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Nanocellulose Polymer Nanocomposites


Nanocellulose Polymer Nanocomposites

Fundamentals and Applications
Polymer Science and Plastics Engineering 1. Aufl.

von: Vijay Kumar Thakur

199,99 €

Verlag: Wiley
Format: EPUB
Veröffentl.: 28.10.2014
ISBN/EAN: 9781118872345
Sprache: englisch
Anzahl Seiten: 536

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Beschreibungen

<p>Biorenewable polymers based nanomaterials are rapidly emerging as one of the most fascinating materials for multifunctional applications. Among biorenewable polymers, cellulose based nanomaterials are of great importance due to their inherent advantages such as environmental friendliness, biodegradability, biocompatibility, easy processing and cost effectiveness, to name a few. They may be produced from biological systems such as plants or be chemically synthesised from biological materials.</p> <p>This book summarizes the recent remarkable achievements witnessed in green technology of cellulose based nanomaterials in different fields ranging from biomedical to automotive. This book also discusses the extensive research developments for next generation nanocellulose-based polymer nanocomposites. The book contains seventeen chapters and each chapter addresses some specific issues related to nanocellulose and also demonstrates the real potentialities of these nanomaterials in different domains.</p> <p>The key features of the book are:</p> <ul> <li>Synthesis and chemistry of nanocellulose from different biorenewable resources</li> <li>Different  characterization of nanocellulosic materials and their respective polymer nanocomposites</li> <li>Physico-chemical, thermal and mechanical investigation of nanocellulose based polymer nanocomposites</li> <li>Provides elementary information and rich understanding of the present state-of- art of nanocellulose-based materials</li> <li>Explores the full range of applications of different nanocellulose-based materials.</li> </ul>
<p><b>Preface xvii<br /> <br /> </b><b>Part 1: Synthesis and Characterization of Nanocellulose based Polymer Nanocomposites 1<br /> <br /> </b><b>1 Nanocellulose-Based Polymer Nanocomposites: An Introduction 3<br /> </b><i>Manju Kumari Thakur, Vijay Kumar Thakur and Raghavan Prasanth<br /> <br /> </i>1.1 Introduction 3<br /> <br /> 1.2 Nanocellulose: Source, Structure, Synthesis and Applications 5<br /> <br /> 1.3 Conclusions 12<br /> <br /> References 13<br /> <br /> <b>2 Bacterial  Cellulose-Based  Nanocomposites: Roadmap for Innovative Materials 17<br /> </b><i>Ana R. P. Figueiredo, Carla Vilela, Carlos Pascoal Neto, Armando J. D. Silvestre and Carmen S. R. Freire<br /> <br /> </i>2.1 Introduction 17<br /> <br /> 2.2 Bacterial Cellulose Production, Properties and Applications 18<br /> <br /> 2.3 Bacterial Cellulose-Based Polymer Nanocomposites 28<br /> <br /> 2.4 Bacterial Cellulose-Based Hybrid Nanocomposite Materials 41<br /> <br /> 2.5 Acknowledgements               <br /> <br /> References 55<br /> <br /> <b>3 Polyurethanes Reinforced with Cellulose 65<br /> </b><i>María L. Auad, Mirna A. Mosiewicki and Norma E. Marcovich<br /> <br /> </i>3.1 Introduction 65<br /> <br /> 3.2 Conventional Polyurethanes Reinforced with Nanocellulose Fibers 67<br /> <br /> 3.3 Waterborne Polyurethanes Reinforced with Nanocellulose Fibers 76<br /> <br /> 3.4 Biobased Polyurethanes Reinforced with Nanocellulose Fibers 78<br /> <br /> Conclusions and Final Remarks 84<br /> <br /> References 85<br /> <br /> <b>4 Bacterial Cellulose and Its Use in Renewable Composites 89<br /> </b><i>Dianne R. Ruka, George P. Simon and Katherine M. Dean<br /> <br /> </i>4.1 Introduction 89<br /> <br /> 4.2 Cellulose Properties and Production 91<br /> <br /> 4.3 Tailor-Designing Bacterial Cellulose 105<br /> <br /> 4.4 Bacterial Cellulose Composites 114<br /> <br /> 4.5 Biodegradability 121<br /> <br /> 4.6 Conclusions 123<br /> <br /> References 123<br /> <br /> <b>5 Nanocellulose-Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composites Fabricated by In-Situ Polymerization Technique 131<br /> </b><i>Dipa Ray and Sunanda Sain<br /> <br /> </i>5.1 Introduction 131<br /> <br /> 5.2 Cellulose as Filler in Polymer Matrix Composites 132<br /> <br /> 5.3 Cellulose Nanocomposites 138<br /> <br /> 5.4 In-Situ Polymerized Cellulose Nanocomposites 138<br /> <br /> 5.5 Novel Materials with Wide Application Potential 140<br /> <br /> 5.6 Effect of In-Situ Polymerization on Biodegradation Behavior of Cellulose Nanocomposites 154<br /> <br /> 5.7 Future of Cellulose Nanocomposites 157<br /> <br /> References 159<br /> <br /> <b>6 Multifunctional Ternary Polymeric Nanocomposites Based on Cellulosic Nanore- inforcements 163<br /> </b><i>D. Puglia, E. Fortunati, C. Santulli and J. M. Kenny<br /> <br /> </i>6.1 Introduction 163<br /> <br /> 6.2 Cellulosic Reinforcements (CR) 166<br /> <br /> 6.3 Interaction of CNR with Different Nanoreinforcements 171<br /> <br /> 6.4 Ternary Polymeric Systems Based on CNR 179<br /> <br /> 6.5 Conclusions 190<br /> <br /> Acknowledgments 191<br /> <br /> References 191<br /> <br /> <b>7 Effect of Fiber Length on Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene Nanobiocomposites Reinforced with Kenaf Fiber and Nanoclay 199<br /> </b><i>Na Sim and Seong Ok Han<br /> <br /> </i>7.1 Introduction 199<br /> <br /> 7.2 Experimental 200<br /> <br /> 7.3 Results and Discussion 202<br /> <br /> 7.4 Conclusions 211<br /> <br /> References 211<br /> <br /> <b>8 Cellulose-Based Liquid Crystalline Composite Systems 215<br /> </b><i>J. P. Borges, J. P. Canejo, S. N. Fernandes and M. H. Godinho<br /> <br /> </i>8.1 Introduction 215<br /> <br /> 8.2 Liquid Crystalline Phases of Cellulose and Its Derivatives 216<br /> <br /> 8.3 Conclusion  232<br /> <br /> Acknowledgements 232<br /> <br /> References 232<br /> <br /> <b>9 Recent Advances in Nanocomposites Based on Biodegradable Polymers and Nanocellulose 237<br /> </b><i>J. I. Morán, L. N. Ludueña and V. A. Alvarez<br /> <br /> </i>9.1 Introduction 237<br /> <br /> 9.2 Cellulose Bionanocomposites Incorporation of Cellulose Nanofibers into Biodegradable Polymers: General Effect on the Properties 243<br /> <br /> 9.3 Future Perspectives and Concluding Remarks 249<br /> <br /> References 250<br /> <br /> <b>Part 2: Processing and Applications Nanocellulose based Polymer Nanocomposites 255<br /> <br /> </b><b>10 Cellulose  Nano/Microfibers-Reinforced  Polymer Composites: Processing Aspects 257<br /> </b><i>K. Priya Dasan and A. Sonia<br /> <br /> </i>10.1 Introduction 257<br /> <br /> 10.2 The Role of Isolation Methods on Composite Properties 260<br /> <br /> 10.3 Pretreatment of Fibers and Its Role in Composite Performance 262<br /> <br /> 10.4 Different Processing Methodologies in Cellulose Nanocomposites and Their Effect on Final Properties 264<br /> <br /> 10.5 Conclusion 268<br /> <br /> References 268<br /> <br /> <b>11 Nanocellulose-Based Polymer Nanocomposite: Isolation, Characterization and Applications 273<br /> </b><i>H. P. S. Abdul Khalil, Y. Davoudpour, N. A. Sri Aprilia, Asniza Mustapha, Md. Nazrul Islam and Rudi Dungani<br /> <br /> </i>11.1 Introduction 274<br /> <br /> 11.2 Cellulose and Nanocellulose 274<br /> <br /> 11.3 Isolation of Nanocellulose 276<br /> <br /> 11.4 Characterization of Nanocellulose 283<br /> <br /> 11.5 Drying of Nanocellulose 289<br /> <br /> 11.6 Modifications of Nanocellulose 290<br /> <br /> 11.7 Nanocellulose-Based Polymer Nanocomposites 295<br /> <br /> 11.8 Conclusion 302<br /> <br /> Acknowledgement 303<br /> <br /> References 303<br /> <br /> <b>12 Electrospinning of Cellulose: Process and Applications 311<br /> </b><i>Raghavan Prasanth, Shubha Nageswaran, Vijay Kumar Takur and Jou-Hyeon Ahn<br /> <br /> </i>12.1 Cellulosic Fibers 311<br /> <br /> 12.2 Crystalline Structure of Electrospun Cellulose 312<br /> <br /> 12.3 Applications of Cellulose 313<br /> <br /> 12.4 Electrospinning 313<br /> <br /> 12.5 Electrospinning of Cellulose 317<br /> <br /> 12.6 Solvents for Electrospinning of Cellulose 318<br /> <br /> 12.7 Cellulose Composite Fibers 333<br /> <br /> 12.8 Conclusions 336<br /> <br /> Abbreviations 336<br /> <br /> Symbols 336<br /> <br /> References 337<br /> <br /> <b>13 Effect of Kenaf Cellulose Whiskers on Cellulose Acetate Butyrate Nanocomposites Properties 341<br /> </b><i>Lukmanul Hakim Zaini, M. T. Paridah, M. Jawaid, AlothmanY. Othman and A. H. Juliana<br /> <br /> </i>13.1 Introduction 341<br /> <br /> 13.2 Experimental 342<br /> <br /> 13.3 Characterization 344<br /> <br /> 13.4 Result and Discussion 345<br /> <br /> 13.5 Conclusions 352<br /> <br /> Acknowledgements 353<br /> <br /> References 353<br /> <br /> <b>14 Processes in Cellulose Derivative Structures 355<br /> </b><i>Mihaela Dorina Onofrei, Adina Maria Dobos and Silvia Ioan<br /> <br /> </i>14.1 Introduction 355<br /> <br /> 14.2 Liquid Crystalline Polymers 357<br /> <br /> 14.3 Liquid Crystal Dispersed in a Polymer Matrix 359<br /> <br /> 14.4 Techniques for Obtaining Liquid Crystals Dispersed into a Polymeric Matrix 360<br /> <br /> 14.5 Some Methods to Characterize the Liquid Crystal State 360<br /> <br /> 14.6 Liquid Crystal State of Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives in Solution 364<br /> <br /> 14.7 Cellulose Derivatives/Polymers Systems 373<br /> <br /> Conclusions 383<br /> <br /> References 384<br /> <br /> <b>15 Cellulose Nanocrystals: Nanostrength for Industrial and Biomedical Applications 393<br /> </b><i>Anuj Kumar, Samit Kumar, Yuvraj Singh Negi and Veena Choudhary<br /> <br /> </i>15.1 Introduction 393<br /> <br /> 15.2 Cellulose and Its Sources 394<br /> <br /> 15.3 Nanocellulose 396<br /> <br /> 15.4 Cellulose Nanocrystals 398<br /> <br /> 15.5 Aqueous Suspension and Drying of CNCs 408<br /> <br /> 15.6 Functionalization of CNCs 410<br /> <br /> 15.7 Processing of CNCs for Biocomposites<br /> <br /> 15.8 Applications of CNCs-Reinforced Biocomposites 416<br /> <br /> 15.9 Biomedical Applications 421<br /> <br /> 15.10 Conclusion 427<br /> <br /> Acknowledgements 428<br /> <br /> References 428<br /> <br /> <b>16 Medical Applications of Cellulose and Its Derivatives: Present and Future 437<br /> </b><i>Karthika Ammini Sindhu, Raghavan Prasanth and Vijay Kumar Thakur<br /> <br /> </i>16.1 Historical Overview 438<br /> <br /> 16.2 Use of Cellulose for Treatment of Renal Failure 439<br /> <br /> 16.3 Types of Membranes  444<br /> <br /> 16.4 Use of Cellulose for Wound Dressing 447<br /> <br /> 16.5 Cotton as Wound Dressing Material 448<br /> <br /> 16.6 Biosynthesis, Structure and Properties of MC 450<br /> <br /> 16.7 MC as a Wound Healing System 451<br /> <br /> 16.8 Microbial Cellulose/Ag Nanocomposite 456<br /> <br /> 16.9 Nanocomposites of Microbial Cellulose and Chitosan 458<br /> <br /> 16.10 Commercialization of Microbial Cellulose 461<br /> <br /> 16.11 Use of Cellulose as Implant Material 462<br /> <br /> 16.12 Dental Applications 470<br /> <br /> Conclusions 471<br /> <br /> Abbreviations 472<br /> <br /> Symbols 472<br /> <br /> References 473<br /> <br /> <b>17 Bacterial Cellulose and Its Multifunctional Composites: Synthesis and Properties</b> <b>479</b><br /> <i>V. Thiruvengadam and Satish Vitta<br /> <br /> </i>17.1 Introduction 479<br /> <br /> 17.2 Magnetic Composites 485<br /> <br /> 17.3 Composites with Catalytic Activity 489<br /> <br /> 17.4 Electrically Conducting Composites 492<br /> <br /> 17.5 Composites as Fuel Cell Components, Electrodes and Membrane 496<br /> <br /> 17.6 Optically Transparent and Mechanically Flexible Composites 499<br /> <br /> 17.7 Summary and Outlook 502<br /> <br /> References 502</p> <p><br /> <br /> </p>
<p><b>Vijay Kumar Thakur</b> (Ph.D.) is a <b>Staff Scientist</b> in the School of Mechanical and Materials Engineeringat Washington State University -U.S.A. He is Editorial Board Member of several International Journals including <i>Advanced Chemistry Letters</i>, <i>Lignocelluloses</i>, <i>Drug Inventions Today</i> (Elsevier), <i>International Journal of Energy Engineering</i>, <i>Journal of Textile Science & Engineering</i> (U.S.A)> to name a few and also member of scientific bodies around the world.<br />His former appointments include <i>Research Scientist</i> in Temasek Laboratories, Nanyang Technological University, SINGAPORE, <b>Visiting Research Fellow</b> in the Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, LHU-TAIWAN and <b>Post Doctorate</b> in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, U.S.A.<br />In his academic career, he has published more than 100 research articles, patent and conference proceedings in the field of polymers and materials science. He has published ten books and twenty-five book chapters on the advanced state-of-the-art of polymers and materials science with numerous publishers. He has extensive expertise in the synthesis of polymers (natural/ synthetic), nano materials, nanocomposites, biocomposites, graft copolymers, high performance capacitors and electrochromic materials.</p>

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