CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION TO KARST. <p>1.1 Definitions.</p> <p>1.2 The Relationship Between Karst And General Geomorphology And Hydrogeology.</p> <p>1.3 The Global Distribution Of Karst.</p> <p>1.4 The Growth Of Ideas.</p> <p>1.5 Aims Of The Book.</p> <p>1.6 Karst Terminology.</p> <p>CHAPTER 2. THE KARST ROCKS.</p> <p>2.1 Carbonate Rocks And Minerals.</p> <p>2.2 Limestone Compositions And Depositional Facies.</p> <p>2.3 Limestone Diagenesis And The Formation Of Dolomite.</p> <p>2.4 The Evaporite Rocks.</p> <p>2.5. Quartzites And Siliceous Sandstones.</p> <p>2.6 Effects Of Lithologic Properties Upon Karst Development.</p> <p>2.7 Interbedded Clastic Rocks.</p> <p>2.8 Bedding Planes, Joints, Faults And Fracture Traces.</p> <p>2.9 Fold Topography.</p> <p>2.10 Paleokarst Unconformities.</p> <p>CHAPTER 3. DISSOLUTION: CHEMICAL AND KINETIC BEHAVIOUR OF THE KARST ROCKS.</p> <p>3.1 Introduction.</p> <p>3.2 Aqueous Solutions And Chemical Equilibria.</p> <p>3.3 The Dissolution Of Anhydrite, Gypsum And Salt.</p> <p>3.4 The Dissolution Of Silica.</p> <p>3.5 Bicarbonate Equilibria And The Dissolution Of Carbonate Rocks In Normal Meteoric Waters.</p> <p>3.6 The S-O-H System And The Dissolution Of Carbonate Rocks.</p> <p>3.7 Chemical Complications In Carbonate Dissolution.</p> <p>3.8 Biokarst Processes.</p> <p>3.9 Measurements In The Field And Lab; Computer Programs.</p> <p>3.10 Dissolution And Precipitation Kinetics Of Karst Rocks.</p> <p>CHAPTER 4. DISTRIBUTION AND RATE OF KARST DENUDATION.</p> <p>4.1 Global Variations In The Solutional Denudation Of Carbonate Terrains.</p> <p>4.2 Measurement And Calculation Of Solutional Denudation Rates.</p> <p>4.3 Solution Rates In Gypsum, Salt And Other Non-Carbonate Rocks.</p> <p>4.4 Interpretation Of Measurements.</p> <p>CHAPTER 5. KARST HYDROLOGY.</p> <p>5.1 Basic Hydrological Concepts, Terms And Definitions.</p> <p>5.2 Controls On The Development Of Karst Hydrologic Systems.</p> <p>5.3 Energy Supply And Flow Network Development.</p> <p>5.4 Development Of The Water Table And Phreatic Zones.</p> <p>5.5 Development Of The Vadose Zone.</p> <p>5.6 Classification And Characteristics Of Karst Aquifers.</p> <p>5.7 Applicability Of Darcy's Law To Karst.</p> <p>5.8 The Fresh Water/Salt Water Interface.</p> <p>CHAPTER 6. ANALYSIS OF KARST DRAINAGE SYSTEMS.</p> <p>6.1 The 'Grey Box' Nature Of Karst.</p> <p>6.2 Surface Exploration And Survey Techniques.</p> <p>6.3 Investigating Recharge And Percolation In The Vadose Zone.</p> <p>6.4 Borehole Analysis.</p> <p>6.5 Spring Hydrograph Analysis.</p> <p>6.6 Polje Hydrograph Analysis.</p> <p>6.7 Spring Chemograph Interpretation.</p> <p>6.8 Storage Volumes And Flow Routing Under Different States Of The Hydrograph.</p> <p>6.9 Interpreting The Organisation Of A Karst Aquifer.</p> <p>6.10 Water Tracing Techniques.</p> <p>6.11 Computer Modelling Of Karst Aquifers.</p> <p>CHAPTER 7. SPELEOGENESIS: THE DEVELOPMENT OF CAVE SYSTEMS.</p> <p>7.1 Classifying Cave Systems.</p> <p>7.2 Building The Plan Patterns Of Unconfined Caves.</p> <p>7.3 Unconfined Cave Development In Length And Depth.</p> <p>7.4 System Modifications Occurring Within A Single Phase.</p> <p>7.5 Multi-Phase Cave Systems.</p> <p>7.6 Meteoric Water Caves Developed Where There Is Confined Circulation Or Basal Injection Of Water.</p> <p>7.7 Hypogene Caves: (A) Hydrothermal Caves Associated Chiefly With Co<sub>2</sub>.</p> <p>7.8 Hypogene Caves: (B) Caves Formed By Waters Containing H<sub>2</sub>s.</p> <p>7.9 Sea Coast Eogenetic Caves.</p> <p>7.10 Passage Cross-Sections And Smaller Features Of Erosional Morphology.</p> <p>7.11 Condensation, Condensation Corrosion, And Weathering In Caves.</p> <p>7.12 Breakdown In Caves.</p> <p>CHAPTER 8. CAVE INTERIOR DEPOSITS.</p> <p>8.1 Introduction.</p> <p>8.2 Clastic Sediments.</p> <p>8.3 Calcite, Aragonite And Other Carbonate Precipitates.</p> <p>8.4 Other Cave Minerals.</p> <p>8.5 Ice In Caves.</p> <p>8.6 Dating Of Calcite Speleothems And Other Cave Deposits.</p> <p>8.7 Paleo-Environmental Analysis Of Calcite Speleothems.</p> <p>8.8 Mass Flux Through A Cave System: The Example Of Friar’s Hole, W.Va.</p> <p>CHAPTER 9. KARST LANDFORM DEVELOPMENT IN HUMID REGIONS.</p> <p>9.1 Coupled Hydrological And Geochemical Systems.</p> <p>9.2 Small Scale Solution Sculpture - Microkarren And Karren.</p> <p>9.3 Dolines - The 'Diagnostic' Karst Landform?</p> <p>9.4 The Origin And Development Of Solution Dolines.</p> <p>9.5 The Origin Of Collapse And Subsidence Depressions.</p> <p>9.6 Polygonal Karst.</p> <p>9.7 Morphometric Analysis Of Solution Dolines.</p> <p>9.8 Landforms Associated With Allogenic Inputs.</p> <p>9.9 Karst Poljes.</p> <p>9.10 Corrosional Plains And Shifts In Baselevel.</p> <p>9.11 Residual Hills On Karst Plains.</p> <p>9.12 Depositional And Constructional Karst Features.</p> <p>9.13 Special Features Of Evaporite Terrains.</p> <p>9.14 Karstic Features Of Quartzose And Other Rocks.</p> <p>9.15 Sequences Of Carbonate Karst Evolution In Humid Terrains.</p> <p>CHAPTER 10.THE INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE, CLIMATIC CHANGE AND OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON KARST DEVELOPMENT.</p> <p>10.1 The Precepts Of Climatic Geomorphology.</p> <p>10.2 The Hot Arid Extreme.</p> <p>10.3 The Cold Extreme: 1 Karst Development In Glaciated Terrains.</p> <p>10.4 The Cold Extreme: 2 Karst Development In Permafrozen Terrains.</p> <p>10.5 Sea Level Changes, Tectonic Movement And Implications For Coastal Karst Development.</p> <p>10.6 Polycyclic, Polygenetic And Exhumed Karsts.</p> <p>CHAPTER 11. KARST WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT.</p> <p>11.1 Water Resources And Sustainable Yields.</p> <p>11.2 Determination Of Available Water Resources.</p> <p>11.3 Karst Hydrogeological Mapping.</p> <p>11.4 Human Impacts On Karst Water.</p> <p>11.5 Groundwater Vulnerability, Protection, And Risk Mapping.</p> <p>11.6 Dam Building, Leakages, Failures And Impacts.</p> <p>CHAPTER 12. HUMAN IMPACTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL REHABILITATION.</p> <p>12.1 The Inherent Vulnerability Of Karst Systems.</p> <p>12.2 Deforestation, Agricultural Impacts And Rocky Desertification.</p> <p>12.3 Sinkholes Induced By De-Watering, Surcharging, Solution Mining And Other Practices On Karst.</p> <p>12.4 Problems Of Construction On And In The Karst Rocks - Expect The Unexpected!</p> <p>12.5 Industrial Exploitation Of Karst Rocks And Minerals.</p> <p>12.6 Restoration Of Karstlands And Rehabilitation Of Limestone Quarries.</p> <p>12.7 Sustainable Management Of Karst.</p> <p>12.8 Scientific, Cultural And Recreational Values Of Karstlands.</p>