Volume 1 and 2
This edition first published 2017
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Wong, Yiu-chung, 1961- editor. | Lewis, Richard J., editor.
Title: Analysis of food toxins and toxicants / edited by Yiu-chung Wong and Richard J. Lewis.
Description: Chichester, UK ; Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley & Sons, 2017. | Includes index. | Description based on print version record and CIP data provided by publisher; resource not viewed.
Identifiers: LCCN 2017007277 (print) | LCCN 2017011579 (ebook) | ISBN 9781118992715 (Adobe PDF) | ISBN 9781118992708 (ePub) | ISBN 9781118992722 (cloth)
Subjects: LCSH: Food–Safety measures. | Food–Risk assessment. | Food–Toxicology.
Classification: LCC TX531 (ebook) | LCC TX531 .A523 2017 (print) | DDC 664/.07–dc23LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017007277
Cover Design: Wiley
Cover Images: (background) © Jong-Won Heo/Gettyimages
(image insets) Courtesy of Yiu-chung Wong
Amparo Alfonso
Department of Pharmacology
Veterinary Faculty
Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
Lugo
Spain
Gregor Anderluh
Department of Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology
National Institute of Chemistry
Ljubljana
Slovenia
Natalia Arroyo-Manzanares
Department of Analytical Chemistry
Faculty of Sciences
University of Granada
Granada
Spain
Till Beuerle
Technische Universität Braunschweig
Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology
Lower Saxony
Germany
Ana M. Botana
Department of Analytical Chemistry
Sciences Faculty
Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
Lugo
Spain
Luis M. Botana
Department of Pharmacology
Veterinary Faculty
Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
Lugo
Spain
Peter A. Brown
Norwich
Norfolk
United Kingdom
Stephen Burrell
Marine Institute
Rinville
Oranmore
County Galway
Ireland
and
School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Dublin Institute of Technology
Dublin
Ireland
Gaelle Catanante
Biocapteurs-Analyses-Environnement
Universite de Perpignan Via Domitia
Perpignan
France
Pui-kwan Chan
Analytical and Advisory Services Division
Government Laboratory
Hong Kong
Joanne Sheot Harn Chan
Food Safety Laboratory
Applied Sciences Group
Health Sciences Authority
Singapore
Samuel Tsz-chun Cheung
Analytical and Advisory Services Division
Government Laboratory
Hong Kong
Winnie Wing-yan Chum
Analytical and Advisory Services Division
Government Laboratory
Hong Kong
Colin Crews
Fera Science Ltd
York
United Kingdom
Jonathan R. Deeds
Office of Regulatory Science
FDA Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition
College Park, MD
USA
Martin Danaher
Food Safety Department
Teagasc Food Research Centre
Ashtown
Dublin
Ireland
Michael Ellisor
Chemical Sciences Division
National Institute of Standards and Technology
Charleston, SC
USA
María Luisa Fernández-de Córdova
Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry
Faculty of Experimental Sciences
University of Jaén
Campus Las Lagunillas
Jaén
Spain
Pasquale Ferranti
Department of Agriculture
University of Naples Federico II
Parco Gussone
Naples
Italy
and
Institute of Food Science and Technology
National Council of Research
Avellino
Italy
Ambrose Furey
Mass Spectrometry Group (MSG)
Department of Physical Sciences
Cork Institute of Technology (CIT)
Cork
Ireland
Monica Gallo
Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology
University of Naples Federico II
Naples
Italy
Laura Gámiz-Gracia
Department of Analytical Chemistry
Faculty of Sciences
University of Granada
Granada
Spain
Ana M. García-Campaña
Department of Analytical Chemistry
Faculty of Sciences
University of Granada
Granada
Spain
Arjen Gerssen
RIKILT Institute of Food Safety
Wageningen University and Research Centre
Wageningen
The Netherlands
Caroline T. Griffin
Mass Spectrometry Group (MSG)
Department of Physical Sciences
Cork Institute of Technology (CIT)
Cork
Ireland
M. Hazel Gowland
Allergy Action
St. Albans
Hertfordshire
United Kingdom
Wai-yan Ha
Analytical and Advisory Services Division
Government Laboratory
Hong Kong
Akhtar Hayat
Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM)
COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
Lahore
Pakistan
and
Biocapteurs-Analyses-Environnement
Universite de Perpignan Via Domitia
Perpignan
France
Vesna Hodnik
Department of Biology
Biotechnical Faculty
University of Ljubljana
Ljubljana
Slovenia
Xiaofeng Hu
Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese
Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Wuhan
China
and
Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins
Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Oilseeds Products
Ministry of Agriculture
Wuhan
China
José F. Huertas-Pérez
Department of Analytical Chemistry
Faculty of Sciences
University of Granada
Granada
Spain
Marco Inserra
Institute for Molecular Bioscience
The University of Queensland
Queensland
Australia
and
School of Pharmacy
The University of Queensland
Queensland
Australia
Takeshi Ito
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Kansai University
Osaka
Japan
Alun Jones
Institute for Molecular Bioscience
The University of Queensland
Queensland
Australia
Akbar S. Khan
Chemical Biological Directorate
Defense Threat Reduction Agency
Fort Belvoir, Virginia
USA
Mirjam D. Klijnstra
RIKILT Institute of Food Safety
Wageningen University and Research Centre
Wageningen
The Netherlands
Yelena Lavrukhina
Institute for Molecular Bioscience
The University of Queensland
Queensland
Australia
Tin-yau Law
Analytical and Advisory Services Division
Government Laboratory
Hong Kong
Richard J. Lewis
Institute for Molecular Bioscience
The University of Queensland
Queensland
Australia
Angela Li
Food Safety Laboratory
Applied Sciences Group
Health Sciences Authority
Singapore
Peiwu Li
Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese
Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Wuhan
China
and
Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic
Improvement of Oil Crops
Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins
Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Oilseeds Products
Ministry of Agriculture
Wuhan
China
Chee Wei Lim
Food Safety Laboratory
Applied Sciences Group
Health Sciences Authority
Singapore
Eulogio J. Llorent-Martínez
Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry
Faculty of Experimental Sciences
University of Jaén
Campus Las Lagunillas
Jaén
Spain
Stephen E. Long
Chemical Sciences Division
National Institute of Standards and Technology
Charleston, SC
USA
M. Carmen Louzao
Department of Pharmacology
Veterinary Faculty
Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
Lugo
Spain
Sameeh A. Mansour
Environmental Toxicology Research Unit (ETRU)
Pesticide Chemistry Department
National Research Centre
Giza, Cairo
Egypt
Angel Maquieira
Instituto interuniversitario de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico
Departamento de Química
Universitat Politècnica de València
Valencia
Spain
Jean-Louis Marty
Biocapteurs-Analyses-Environnement
Université de Perpignan Via Domitia
Perpignan
France
Sara C. McGrath
Office of Regulatory Science
FDA Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition
College Park, MD
USA
Karen Murphy
Chemical Sciences Division
National Institute of Standards and Technology
Gaithersburg, MD
USA
Muhammad Azhar Hayat Nawaz
Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM)
COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
Lahore
Pakistan
Frances Nilsen
Chemical Sciences Division
National Institute of Standards and Technology
Charleston, SC
USA
Chiara Nitride
Department of Agriculture
University of Naples Federico II
Parco Gussone
Naples
Italy
Pilar Ortega-Barrales
Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry
Faculty of Experimental Sciences
University of Jaén
Campus Las Lagunillas
Jaén
Spain
Suiyan Ouyang
Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese
Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Wuhan
China
and
Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic
Improvement of Oil Crops
Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins
Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Oilseeds Products
Ministry of Agriculture
Wuhan
China
Sajid Rauf
Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM)
Lahore
Pakistan
and
Department of Physics
COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
Lahore
Pakistan
Rizwan Raza
Department of Physics
COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
Lahore
Pakistan
Xianfeng Ren
Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese
Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Wuhan
China
and
Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic
Improvement of Oil Crops
Ministry of Agriculture
Wuhan
China
Alan Richards
Public Analyst and Head of Scientific Services Ltd
Wolverhampton
West Midlands
United Kingdom
Antonio Ruiz-Medina
Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry
Faculty of Experimental Sciences
University of Jaén
Campus Las Lagunillas
Jaén
Spain
S. Santiago-Felipe
Instituto interuniversitario de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico
Departamento de Química
Universitat Politècnica de València
Valencia
Spain
Aisling Sheehan
Mass Spectrometry Group (MSG)
Department of Physical Sciences
Cork Institute of Technology (CIT)
Cork
Ireland
Luis A. Tortajada-Genaro
Instituto interuniversitario de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico
Departamento de Química
Universitat Politècnica de València
Valencia
Spain
Andrew D. Turner
Centre for Environment Fisheries and Aquaculture Science
Weymouth
Dorset
United Kingdom
Carmen Vale
Department of Pharmacology
Veterinary Faculty
Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
Lugo
Spain
Irina Vetter
Institute for Molecular Bioscience
The University of Queensland
Queensland
Australia
and
School of Pharmacy
The University of Queensland
Queensland
Australia
Valerija Vezočnik
Department of Biology
Biotechnical Faculty
University of Ljubljana
Ljubljana
Slovenia
Mercedes R. Vieytes
Department of Physiology
Veterinary Faculty
Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
Lugo
Spain
Natalia Vilariño
Department of Pharmacology
Veterinary Faculty
Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
Lugo
Spain
Michael J. Walker
Consulting Analytical Scientist
Government Chemist Programme
Laboratory of the Government Chemist
Teddington
Middlesex
United Kingdom
Laura Wood
Chemical Sciences Division
National Institute of Standards and Technology
Gaithersburg, MD
USA
Wang-wah Wong
Hong Kong Accreditation Service
Quality Services Division
Innovation and Technology Commission
Wanchai
Hong Kong
Huali Xie
Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese
Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Wuhan
China
and
Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic
Improvement of Oil Crops
Ministry of Agriculture
Wuhan
China
Lee Yu
Chemical Sciences Division
National Institute of Standards and Technology
Gaithersburg, MD
USA
Qi Zhang
Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese
Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Wuhan
China
and
Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic
Improvement of Oil Crops
Ministry of Agriculture
Wuhan
China
Zhaowei Zhang
Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese
Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Wuhan
China
and
Key Laboratory of Detection of Mycotoxins
Ministry of Agriculture
Wuhan
China
I regard it an honour and privilege to have been asked to provide a preface for this significant monograph which surveys the recent and current developments in monitoring food toxins and toxicants which compromise human food safety. In the past, many incidents have caused profound impacts on people's health and on businesses in the food manufacture and distribution sectors. The awareness and knowledge of natural and synthetic toxins and toxicants in food has improved significantly in the last two decades via extensive worldwide collaborative research work and monitoring programmes.
The provision of reliable data from the use of advanced and versatile technologies is now a prerequisite for the investigation of the causes of food poisoning incidents, the prevention of such events and for the production of wholesome and safe food. Attention is drawn herein to the importance of quality assurance activities, as for any analytical measurements with potential as forensic evidential use, and to the need for relevant reference materials. The value of strategic risk assessments and data modelling are shown to be keys to the setting up of appropriate limits for toxin concentrations in foods and in food components. Hence this comprehensive review of such work, much of which has been undertaken with worldwide collaborations, to produce data using validated analytical methodologies is considered to be most timely.
The editors are to be congratulated for their selection of relevant and interesting topics. The various section authors have produced a readable, in-depth survey of the current position in the analysis of food toxins and toxicants and also have drawn attention to some important residual problems in certain areas concerning reference materials.
The volume is divided into five main sections: I (Chapters 1–4). Recent developments in analytical technology including sample pre-treatment and food additives; II (Chapters 5–10). Microbial and plant toxins, including plant pyrrolizidine alkaloids; III (Chapters 11–15). Marine toxins in fish and shellfish; IV (Chapters 16–19). Biogenic amines and common food toxicants, such as pesticides and heavy metals; V (Chapters 20–24). Quality assurance and recent developments in regulatory limits for toxins, toxicants and allergens, which includes discussions on laboratory accreditation and reference materials.
Due to the excellent editorial control all the chapters are easy to follow, coherent in layout and are comprehensively referenced, which most helpfully indicate the papers' contents by giving their titles in full.
This up-to-date set of accounts of analytical approaches available and the problems to be encountered in the detection and estimation for a variety of food toxins will be useful to analytical chemists working in academic, manufacturing, distribution and regulatory food control laboratories.
D. Thorburn Burns, DSc, FRSE, MRIA
Professor Emeritus of Analytical Chemistry
The Queen's University of Belfast, and Visiting Research Professor
Institute for Global Food Security
The Queen's University of Belfast
Belfast, UK
Food toxins and toxicants are widely discussed global issues, and given the threats they pose to human health, they represent one of the most important aspects of analytical chemistry. Over the past two decades, we have experienced various crises due to foodborne toxins causing profound impacts on human health and the food industry. Importantly, in countries where well-developed food management systems with reliable methods of measurement are not established, such outbreaks can lead to potentially life-threatening exposures and resource waste. Our knowledge and awareness of natural toxins and toxicants in foods have improved substantially through extensive research and worldwide networking programs in the field. Thanks to the continuous commitment and cooperation of various organizations, validated analytical methodologies can now detect sub-clinical levels of many food toxins and toxicants using advanced and versatile technologies. A comprehensive monitoring of food toxins and toxicants is a critical prerequisite to substantiate the causes of food poisonings and help prevent similar food catastrophes from taking place. The implementations of quality assurance to food toxin analysis, including the production of reference materials, strategic risk assessment and data modelling for toxin thresholds, are required to validate and strengthen the measurement applications. This book provides an up-to-date and comprehensive overview of the analytical approaches used to detect a range of food toxins. Contributions from more than 70 eminent food toxin scientists across the globe illustrate their expertise and experience to readers. We hope that it can provide useful guidance and instruction to analytical chemists and food scientists, both in industry and academia. In each chapter, the authors aim to provide a concise discussion on the latest methodology currently applied to measure a wide variety of food toxins and toxicants, including a detailed and illustrated overview of different separation and detection approaches used. Finally, we would like to express our sincere thanks to all of our renowned authors who contributed their invaluable time and their expertise to this book.
Yiu-chung Wong
Richard J. Lewis