | DDC 306--dc23

LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018004124

Typeset in 11 on 14 pt Sabon

by Fakenham Prepress Solution, Fakenham, Norfolk, NR21 8NN

Printed and bound in Great Britain by Clays Ltd, Popson Street, Bungay

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This book had its inception in a seminar on resisting injustice, taught in the Fall of 2014 at the NYU School of Law. Its development was spurred by an invitation from the William Alanson White Institute to give a talk in their Fall colloquium series of 2016—a talk which as it turned out took place on the night following Trump’s election. Reading the published version of our talk, John Thompson invited us to turn it into a book. We owe an immense debt of gratitude to David Richards who co-taught the seminar on resisting injustice, to Nancy Nereo who chaired the colloquium series at White, and to John Thompson of Polity Press. In crucial ways, they encouraged and supported our collaboration.

We are profoundly grateful as well to the students whose voices inform and illuminate our discoveries. Our thanks to Adam and Jackie especially, and also to Christine and Katie for their contributions to this book. Thanks also to the members of NYU’s Radical Listening Project—Jacqueline Cruz, Jessica Eddy, Noor Jones-Bay, and Tonya Leslie for their careful reading of earlier drafts of the manuscript. Their responses challenged us to think through more clearly many of the issues we raise. To Noor especially, our gratitude for her insights on the intersections of race and gender. To Ursula Diamond, Blythe Hawthorne-Loizeaux, and Dana Karin, our thanks for their responses to earlier phases of this work. Special thanks to Vice Provost Linda Mills. And to Beth Nash, special gratitude for her support of this project.

Our appreciation to Miri Abramis, Phillip Blumberg, Eugenio Duarte, Susan Fabrick, Sharon Kofman, Sue Kolod, Ruth Livingston, Gary Schlesinger, and Sarah Stemp of the White Institute for their contributions to this work. Our thanks to Tina Packer, Tova Hartman, Donna Kirshbaum, and Rachel Kadish, to Danielle Knafo, Beth Feldman, B. J. Cling, Judy Warren and Wendy Miller, and to Tracy Sidesinger, Tatyana Liskovich, and Schuyler Hunt—their responses to manuscript drafts were immensely helpful to us at various stages along the way. Special thanks to our readers for Polity Press for their wise suggestions.

Naomi wishes to thank Ruth Imber and James Phillips for listening, Elio Viglione for pushing her to places she had dared not go before, and Rachel Snider and Helen Snider for their constancy and love. She will always be grateful to her teachers—Carol and David Richards—for hearing and encouraging her protesting voice when it was just a whisper. Carol wishes to thank Dean Trevor Morrison for his support of this project in its early stages, and Peter Freedberger for his thoughtful assistance. She wants to thank John Thompson for his discerning eye and ongoing encouragement, and Jim Gilligan for being the ear she relies on.