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Common Rail Fuel Injection Technology in Diesel Engines

Guangyao Ouyang

Naval University of Engineering
China

 

in collaboration with
Shijie An

Naval University of Engineering
China

 

Zhenming Liu

Naval University of Engineering
China

 

Yuxue Li

Naval University of Engineering
China

 

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Preface

Since the twenty‐first century, the diesel engine is facing the challenge of two factors: energy and environmental protection; thus improving the efficiency and controlling the emissions has become an important problem facing today's diesel engine industry. The needs of society and economy of the diesel engine for future environmental protection put forward a higher request for better technology to enable a lift in demand for the diesel engine. The efficiency and lower emissions are closely related to the combustion process. The most feasible approach is to reform the diesel engine fuel system implementation to improve its performance. The electronically controlled fuel injection technology is an implementation of controlling the fuel injection quantity, injection timing, and fuel injection law, in order to realize the well‐organized combustion process and optimize performance of economy, power, and emission under various working conditions.

Development of the electronic control fuel injection technology began in the 1970s, and the actual shipment of electronically controlled high‐power diesel engines started to be commissioned in 1980. So far, the electronically controlled fuel injection system has passed through three stages of development: the initial development stage in 1970s, the production utility stage in the 1980s, and the stage of technological development in the 1990s. Currently, the most advanced electronic control fuel injection technology is the high‐pressure common rail fuel injection technology.

The first generation of a common rail system was launched in the 1990s, with the second and third generations being rolled out after more than 10 years of research and improvement. The concept of a fourth generation of common rail system has been promoted in recent years. The latest mid‐high speed and high‐power diesel engines developed abroad, with no exception, adapted the common rail technology, so it is apparent that the common rail technology has become one of the important technical measures to respond to emissions and fuel economy.

Although common rail technology is one of the hot topics in the study of the modern diesel engine technology with abundant successful application examples, the system study is relatively rare, and it especially lacks a domestic research report. The author has been engaged in the research of this field for more than 10 years, involving research and development stages of demonstration, design, and key technology research. The author has reached a series of achievements with arduous effort and suffered from a deficiency of system data; thus he has developed the germination of summing up the research achievements systematically over the years, to offer some reference for colleagues. It is his wish to provide a bit of inspiration and hopes that it might make a contribution to diesel engine technology development.

This book is based on the perspective of system analysis in order to provide a comprehensive introduction to common rail technology. The book is divided into seven chapters: the first chapter analyses the present situation of the common rail system; the second chapter introduces the common rail system modeling and simulation technology; the third and fourth chapters introduce the research of key technology and key parts of the common rail system; the fifth chapter introduces the ECU design technology; the sixth chapter introduces the machine assembling technology of the common rail system; and the seventh chapter introduces the research and development of a new type of common rail system.

The book is available for senior students in relevant colleges for graduate teaching and engineering and technical personnel. Due to a possible limited level of knowledge of the author, the book offers a preliminary view; if there are some inappropriate statements, please correct them.

The author gratefully acknowledges the help of Professor Jiang Deming at Xi'an Jiaotong University, Professor Gao Xiaohong at Wuhan University of Science and Technology, with the guidance and recommendation of Professor Wang Changyi and Professor Tang Kaiyuan at Naval Engineering University. Thanks also for the support of the National Defense Industry Press. Thanks also to colleagues and graduate students for 10 years of hard work, and it is their support that provided the author with the determination and confidence to realize the publication of this book.

The author

Introduction

This book is the academic monograph about related technical aspects of the high‐pressure common rail system of a diesel engine and summarizes the author's research achievements in the field of electronic injection and common rail technology in the past decade. This book systematically elaborates the following contents: the development history of high‐pressure common rail technology, system simulation and optimization, key parts design and the optimization design of a new type of common rail technology, etc.

This book can be used as a reference book for Graduate teaching and is also available for engineering and technical personnel specializing in design, development, and manufacture of a common rail system of a diesel engine.