Details

Parasitology


Parasitology

An Integrated Approach
1. Aufl.

von: Alan Gunn, Sarah J. Pitt

50,99 €

Verlag: Wiley
Format: PDF
Veröffentl.: 30.03.2012
ISBN/EAN: 9781119968993
Sprache: englisch
Anzahl Seiten: 456

DRM-geschütztes eBook, Sie benötigen z.B. Adobe Digital Editions und eine Adobe ID zum Lesen.

Beschreibungen

<i>Parasitology: An Integrated Approach</i>, provides a concise, student-friendly account of parasites and parasite relationships that is supported by case studies and suggestions for student projects. The book focuses strongly on parasite interactions with other pathogens and in particular parasite-HIV interactions, as well as looking at how host behaviour contributes to the spread of infections. There is a consideration of the positive aspects of parasite infections, how humans have used parasites for their own advantage and also how parasite infections affect the welfare of captive and domestic animals. The emphasis of <i>Parasitology</i> is on recent research throughout and each chapter ends with a brief discussion of future developments. This text is not simply an updated version of typical parastitology books but takes an integrated approach and explains how the study of parasites requires an understanding of a wide range of other topics from molecular biology and immunology to the interactions of parasites with both their hosts and other pathogens.
<p>Preface xiii</p> <p><b>1 Animal associations 1</b></p> <p>1.1 Introduction 1</p> <p>1.2 Animal associations 1</p> <p>1.2.1 Symbiosis 2</p> <p>1.2.2 Commensalism 5</p> <p>1.2.3 Phoresis 5</p> <p>1.2.4 Mutualism 6</p> <p>1.2.5 Parasitism 7</p> <p>1.2.6 Intra-specific parasites 8</p> <p>1.2.7 Parasitoids 9</p> <p>1.2.8 The concept of harm 10</p> <p>1.3 Parasite hosts 11</p> <p>1.3.1 Protozoa and helminths as hosts 11</p> <p>1.3.2 Classes of hosts for parasites 12</p> <p>1.4 The co-evolution of parasites and their hosts 13</p> <p>1.4.1 Evolutionary relationships between host and parasite 14</p> <p>1.4.2 Parasites and the evolution of sexual reproduction 15</p> <p>1.5 Parasitism as a ‘lifestyle’: advantages and limitations 16</p> <p>1.5.1 Main advantages of a parasitic lifestyle 17</p> <p>1.5.2 Main limitations of a parasitic life style 17</p> <p>1.6 The economic cost of parasitic diseases 18</p> <p>1.6.1 Economic consequences of parasitic diseases of humans 18</p> <p>1.6.2 Economic consequences of parasitic diseases of domestic animals 19</p> <p>1.6.3 Estimating the costs of morbidity due to disease 19</p> <p>1.6.4 Economic consequences of parasitic diseases of wildlife 20</p> <p>1.7 Why parasitic diseases remain a problem 21</p> <p>1.8 Taxonomy 24</p> <p>1.8.1 The binomen system 25</p> <p>Questions 27</p> <p><b>2 Parasitic protozoa, fungi and plants 28</b></p> <p>2.1 Introduction 28</p> <p>2.2 Parasitic protozoa 28</p> <p>2.2.1 Kingdom Protista 28</p> <p>2.3 Phylum Rhizopoda 29</p> <p>2.3.1 Genus Entamoeba 29</p> <p>2.3.2 Other species of pathogenic amoebae 33</p> <p>2.4 Phylum Metamonada 34</p> <p>2.4.1 Order Diplomonadida 34</p> <p>2.4.2 Order Trichomonadida 37</p> <p>2.5 Phylum Apicomplexa 40</p> <p>2.5.1 Genus <i>Plasmodium </i>42</p> <p>2.5.2 <i>Plasmodium </i>life cycle 43</p> <p>2.5.3 Genus <i>Theileria </i>45</p> <p>2.5.4 Genus <i>Babesia </i>46</p> <p>2.6 Subclass Coccidiasina 50</p> <p>2.6.1 Suborder Eimeriorina 50</p> <p>2.6.2 Isospora group 51</p> <p>2.6.3 Genus <i>Cyclospora </i>52</p> <p>2.6.4 Family Sarcocystidae 53</p> <p>2.6.5 Genus <i>Toxoplasma </i>54</p> <p>2.6.6 Genus <i>Neospora </i>58</p> <p>2.6.7 Family Cryptosporidiidae 60</p> <p>2.7 Phylum Kinetoplastida 62</p> <p>2.7.1 Genus <i>Leishmania </i>63</p> <p>2.7.2 <i>Leishmania </i>life cycle 66</p> <p>2.7.3 Genus <i>Trypanosoma </i>70</p> <p>2.8 Phylum Chlorophyta 81</p> <p>2.8.1 Genus <i>Prototheca </i>82</p> <p>2.9 Kingdom fungi 83</p> <p>2.9.1 Microsporidia 83</p> <p>2.10 Kingdom plantae 85</p> <p>Questions 85</p> <p><b>3 Helminth parasites 86</b></p> <p>3.1 Introduction: invertebrate taxonomy 86</p> <p>3.2 Phylum Platyhelminthes 87</p> <p>3.3 Class Trematoda 87</p> <p>3.3.1 Family Fasciolidae 89</p> <p>3.3.2 Family Cathaemasiidae: Genus <i>Ribeiroia </i>93</p> <p>3.3.3 Family Dicrocoeliidae 95</p> <p>3.3.4 Family Opisthorchiformes 96</p> <p>3.3.5 Family Paragonomidae 98</p> <p>3.3.6 Family Schistosomatidae 99</p> <p>3.4 Class Cestoda 103</p> <p>3.4.1 Order Pseudophyllidea/Diphyllobothriidea 103</p> <p>3.4.2 Order Cyclophyllidea 104</p> <p>3.4.3 Family Taeniidae 105</p> <p>3.4.4 Family Anoplocephalidae 110</p> <p>3.5 Phylum Acanthocephala 112</p> <p>3.6 Phylum Nematoda (Nemata) 114</p> <p>3.6.1 Class Enoplea 117</p> <p>3.6.2 Class Rhabdita 121</p> <p>3.6.3 Family Onchocercidae 129</p> <p>3.6.4 Family Dracunculidae 132</p> <p>Questions 135</p> <p><b>4 Arthropod parasites 137</b></p> <p>4.1 Introduction 137</p> <p>4.2 Phylum Chelicerata 138</p> <p>4.2.1 Family Demodicidae 139</p> <p>4.2.2 Family Sarcoptidae 140</p> <p>4.2.3 Family Psoroptidae 143</p> <p>4.2.4 Suborder Ixodida 144</p> <p>4.2.5 Family Argasidae 145</p> <p>4.2.6 Family Ixodidae 146</p> <p>4.2.7 Tick paralysis 147</p> <p>4.3 Phylum Crustacea 148</p> <p>4.3.1 Subclass Copepoda 148</p> <p>4.3.2 Infra-Class Cirripedia 150</p> <p>4.3.3 Subclass Branchiura 150</p> <p>4.3.4 Subclass Pentastomida – tongue worms 151</p> <p>4.4 Sub-phylum Hexapoda 153</p> <p>4.4.1 Order Phthiraptera (lice) 155</p> <p>4.4.2 Order Siphonaptera (fleas) 159</p> <p>4.4.3 Order Diptera (true flies) 162</p> <p>4.4.4 Suborder Nematocera 162</p> <p>4.4.5 Suborder Brachycera 163</p> <p>4.4.6 Family Calliphoridae 166</p> <p>4.4.7 Genus <i>Chrysomya </i>168</p> <p>4.4.8 Genus <i>Cochliomyia </i>168</p> <p>4.4.9 Genus <i>Auchmeromyia </i>169</p> <p>4.4.10 Genus <i>Cordylobia </i>170</p> <p>4.4.11 Family Sarcophagidae 170</p> <p>4.4.12 Family Oestridae 171</p> <p>4.4.13 Subfamily Gasterophilinae 173</p> <p>4.4.14 Subfamily Hypodermatinae 174</p> <p>4.4.15 Subfamily Cuterebrinae 176</p> <p>4.4.16 Family Streblidae 177</p> <p>4.4.17 Family Nycteribiidae 178</p> <p>Questions 178</p> <p><b>5 Parasite transmission 180</b></p> <p>5.1 Introduction 180</p> <p>5.2 Contaminative transmission 181</p> <p>5.3 Transmission associated with reproduction 184</p> <p>5.3.1 Sexual transmission 184</p> <p>5.3.2 Transmission within the gametes 187</p> <p>5.3.3 Congenital transmission 188</p> <p>5.4 Autoinfection 189</p> <p>5.5 Nosocomial transmission 190</p> <p>5.6 Active parasite transmission 191</p> <p>5.7 Hosts and vectors 192</p> <p>5.7.1 Paratenic hosts 192</p> <p>5.7.2 Intermediate hosts 193</p> <p>5.7.3 Vectors 194</p> <p>5.8 Host factors 196</p> <p>5.8.1 Host identification 196</p> <p>5.8.2 The influence of host behaviour on parasite transmission 197</p> <p>5.9 Co-transmission and interactions between infectious agents 199</p> <p>5.10 How religion can influence parasite transmission 202</p> <p>5.11 The influence of war on parasite transmission 204</p> <p>5.12 The influence of parasites on host behaviour 205</p> <p>5.13 Environmental factors 207</p> <p>5.13.1 Natural environmental variables 207</p> <p>5.13.2 Pollution 207</p> <p>5.13.3 Global warming 209</p> <p>Questions 211</p> <p><b>6 Immune reactions to parasitic infections 212</b></p> <p>6.1 Introduction 212</p> <p>6.2 Invertebrate immunity 213</p> <p>6.3 Vertebrate immunity 215</p> <p>6.3.1 Innate immunity 215</p> <p>6.3.2 Adaptive immunity 218</p> <p>6.3.3 Cell-mediated immunity 220</p> <p>6.4 Innate immunity to parasitic infection 221</p> <p>6.4.1 Physical factors 221</p> <p>6.4.2 Chemical and microbial factors 222</p> <p>6.4.3 The acute inflammatory response 223</p> <p>6.4.4 Cell-mediated immunity 225</p> <p>6.5 Adaptive immunity 226</p> <p>6.5.1 Avoiding the host immune response 227</p> <p>6.5.2 Depression of the immune system 232</p> <p>6.6 Immunity to malaria 233</p> <p>6.7 <i>Schistosoma mansoni </i>and Hepatitis C virus interactions 237</p> <p>6.8 HIV-AIDS and parasitic disease 238</p> <p>6.8.1 Parasites and the transmission of HIV 239</p> <p>6.8.2 Parasite-HIV co-infections 240</p> <p>6.8.3 Leishmania-HIV co-infections 240</p> <p>6.8.4 Malaria–HIV co-infections 242</p> <p>6.8.5 Toxoplasma–HIV co-infections 243</p> <p>6.8.6 Microsporidia–HIV co-infections 243</p> <p>Questions 243</p> <p><b>7 Pathology 245</b></p> <p>7.1 Introduction 245</p> <p>7.2 Factors that influence pathogenesis 245</p> <p>7.2.1 Host factors that influence pathogenesis 245</p> <p>7.2.2 Parasite factors that influence pathogenesis 246</p> <p>7.3 Mechanisms by which parasites induce pathology 247</p> <p>7.3.1 Direct damage 248</p> <p>7.3.2 Indirect damage 249</p> <p>7.4 Types of pathology 250</p> <p>7.4.1 Abortion and obstetric pathology 250</p> <p>7.4.2 Anaemia 251</p> <p>7.4.3 Anorexia 253</p> <p>7.4.4 Apoptosis 253</p> <p>7.4.5 Calcification 254</p> <p>7.4.6 Cancer 255</p> <p>7.4.7 Castration 257</p> <p>7.4.8 Delusional parasitosis 258</p> <p>7.4.9 Diarrhoea 258</p> <p>7.4.10 Elephantiasis 260</p> <p>7.4.11 Fever 261</p> <p>7.4.12 Granulation and fibrosis 262</p> <p>7.4.13 Hyperplasia 264</p> <p>7.4.14 Hypertrophy 265</p> <p>7.4.15 Inflammation and ulceration 265</p> <p>7.4.16 Jaundice 267</p> <p>7.4.17 Metaplasia 267</p> <p>7.4.18 Pressure atrophy 267</p> <p>7.4.19 Psychological disturbance 268</p> <p>7.5 Damage to specific organs 269</p> <p>7.5.1 The bladder 269</p> <p>7.5.2 The brain 270</p> <p>7.5.3 The digestive system 273</p> <p>7.5.4 The genitalia 276</p> <p>7.5.5 The kidney 277</p> <p>7.5.6 The liver 279</p> <p>7.5.7 The lungs 281</p> <p>7.5.8 The skin 284</p> <p>7.5.9 The spleen 288</p> <p>7.6 Co-infections and pathogenesis 289</p> <p>Questions 290</p> <p><b>8 The useful parasite 292</b></p> <p>8.1 Introduction: the goodness of parasites? 292</p> <p>8.2 The importance of parasites for the maintenance of a healthy immune system 293</p> <p>8.2.1 The hygiene hypothesis 293</p> <p>8.2.2 Type 1 diabetes mellitus 294</p> <p>8.2.3 Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) 296</p> <p>8.2.4 Inflammatory bowel disease 297</p> <p>8.3 The use of parasites to treat medical conditions 297</p> <p>8.3.1 Helminth therapy 298</p> <p>8.3.2 Larval therapy 302</p> <p>8.3.3 Leech therapy 304</p> <p>8.3.4 Malaria therapy (malariotherapy) 305</p> <p>8.4 Parasites as sources of novel pharmaceutically-active compounds 308</p> <p>8.5 Parasites as biological control agents 309</p> <p>8.5.1 Life cycle of the entomopathogenic nematodes <i>Heterorhabditis </i>and <i>Steinernema </i>310</p> <p>8.6 Parasites as forensic indicators 312</p> <p>Questions 314</p> <p><b>9 Identification of protozoan and helminth parasites 316</b></p> <p>9.1 Introduction 316</p> <p>9.2 The importance of correct identification 316</p> <p>9.3 Properties of an ideal diagnostic test 318</p> <p>9.4 Isolation of parasites 320</p> <p>9.5 Identification from gross morphology 323</p> <p>9.5.1 Morphological identification of <i>Entamoeba </i>325</p> <p>9.5.2 Morphological identification of <i>Plasmodium </i>and <i>Babesia </i>326</p> <p>9.5.3 Morphological identification of <i>Taenia </i>tapeworms 327</p> <p>9.5.4 Morphological identification of filarial nematode infections 327</p> <p>9.6 Biochemical techniques 329</p> <p>9.7 Immunological techniques 329</p> <p>9.8 Molecular techniques 331</p> <p>9.9 Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) 334</p> <p>9.9.1 Rapid diagnostic tests for malaria 335</p> <p>9.9.2 Rapid diagnostic test for filariasis 337</p> <p>9.10 MALDI-TOF MS 337</p> <p>Questions 338</p> <p><b>10 Parasite treatment and control 339</b></p> <p>10.1 Introduction 339</p> <p>10.2 Importance of understanding parasite life cycles for effective treatment and control 339</p> <p>10.3 Treatment of parasitic diseases 341</p> <p>10.3.1 The ideal antiparasitic drug 341</p> <p>10.3.2 Pharmaceutical drugs 345</p> <p>10.3.3 DNA/RNA technology 347</p> <p>10.3.4 Molecular chaperones (heat shock proteins) 349</p> <p>10.3.5 Nanotechnology 350</p> <p>10.3.6 Quantum dots 352</p> <p>10.3.7 Natural remedies 353</p> <p>10.3.8 Homeopathy 355</p> <p>10.4 Vaccines against parasitic diseases 356</p> <p>10.4.1 Attenuated vaccines 358</p> <p>10.4.2 Killed vaccines 359</p> <p>10.4.3 Recombinant vaccines 359</p> <p>10.4.4 Toxoid vaccines 360</p> <p>10.4.5 DNA vaccines 361</p> <p>10.4.6 Vaccine administration 362</p> <p>10.5 Control of parasitic diseases 362</p> <p>10.5.1 Eradication, elimination and control of parasitic diseases 362</p> <p>10.5.2 Education 364</p> <p>10.5.3 Environmental modification and cultural control 365</p> <p>10.5.4 Remote Sensing (RS) and GIS technology 368</p> <p>10.5.5 Treating the individual or the population 369</p> <p>10.5.6 Piggy-backing control programmes 370</p> <p>10.5.7 Disruptions to control programmes 371</p> <p>10.5.8 Role of governments, foundations, and aid organisations 371</p> <p>Questions 373</p> <p>References 375</p> <p>Index 431</p>
<p>“Overall, a very enjoyable and useful book at a price that is not too astronomical .”  (<i>British Journal of Biomedical Science</i>, 1 January 2013)</p> <p>“Suitable as an undergraduate text in parasitology courses.  Summing Up:  Recommended.  Lower-and upper-division undergraduates.”  (<i>Choice</i>, 1 January 2013)</p>
<p><b>Alan Gunn</b></br> <i>Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK</i> <p><b>Sarah J. Pitt</b></br> <i>University of Brighton, UK</i></br> <i>Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, UK</i>
<p><b>Parasitology</b></br> An Integrated Approach <p><i>Parasitology</i> is a concise, student-friendly account of parasites and parasitic relationships with a strong emphasis throughout on parasite interactions with other pathogens. In addition, it looks at how host behaviour contributes to the spread and control of infections. <p>The effects of parasitic infections are influenced by a range of host factors such as genetic constitution, immune status, and behaviour and this text takes an integrated approach to provide a full understanding of a wide range of topics from molecular biology and immunology to social, religious and cultural factors. Emphasis is also given to diagnostic techniques, from light microscopy to advanced molecular biology, and to treatment and control - highlighting recent advances in medicine, genomics and economics. <ul> <li><b>A concise, clearly-written integrated introduction to the study of parasites.</b></li> <li><b>Clearly set out with section of full colour illustrations.</b></li> <li><b>An emphasis on recent research throughout.</b></li> <li><b>Companion website with additional illustrations, questions and project work.</b></li> </ul> <p>Students of biology, zoology, agriculture, animal welfare, biomedical sciences, medicine and veterinary sciencewill appreciate this clear and accessible introduction.

Diese Produkte könnten Sie auch interessieren:

Verpacktes Leben - Verpackte Technik
Verpacktes Leben - Verpackte Technik
von: Udo Küppers, Helmut Tributsch
PDF ebook
97,99 €
Neuroendocrinology
Neuroendocrinology
von: David A. Lovejoy
PDF ebook
73,99 €
Bioinformatics
Bioinformatics
von: Frédéric Dardel, François Képès
PDF ebook
67,99 €