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Cover
Title page
Copyright
Foreword
Glossary
Code of estimating and tendering practice – principles and proceduresMarch 2018
Foreword
1. Introduction and scope
2. Procurement
3. e‐Procurement
4. Pre‐qualification
5. Types of tender
6. The decision to tender
7. Tender documents
8. Bid preparation and pricing
9. The tender
10. Bid timetable
11. Enquiry documents to specialty constructors/suppliers
12. Risks
13. Qualifying the tender
14. Bid submission and evaluation
15. Errors and Omissions in the tender
Section One: Principles – the theory and background
1. Chapter 1: Introduction
  1. 1.1 An imprecise science
  2. 1.2 Data, information, and knowledge in estimating
  3. 1.3 Experience, instinct, gut feel, intuition and bias
  4. 1.4 Optimism bias
2. Chapter 2: The Fundamentals
  1. 2.1 Tender and bid
  2. 2.2 Pricing
  3. 2.3 Profitability
  4. 2.4 Types of tender
  5. 2.5 Tender award
  6. 2.6 The difference between procurement and tendering
  7. 2.7 Methods of procurement
3. Chapter 3: Changes driving estimating practice
  1. 3.1 Digitisation
  2. 3.2 E‐Tendering
  3. 3.3 Legislation and taxation
  4. 3.4 Bureaucracy
  5. 3.5 Competition and winning work
  6. 3.6 Specialisation
  7. 3.7 New technologies and off‐site production
  8. 3.8 New methods of procurement
  9. 3.9 Best value
4. Chapter 4: The bid process
  1. 4.1 Work breakdown structure
  2. 4.2 Underlying principles
  3. Qualifying the tender
5. Chapter 5: Health and safety
  1. 5.1 Introduction
  2. 5.2 Estimating the cost of health and safety
6. Chapter 6: The pre‐qualification process
  1. 6.1 Introduction
  2. 6.2 Bidding for public sector projects
7. Chapter 7: Procurement, selection, contractual arrangements and legal issues
  1. 7.1 Methods of procurement
  2. 7.2 Two‐stage tendering
  3. 7.9 Selection processes
  4. 7.10 Integrated design and construction
  5. 7.11 E‐procurement
  6. 7.12 E‐auctions
  7. 7.13 Abnormally low tenders
8. Chapter 8: Preliminaries
  1. 8.1 Site establishment
  2. 8.2 Insurances, bonds and so on
  3. 8.3 Site records
  4. 8.4 Fees and charges
  5. 8.5 Compliance
  6. 8.6 Environmental management
  7. 8.7 Wastewater treatment system
  8. 8.8 Waste management
  9. 8.9 Waste disposal, sorting and storage
  10. 8.10 Setting out
  11. 8.11 Control and protection
  12. 8.12 Completion and post‐completion requirements
  13. 8.13 Contingencies
  14. 8.14 Management and staff
9. Chapter 9: Temporary Works
  1. 9.1 Introduction
  2. 9.2 Temporary works management
  3. 9.3 Temporary works co‐ordinator (TWC)
  4. 9.4 Temporary works supervisor
  5. 9.5 Temporary works register
  6. 9.6 Temporary works design brief
  7. 9.7 Scaffolding
  8. 9.8 Falsework
  9. 9.9 Formwork
  10. 9.10 Earthworks
  11. 9.11 Temporary services
  12. 9.12 Façade retention
  13. 9.13 Structures – design and loading
  14. 9.14 Plant foundations
  15. 9.15 Protection on‐site
  16. 9.16 Traffic management
  17. 9.17 Temporary access for vehicles and pedestrians
  18. 9.18 Barriers for pedestrians and vehicles
  19. 9.19 Haul roads
  20. 9.20 Works associated with any ordnance uncovered
  21. 9.21 Signage
  22. 9.22 Protection of adjacent properties
10. Chapter 10: Cost‐estimating techniques
  1. Analytical/composite unit rate estimating
  2. 10.1 Approximate quantities
  3. 10.2 Cost planning
11. Chapter 11: Private finance initiative/public–private partnerships/build, operate and transfer, and whole‐life costing
12. Chapter 12: Risk management
  1. 12.1 Background
  2. 12.2 Risk analysis
  3. 12.3 Cost estimating accuracy
13. Chapter 13: Logistics
  1. 13.1 Materials logistics plan
  2. 13.2 Materials management
  3. 13.3 Personnel management and health and safety
  4. 13.4 Plant, tools and equipment – maintenance and management
  5. 13.5 Transportation
  6. 13.6 Traffic management
14. Chapter 14: Resource and production planning
  1. 14.1 Planning techniques
  2. 14.2 Resource planning
  3. 14.3 Time – its perception and impact on the estimating process
15. Chapter 15: Computer‐aided cost estimating
16. Chapter 16: BIM and the estimating process
  1. 16.1 Overview
Section Two: Processes – the practice
1. Chapter 1: Consider and assess
  1. 1.1 Receive preliminary enquiry
  2. 1.2 Consider order backlog/new orders
  3. 1.3 Decision to tender (bid or no bid)
  4. 1.4 Project information, schedule and questionnaire
  5. 1.5 Consider client and consultant team and project delivery availability
  6. 1.6 Assessment criteria – lowest price/quality and so on
  7. 1.7 The likely competition
2. Chapter 2: Information and time planning
  1. 2.1 Works specialty/works contractor enquiries
  2. 2.2 The bid team
  3. 2.3 Produce bid timetable/strategy
  4. 2.4 Examine documents – contract, design, bonds, warranties and insurance
  5. 2.5 Site visit – utilities, ground conditions, adjacent properties and so on
  6. 2.6 Method statement/logistics plan
3. Chapter 3: Contract terms and conditions
  1. 3.1 Special employer requirements and modifications to standard clauses
4. Chapter 4: Resource planning and pricing
  1. 4.1 Pricing the works
  2. 4.2 Establish unit rates – labour and plant
  3. 4.3 Establish unit rates – labour, materials and plant
  4. Apprenticeship Levy 2017
  5. 4.4 Labour cost issues – a summary
  6. 4.5 Build‐up unit rates
  7. 4.6 Gang sizes for activities
  8. 4.7 Allocation of costs
  9. 4.8 All‐in rates for plant and equipment
  10. 4.9 Select materials and specialty contractors’ quotations
  11. 4.10 Specialty contractor quotations
  12. 4.11 Provisional sums – defined and undefined
  13. 4.13 Daywork
  14. 4.14 Pricing the preliminaries
  15. 4.15 Add allowances
5. Chapter 5: Prepare estimator’s report
6. Chapter 6: Examine and consider
  1. 6.1 Examine preliminaries
  2. 6.2 Requests for further information
  3. 6.3 Examine method and tender programme
  4. 6.4 Examine resource costs
  5. 6.5 Consider the competition for the project in the market
  6. 6.6 Consider cash flow and capital requirements for the project
7. Chapter 7: Bid assembly and adjudication
  1. 7.1 Finalise the pricing
  2. 7.2 Bid adjudication/final review
  3. 7.3 Qualification of any special items of tender
8. Chapter 8: Pre‐production planning and processes
  1. 8.1 Develop a detailed method statement
  2. 8.2 Develop production planning schedule
  3. 8.3 Allocate resources
  4. 8.4 Obtain licences and so on from local authority and utilities organisation
  5. 8.5 Ordering of long lead‐time materials, plant and equipment
  6. 8.6 Request for further information from consultants and specialty contractors
  7. 8.7 Pre‐production schedule prior to work commencement
  8. 8.8 Check conditions of contract award
9. Chapter 9: Site production
  1. 9.1 Pricing change and variation orders
  2. 9.2 Appointment of specialist contractors
  3. 9.3 Estimating and pricing contractual claims
  4. 9.4 Production of final account
  5. 9.5 Cost–value reconciliation
Bibliography and References
Index
End User License Agreement

List of Tables

Chapter 5: Health and safety
1. Table 5.1 Categories of health and safety costs and their components.
Chapter 6: The pre‐qualification process
1. Table 6.1 Example of a checklist for PAS 91 process – to be compiled by the bid team.
Chapter: Preliminaries
1. Table 8.1 Example of a checklist for WRAP’s Net Waste Tool.
2. Table 8.2 Surveying and setting out tools and equipment.
3. Table 8.3 Contingency estimating methods.
Chapter 9: Temporary Works
1. Table 9.1 The different levels of risk in temporary works.
2. Table 9.2 Categories of design check (BS 5975).
3. Table 9.3 The scaffold structures needing a bespoke design.
4. Table 9.4 Soil properties – bulking and shrinking.
Chapter 14: Resource and production planning
1. Table 14.1 A checklist of items to be considered when designing the schedule.
Chapter 1: Consider and assess
1. Table 1.1 The factors considered by the contractor in the decision to tender.
Chapter 2: Information and time planning
1. Table 2.1 Points to be considered on a site visit.
Chapter 3: Contract terms and conditions
1. Table 3.1 The contracts most commonly used in the UK.
Chapter 4: Resource planning and pricing
1. Table 4.1 Rates per hour and per week – CIJC rates valid from July 2017.
2. Table 4.2 Gang sizes with the relevant production and unit rates.
3. Table 4.3 Decisions when considering plant costs.
4. Table 4.4 Allowances to be made in establishing plant costs.
5. Table 4.5 General attendance facilities.
6. Table 4.6 The impact on different activities in a range of weather conditions.

List of Illustrations

Chapter 1: Introduction
1. Figure 1.1 The interpretation of probability‐related terms.
Chapter 4: The bid process
1. Figure 4.1 The estimating honeycomb.
Chapter 5: Health and safety
1. Figure 5.1 CDM (2015) regulations.
2. Figure 5.2 The hierarchy in CDM (2015).
Chapter 6: The pre‐qualification process
1. Figure 6.1 The flowcharts for the restricted and competitive dialogue procedures.
2. Figure 6.2 The criteria considered in a PQQ.
Chapter 7: Procurement, selection, contractual arrangements and legal issues
1. Figure 7.1 The procurement honeycomb.
2. Figure 7.2 Procurement routes.
3. Figure 7.3 The different types of concession contracts.
4. Figure 7.4 The apportionment of risk for different procurement types.
5. Figure 7.5 The different types of concessions and their level of contractor/public sector risk.
Chapter 8: Preliminaries
1. Figure 8.1 The preliminaries honeycomb.
2. Figure 8.2 Breakdown of the preliminaries.
3. Figure 8.3 The site establishment honeycomb.
4. Figure 8.4 Ecology species assessment calendar.
5. Figure 8.5 An example of an SWMP data sheet.
6. Figure 8.6 The three stages of the SMART Waste plan.
7. Figure 8.7 The management and staff honeycomb.
Chapter 9: Temporary Works
1. Figure 9.1 The temporary works honeycomb.
2. Figure 9.2 An example of a TW design brief.
3. Figure 9.3 An example TW design certificate.
4. Figure 9.4 An example TW design check certificate.
5. Figure 9.5 A generator providing a temporary electrical supply.
Chapter 10: Cost‐estimating techniques
1. Figure 10.1 The different methods of estimating.
2. Figure 10.2 An example of cost plan estimating.
3. Figure 10.3 Stages in the pre‐contract phase of a construction project.
4. Figure 10.4 An example of a concept design capital cost plan (m² method).
5. Figure 10.5 A top‐down design‐to‐cost plan.
6. Figure 10.6 A typical design‐to‐cost report.
Chapter 12: Risk management
1. Figure 12.1 Risk matrix.
2. Figure 12.2 The four steps to risk management.
3. Figure 12.3 The process of ‘feeding’ the risk register and updating it.
4. Figure 12.4 The estimating funnel.
Chapter 13: Logistics
1. Figure 13.1 The key logistics process areas.
2. Figure 13.2 The logistics honeycomb.
3. Figure 13.3 Construction logistics plan.
Chapter 14: Resource and production planning
1. Figure 14.1 An example of a network diagram.
Chapter 1: Consider and assess
1. Figure 1.1 Overview of the factors involved in the decision to tender.
Chapter 2: Information and time planning
1. Figure 2.1 The interdependency between contractors and specialty contractors.
2. Figure 2.2 Method statement template – an example.
Chapter 4: Resource planning and pricing
1. Figure 4.1 The cost build‐up.
2. Figure 4.2 The pricing honeycomb.
3. Figure 4.3 The services offered by the UK Met Office.
4. Figure 4.4 An example of a location‐based report.
5. Figure 4.5 An example of a station‐based downtime summary.

This edition first published 2018

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