Gregory S. Aldrete is the Frankenthal Professor of History and Humanistic Studies at the University of Wisconsin‐Green Bay. He is the author of Reconstructing Ancient Linen Body Armor: Unraveling the Linothorax Mystery (with S. Bartell and A. Aldrete, 2013), The Long Shadow of Antiquity: What Have the Greeks and Romans Done for Us? (with A. Aldrete, 2012), Daily Life in the Roman City: Rome, Pompeii, and Ostia (2009), Floods of the Tiber in Ancient Rome (2007), and Gestures and Acclamations in Ancient Rome (1999), and is the editor of The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Daily Life Volume I: The Ancient World (2004).

Leanne Bablitz is Professor of Roman History at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver. She is the author of Actors and Audience in the Roman Courtroom (2007), as well as numerous articles on Roman law and social history.

Barbara E. Borg is Professor of Classical Archaeology at the University of Exeter. She has published widely on Greek and Roman art and archaeology. Her most recent publications include Crisis and Ambition: Tombs and Burial Customs in Third‐Century CE Rome (2013) and her edited Blackwell Companion to Roman Art (2015). She is currently working on a Leverhulme‐funded micro‐history of a small part of the Roman suburbium from the first century BCE to the fourth century CE.

Andrew Burnett was Deputy Director of the British Museum. He is the author of Coinage in the Roman World (1987, reprinted 2004) and, with colleagues, of Roman Provincial Coinage (1992–continuing).

Amanda Claridge is Emeritus Professor of Roman Archaeology in the Department of Classics at Royal Holloway University of London. She has also taught at the University of Oxford and Princeton University and was Assistant Director of the British School at Rome from 1980 to 1994. Her publications include Rome: An Oxford Archaeological Guide (2nd edition, 2010) and many articles on Roman art, archaeology, architecture and topography.

Jon Coulston is Lecturer in Ancient History and Archaeology in the School of Classics, University of St. Andrews. He achieved a doctorate on the subject of Trajan's Column from the University of Newcastle‐upon‐Tyne. His publications concentrate on the Roman army, especially iconography and military equipment, Roman sculpture in Rome and the provinces, and on the archaeology of the city of Rome. With Mike Bishop he is the author of Roman Military Equipment (2006), and with Hazel Dodge he is the editor of Ancient Rome. The Archaeology of the Eternal City (2000).

Brian A. Curran was Professor of Art History at Pennsylvania State University. He was the author of The Egyptian Renaissance (2007) and co‐author (with Anthony Grafton, Pamela Long, and Benjamin Weiss) of Obelisk: A History (2009). He died in 2017.

John Curran is Senior Lecturer in Romano‐Jewish Relations at The Queen’s University of Belfast. He is the author of Pagan City and Christian Capital: Rome in the Fourth Century (2000) as well as recent studies of Roman Judaea and the family of Herod the Great. He is currently working on a study of Rome’s relations with the Jews of Judaea from 63 BCE to the fall of Jerusalem in 70 CE.

Monica S. Cyrino is Professor of Classics at the University of New Mexico. Her research focuses on the representation of classical antiquity in popular entertainment media. She is the author of Big Screen Rome (2005) and Aphrodite (2010), and the editor of Rome, Season One: History Makes Television (2008), Screening Love and Sex in the Ancient World (2013), and Rome, Season Two: Trial and Triumph (2015). She has served as an academic consultant on several recent film and television productions.

Janet DeLaine was Associate Professor of Roman Archaeology at the University of Oxford, and is now Emeritus Fellow of Wolfson College, Oxford. Her research focuses on Roman architecture and urbanism in the Mediterranean, especially the Roman building industry, Roman baths, and the urban development of Ostia.

Harry B. Evans is Professor Emeritus of Classics at Fordham University. He is the author of Water Distribution in Ancient Rome: The Evidence of Frontinus (1994); Aqueduct Hunting in the Seventeenth Century: Raffaello Fabretti’s De aquis et aquaeductibus veteris Romae (2002); and Exploring the Kingdom of Saturn: Kircher’s Latium and Its Legacy (2012), as well as articles on Roman topography and Latin literature.

Diane Favro is Professor Emeritus of Architecture and Urban Design at UCLA. She is author of The Urban Image of Augustan Rome (1998) and articles on research applications of digital simulations and women in architecture, and co‐author of a forthcoming book on Roman architecture and urbanism. She served as President of the Society of Architectural Historians and is the 2017–18 Samuel H. Kress Professor at the Center for Advanced Studies in the Visual Arts at the National Gallery of Art in Washington DC.

Richard Flower is Senior Lecturer in Classics and Ancient History at the University of Exeter. His main research interests lie in the field of Late Antiquity, focusing on the construction of authority, especially in rhetorical texts and encyclopedic literature. He is the author of Emperors and Bishops in Late Roman Invective (2013) and, together with Christopher Kelly and Michael Stuart Williams, he edited Unclassical Traditions I: Alternatives to the Classical Past in Late Antiquity (2010) and Unclassical Traditions II: Perspectives from East and West in Late Antiquity (2011).

Giovanni Geraci is ordinary (full) professor of Roman History and Papyrology in the University of Bologna. His main research field is history of the political, administrative and economic systems, institutions, and structures of the Hellenistic and Roman world, with particular focus on Hellenistic, Roman, and Late Antique Egypt. He has also published critical editions of both Greek and Latin inscriptions and of Greek papyri of the Hellenistic, Roman, and Late Antique age. He is Director and General Editor of scientific periodicals and a series on relevant aspects of the study of administrative patterns and structures of the ancient world. He is a member of international research groups on supply of corn and on its preservation and storage systems in the Mediterranean countries from antiquity to modern times.

Penelope J. Goodman is Senior Lecturer in Roman History at the University of Leeds. She has a particular interest in the spatial characteristics of Roman urbanism. Her first monograph, The Roman City and its Periphery: from Rome to Gaul (2007), explored the demarcation of Roman urban centers and the uses of space just beyond their boundaries. She has also published articles on the locations of temples in Roman Gaul and Britain, the peripheries of Italian cities, and the spatial distribution of Roman urban industry.

Claire Holleran is Senior Lecturer in Classics and Ancient History at the University of Exeter. She is the author of Shopping in Ancient Rome: the Retail Trade in the Late Republic and the Principate (2012), and co‐editor of Demography and the Graeco‐Roman World. New Insights and Approaches (2011) with April Pudsey, and Diet and Nutrition in the Roman World (forthcoming) with Paul Erdkamp.

Valerie M. Hope is a Senior Lecturer in Classical Studies at the Open University. She is the author of Constructing Identity: The Funerary Monuments of Aquileia, Mainz and Nîmes (2001); Death in Ancient Rome: A Sourcebook (2007); and Roman Death (2009), as well as articles on the commemoration of Roman soldiers and gladiators, and Roman mourning rituals. She also co‐edited Death and Disease in the Ancient City (2000), Memory and Mourning: Studies on Roman Death (2011), and War as Spectacle. Ancient and Modern Perspectives on the Display of Armed Conflict (2015).

Dennis Kehoe is professor in the Department of Classical Studies and the Andrew W. Mellon Professor in the Humanities (2010–2013) at Tulane University in New Orleans, Louisiana. His research interests focus on the role of law and legal institutions in the ancient economy, particularly in the Roman Empire.

Maria Kneafsey has recently submitted her PhD thesis at the University of Exeter. Her doctoral work traced the development of Rome's city boundaries between the third and sixth centuries CE through an examination of the art, archaeology, and text of the late antique city.

Elio Lo Cascio is Professor of Roman History at Sapienza Università di Roma. His main areas of research are the institutional, administrative and economic history of Rome, and Roman population history. His publications include Il princeps e il suo impero. Studi di storia amministrativa e finanziaria romana (2000); Crescita e declino. Studi di storia dell’economia romana (2009); and the edited volumes Roma imperiale. Una metropoli antica (2000); Production and public powers in antiquity (2000, with D.W. Rathbone); L’impatto della “peste antonina” (2012).

J. Bert Lott is the Matthew Vassar, Jr. Professor of Greek and Roman Studies at Vassar College in Poughkeepsie, New York. He is the author of The Neighborhoods of Augustan Rome and Death and Dynasty in Early Imperial Rome.

Matthew Nicholls is Associate Professor of Classics at the University of Reading, having held a Junior Research Fellowship at the Queen’s College, Oxford. He has written a number of articles on Roman libraries and related subjects, including the recently discovered Peri Alupias of Galen. He is also interested in digital reconstruction of ancient buildings; his detailed digital model of ancient Rome is the basis of a free online course (or ‘MOOC’) taken by approximately 20,000 learners around the world so far. His popular work includes the books 30‐Second Ancient Rome and 30‐Second Ancient Greece for Ivy Press.

David Noy is the author of Foreigners at Rome (2000), several volumes of Jewish inscriptions, and a number of articles on Roman life and death. He is currently working on a study of Roman deathbeds. He is an Honorary Associate in the Arts Faculty, Open University.

Borden Painter is Professor of History, Emeritus, at Trinity College (Connecticut) where he taught European history for forty years. His book Mussolini’s Rome: Rebuilding the Eternal City was published in 2005.

John R. Patterson is University Senior Lecturer in Classics at the University of Cambridge. He is the author of Political Life in the City of Rome (2000), and Landscapes and Cities: Rural Settlement and Civic Transformation in Early Imperial Italy (2006), and has reviewed recent publications on the city of Rome in Journal of Roman Studies 82 (1992), 186–215 and 100 (2010), 210–32. He is currently working on a book on the city of Rome for Wiley‐Blackwell.

Elizabeth H. Pearson is an independent scholar who researches Roman Republican institutional and military topics. She completed her thesis, entitled “The Development of Army Administration in the Roman Republic,” at the University of Manchester in 2016.

Hannah Platts is a lecturer in Ancient History and Archaeology at Royal Holloway, University of London. She is currently completing a book on Roman housing for I.B.Tauris, and a second book on Roman villas for Routledge, and has published numerous articles on housing and related subjects. She is also currently co‐investigator on an AHRC‐sponsored project on housing in Roman Britain.

David Potter is Francis W. Kelsey Collegiate Professor of Greek and Roman History, Arthur F. Thurnau Professor and Professor of Greek and Latin at the University of Michigan, where he has taught since 1986. His recent books include The Victor's Crown: A History of Sport from Homer to Byzantium (2011); Constantine the Emperor (2012) and Theodora: Actress, Empress, Saint (2014).

Boris Rankov is Professor of Ancient History and Head of Classics at Royal Holloway, University of London. He has published widely on the epigraphy of the Roman army and is the author (with N.J.E. Austin) of Exploratio. Military and Political Intelligence in the Roman World (1995), (with J.S. Morrison and J.F. Coates) of The Athenian Trireme. The History and Reconstruction of an Ancient Greek Warship (2000), and (with D.J. Blackman et al.) of Shipsheds of the Ancient Mediterranean (2013). He is also an Associate Editor of The Encyclopedia of the Roman Army (2015).

Candace M. Rice is Assistant Professor of Mediterranean Archaeology at the University of Alberta, Canada. Prior to her appointment at Alberta, she was a Lecturer at the University of Edinburgh and a Senior Fellow at Koç University’s Research Center for Anatolian Civilizations. Her research focuses on Roman maritime trade and economic development and her publications include articles on Mediterranean ports, shipwreck cargoes and trading patterns, merchant communities, and Roman villas (from pottery to mosaics).

Jörg Rüpke is Permanent Fellow in Religious Studies and Co‐director of the Max Weber Center for Cultural and Social Studies at the University of Erfurt, Germany. He is director of research groups on “Religious Individualization in Historical Perspective” and “Resonant Self–World Relations in Ancient and Modern Socio‐Religious Practices.” His research interests are in the history of religion of the ancient Mediterranean and the historiography of Religious Studies. With Wiley‐Blackwell he edited companions on Roman religion and (together with Rubina Raja) the archaeology of religion in the ancient world, and is author of On Roman Religion (2016) and Pantheon: A New History of Roman Religion (2018).

Christopher Smith is Professor of Ancient History at the University of St. Andrews. He was Director of the British School at Rome from 2009 to 2017. He is author of Early Rome and Latium c 1000 to 500 BC: Economy and Society (1996), and other works on central Italy in the archaic period.

Diana Spencer is Professor of Classics at the University of Birmingham. She has published on a range of topics relating to cultural identity in ancient Rome, including Roman reception of Alexander the Great (The Roman Alexander: Reading a Cultural Myth (2002)). More recently, her work on topography and identity has resulted in The Sites of Rome: Time, Space, Memory (co‐edited with David H.J. Larmour (2007)), Roman Landscape: Culture and Identity (2010), and Varro’s Guide to Being Roman: Reading de Lingua Latina (forthcoming).

Geoffrey S. Sumi is Professor of Classics at Mount Holyoke College, Massachusetts. He is the author of Ceremony and Power. Performing Politics in Rome between Republic and Empire (2005) as well as articles that analyze the intersection of ceremony, ideology and topography in Rome.

Laurens E. Tacoma is Lecturer in Ancient History at the Department of History at Leiden University, The Netherlands. His field of interest is the social and economic history of the Roman world, with an emphasis on the first three centuries CE. In 2006 he published Fragile Hierarchies, a monograph on the urban elites of third‐century Roman Egypt. His subsequent research has been devoted to Roman migration. His monograph Moving Romans. Migration to the city of Rome has appeared with Oxford University Press in 2016, and he is the co‐editor of two volumes of essays on Roman migration that have appeared in 2016 and 2017 with Brill, Leiden. New research focuses on Roman political culture.

Pier Luigi Tucci was Assistant Professor of Roman Art and Architecture in the Department of History of Art, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore from 2010–2018. He has also held posts at the Scuola Normale Superiore of Pisa, the Istituto Italiano per gli Studi Filosofici in Naples, and at Royal Holloway University and Exeter University in the UK. His research interests cross the boundaries between classics and archaeology and include Late Antiquity, the middle ages and the Renaissance.

T.P. Wiseman is Emeritus Professor of Classics and Ancient History at the University of Exeter. His books include Remus: A Roman Myth (1995), The Myths of Rome (2004), which won the American Philological Association's Goodwin Award of Merit, Unwritten Rome (2008), Remembering the Roman People (2009) and The Roman Audience (2015).

This volume was first conceived in 2008 to provide a comprehensive and authoritative guide to current research on the development of the city of Rome from its legendary foundations as a settlement on the banks of the Tiber down to late antiquity. Fresh discoveries and innovative approaches have in recent years transformed our traditional picture of the city of Rome, and the intention was to produce a one‐volume overview of new developments in the field, integrating the latest archaeological, topographical, and historical evidence to address aspects of the physical structure of the city and the lives of its inhabitants. It is aimed at undergraduate and postgraduate students, but is also intended to be appealing and accessible to general readers.

The volume is divided into ten thematic sections and all chapters are carefully focused on the city of Rome. The opening section discusses the source material available for the study of Rome, with leading experts in their fields addressing approaches to the archaeological, written, epigraphic, and numismatic material. Readers are also introduced to the marble plans of the city, and an essay tracing the history of Rome places the rest of the chapters into their wider historical context. The remaining sections all deal with a different aspect of the city, with original essays exploring central issues such as Rome’s evolving urban landscape and fabric, the size and composition of the population, the development of urban infrastructure, the experiences of living and dying in the city, the local economy, civic life, including religion, law, entertainment, and politics, and the staging and commemoration of the local Roman triumph. A final series of essays examine the changing reception of ancient Rome from antiquity through to the present day. Extensive cross‐referencing between chapters is intended to encourage readers to note the connections between different topics, and a guide to further reading is provided at the end of each chapter to enable further exploration of key issues in more depth.

This volume has been a long time in the making, and the editors would like to thank all the contributors for their heroic patience, especially those who initially submitted their chapters some years ago; your continued understanding and good humor throughout has been much appreciated. It is with great regret that we note Brian A. Curran, who generously contributed a chapter on the “discovery” of ancient Rome in the Renaissance, sadly passed away before the companion went to press. Finally, we would also like to thank the editorial team at Wiley‐Blackwell, and Clare Berrisford, a student intern at the University of Exeter, who provided invaluable help with copy‐editing and proof‐reading.

The abbreviations used in this volume for ancient authors and their works, as well as for collections of inscriptions, are as given in The Oxford Classical Dictionary (online edition), wherever possible. Abbreviations of journals may be found in L’Année philologique. Additional abbreviations are given below.

Chrest. Wilck. – U. Wilcken, Grundzüge und Chrestomathie der Papyruskunde. Leipzig‐Berlin: Teubner, 1912.

CIG – Corpus Inscriptionum Graecarum, 4 vols. Berlin, 1825–77.

ICUR – Inscriptiones Christianae Urbis Romae, Rome, 1922–

IGUR – L. Moretti, Inscriptiones Graecae Urbis Romae, 4 vols. Rome: Istituto italiano per la storia antica, 1968–90.

IvE – Die Inschriften von Ephesos. 8 vols. Bonn: Rodolf Habet, 1978‐1984.

LTURS – A. La Regina et al. (eds.), Lexicon Topographicum Urbis Romae Suburbium, 6 vols. Rome: Edizioni Quasar, 2001–2013.

MAR ‐ L. Haselberger et al. Mapping Augustan Rome [JRA suppl. 50]. Portsmouth, RI: Journal of Roman Archaeology, 2002.

Sel. Pap. – Select Papyri, 3 vols. Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1932–1941.

Tab. Herac. – Tabula Heracleensis. M. Crawford, Roman Statutes I. London: Institute of Classical Studies, 1996, 355–91, No. 24.

TPSulp. – G. Camodeca, Tabulae Pompeianae Sulpiciorum (TPSulp): Edizione critica dell' archivio puteolano dei Sulpicii. Rome: Quasar, 1999.