Details

The Liver


The Liver

Biology and Pathobiology
6. Aufl.

von: Irwin M. Arias, Harvey J. Alter, James L. Boyer, David E. Cohen, David A. Shafritz, Snorri S. Thorgeirsson, Allan W. Wolkoff

278,99 €

Verlag: Wiley-Blackwell
Format: PDF
Veröffentl.: 20.01.2020
ISBN/EAN: 9781119436843
Sprache: englisch
Anzahl Seiten: 1152

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Beschreibungen

<p><b>Bridging the gap between basic scientific advances and the understanding of liver disease — the extensively revised new edition of the premier text in the field.</b> </p> <p>The latest edition of<i> The Liver: Biology and Pathobiology</i> remains a definitive volume in the field of hepatology, relating advances in biomedical sciences and engineering to understanding of liver structure, function, and disease pathology and treatment. Contributions from leading researchers examine the cell biology of the liver, the pathobiology of liver disease, the liver’s growth, regeneration, metabolic functions, and more.</p> <p>Now in its sixth edition, this classic text has been exhaustively revised to reflect new discoveries in biology and their influence on diagnosing, managing, and preventing liver disease. Seventy new chapters — including substantial original sections on liver cancer and groundbreaking advances that will have significant impact on hepatology — provide comprehensive, fully up-to-date coverage of both the current state and future direction of hepatology. Topics include liver RNA structure and function, gene editing, single-cell and single-molecule genomic analyses, the molecular biology of hepatitis, drug interactions and engineered drug design, and liver disease mechanisms and therapies. Edited by globally-recognized experts in the field, this authoritative volume:</p> <ul> <li>Relates molecular physiology to understanding disease pathology and treatment</li> <li>Links the science and pathology of the liver to practical clinical applications</li> <li>Features 16 new “Horizons” chapters that explore new and emerging science and technology</li> <li>Includes plentiful full-color illustrations and figures</li> </ul> <p><i>The Liver: Biology and Pathobiology, Sixth Edition</i> is an indispensable resource for practicing and trainee hepatologists, gastroenterologists, hepatobiliary and liver transplant surgeons, and researchers and scientists in areas including hepatology, cell and molecular biology, virology, and drug metabolism.</p>
<p>List of Contributors x</p> <p>Preface xx</p> <p>Acknowledgments xxi</p> <p><b>Part One: Introduction 1</b></p> <p>1 Organizational Principles of the Liver 3<br /><i>Peter Nagy, Snorri S. Thorgeirsson, and Joe W. Grisham</i></p> <p>2 Embryonic Development of the Liver 14<br /><i>Kenneth S. Zaret, Roque Bort, and Stephen A. Duncan</i></p> <p><b>Part Two: The Cells 23</b></p> <p><b>Section A: Cell Biology of the Liver 25</b></p> <p>3 Cytoskeletal Motors: Structure and Function in Hepatocytes 27<br /><i>Mukesh Kumar, Arnab Gupta, and Roop Mallik</i></p> <p>4 Hepatocyte Surface Polarity 36<br /><i>Anne Müsch and Irwin M. Arias</i></p> <p>5 Primary Cilia 50<br /><i>Carolyn M. Ott</i></p> <p>6 Endocytosis in Liver Function and Pathology 62<br /><i>Micah B. Schott, Barbara Schroeder, and Mark A. McNiven</i></p> <p>7 The Hepatocellular Secretory Pathway 75<br /><i>Catherine L. Jackson and Mark A. McNiven</i></p> <p>8 Mitochondrial Function, Dynamics, and Quality Control 86<br /><i>Marc Liesa, Ilan Benador, Nathanael Miller, and Orian S. Shirihai</i></p> <p>9 Nuclear Pore Complex 94<br /><i>Michelle A. Veronin and Joseph S. Glavy</i></p> <p>10 Protein Maturation and Processing at the Endoplasmic Reticulum 108<br /><i>Ramanujan S. Hegde</i></p> <p>11 Protein Degradation and the Lysosomal System 122<br /><i>Susmita Kaushik and Ana Maria Cuervo</i></p> <p>12 Peroxisome Assembly, Degradation, and Disease 137<br /><i>Rong Hua and Peter K. Kim</i></p> <p>13 Organelle–Organelle Contacts: Origins and Functions 151<br /><i>Uri Manor</i></p> <p>14 Gap and Tight Junctions in Liver: Structure, Function, and Pathology 160<br /><i>John W. Murray and David C. Spray</i></p> <p>15 Ribosome Biogenesis and its Role in Cell Growth and Proliferation in the Liver 174<br /><i>Katherine I. Farley‐Barnes and Susan J. Baserga</i></p> <p>16 miRNAs and Hepatocellular Carcinoma 183<br /><i>Yusuke Yamamoto, Isaku Kohama, and Takahiro Ochiya</i></p> <p>17 Hepatocyte Apoptosis: Mechanisms and Relevance in Liver Diseases 195<br /><i>Harmeet Malhi and Gregory J. Gores</i></p> <p><b>Section B: The Hepatocyte 207</b></p> <p>18 Copper Metabolism and the Liver 209<br /><i>Cynthia Abou Zeid, Ling Yi, and Stephen G. Kaler</i></p> <p>19 The Central Role of the Liver in Iron Storage and Regulation of Systemic Iron Homeostasis 215<br /><i>Tracey A. Rouault, Victor R. Gordeuk, and Gregory J. Anderson</i></p> <p>20 Disorders of Bilirubin Metabolism 229<br /><i>Namita Roy Chowdhury, Yanfeng Li, and Jayanta Roy Chowdhury</i></p> <p>21 Hepatic Lipid Droplets in Liver Function and Disease 245<br /><i>Douglas G. Mashek, Wenqi Cui, Linshan Shang, and Charles P. Najt</i></p> <p>22 Lipoprotein Metabolism and Cholesterol Balance 255<br /><i>Mariana Acuña‐Aravena and David E. Cohen</i></p> <p><b>Section C: Transporters, Bile Acids, and Cholestasis 269</b></p> <p>23 Bile Acid Metabolism in Health and Disease: An Update 271<br /><i>Tiangang Li and John Y.L. Chiang</i></p> <p>24 TGR5 (GPBAR1) in the Liver 286<br /><i>Verena Keitel, Christoph G.W. Gertzen, Lina Spomer, Holger Gohlke, and Dieter Häussinger</i></p> <p>25 Bile Acids as Signaling Molecules 299<br /><i>Thierry Claudel and Michael Trauner</i></p> <p>26 Hepatic Adenosine Triphosphate‐Binding Cassette Transport Proteins and Their Role in Physiology 313<br /><i>Peter L.M. Jansen</i></p> <p>27 Basolateral Plasma Membrane Organic Anion Transporters 327<br /><i>M. Sawkat Anwer and Allan W. Wolkoff</i></p> <p>28 Hepatic Nuclear Receptors 337<br /><i>Raymond E. Soccio</i></p> <p>29 Molecular Cholestasis 351<br /><i>Paul Gissen and Richard J. Thompson</i></p> <p>30 Pathophysiologic Basis for Alternative Therapies for Cholestasis 364<br /><i>Claudia D. Fuchs, Emina Halilbasic, and Michael Trauner</i></p> <p>31 Adaptive Regulation of Hepatocyte Transporters in Cholestasis 378<br /><i>James L. Boyer</i></p> <p><b>Section D: Non‐Hepatocyte Cells 391</b></p> <p>32 Cholangiocyte Biology and Pathobiology 393<br /><i>Massimiliano Cadamuro, Romina Fiorotto, and Mario Strazzabosco</i></p> <p>33 Polycystic Liver Diseases: Genetics, Mechanisms, and Therapies 408<br /><i>Tatyana Masyuk, Anatoliy Masyuk, and Nicholas LaRusso</i></p> <p>34 The Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cell: Basic Biology and Pathobiology 422<br /><i>Karen K. Sørensen and Bård Smedsrød</i></p> <p>35 Fenestrations in the Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cell 435<br /><i>Victoria C. Cogger, Nicholas J. Hunt, and David G. Le Couteur</i></p> <p>36 Stellate Cells and Fibrosis 444<br /><i>Youngmin A. Lee and Scott L. Friedman</i></p> <p><b>Part Three: Functions of The Liver 455</b></p> <p><b>Section A: Metabolic Functions 457</b></p> <p>37 Non‐alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Insulin Resistance 459<br /><i>Max C. Petersen, Varman T. Samuel, Kitt Falk Petersen, and Gerald I. Shulman</i></p> <p>38 AMPK: Central Regulator of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism and Target of Type 2 Diabetes Therapeutics 472<br /><i>Daniel Garcia, Maria M. Mihaylova, and Reuben J. Shaw</i></p> <p>39 Insulin‐Mediated PI3K and AKT Signaling 485<br /><i>Hyokjoon Kwon and Jeffrey E. Pessin</i></p> <p>40 Ca<sup>2+</sup> Signaling in the Liver 496<br /><i>Mateus T. Guerra, M. Fatima Leite, and Michael H. Nathanson</i></p> <p>41 Clinical Genomics of NAFLD 509<br /><i>Frank Lammert</i></p> <p><b>Section B: Liver Growth and Regeneration 521</b></p> <p>42 Stem Cell‐Fueled Maturational Lineages in Hepatic and Pancreatic Organogenesis 523<br /><i>Wencheng Zhang, Amanda Allen, Eliane Wauthier, Xianwen Yi, Homayoun Hani, Praveen</i> <i>Sethupathy, David Gerber, Vincenzo Cardinale, Guido Carpino, Juan Dominguez‐Bendala, Giacomo</i> <i>Lanzoni, Domenico Alvaro, Eugenio Gaudio, and Lola Reid</i></p> <p>43 Developmental Morphogens and Adult Liver Repair 539<br /><i>Mariana Verdelho Machado and Anna Mae Diehl</i></p> <p>44 Liver Repopulation by Cell Transplantation and the Role of Stem Cells in Liver Biology 550<br /><i>David A. Shafritz and Markus Grompe</i></p> <p>45 Liver Regeneration 566<br /><i>George K. Michalopoulos</i></p> <p>46 β‐Catenin Signaling 585<br /><i>Satdarshan P.S. Monga</i></p> <p>47 Polyploidy in Liver Function, Mitochondrial Metabolism, and Cancer 603<br /><i>Evan R. Delgado, Elizabeth C. Stahl, Nairita Roy, Patrick D. Wilkinson, and Andrew W. Duncan</i></p> <p><b>Part Four: Pathobiology of Liver Disease 615</b></p> <p>48 Hepatic Encephalopathy 617<br /><i>Roger F. Butterworth</i></p> <p>49 The Kidney in Liver Disease 630<br /><i>Moshe Levi, Shogo Takahashi, Xiaoxin X. Wang, and Marilyn E. Levi</i></p> <p>50 α1‐Antitrypsin Deficiency 645<br /><i>David A. Rudnick and David H. Perlmutter</i></p> <p>51 Pathophysiology of Portal Hypertension 659<br /><i>Yasuko Iwakiri and Roberto J. Groszmann</i></p> <p>52 Non‐alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Mechanisms and Treatment 670<br /><i>Yaron Rotman and Devika Kapuria</i></p> <p>53 Alcoholic Liver Disease 682<br /><i>Bin Gao, Xiaogang Xiang, Lorenzo Leggio, and George F. Koob</i></p> <p>54 Drug‐Induced Liver Injury 701<br /><i>Lily Dara and Neil Kaplowitz</i></p> <p>55 Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in the Liver 714<br /><i>John J. Lemasters and Hartmut Jaeschke</i></p> <p>56 The Role of Bile Acid‐Mediated Inflammation in Cholestatic Liver Injury 728<br /><i>Shi‐Ying Cai, Man Li, and James L. Boyer</i></p> <p>57 Toll‐like Receptors in Liver Disease 737<br /><i>So Yeon Kim and Ekihiro Seki</i></p> <p><b>Part Five: Liver Cancer 747</b></p> <p>58 Experimental Models of Liver Cancer: Genomic Assessment of Experimental Models 749<br /><i>Sun Young Yim, Jae‐Jun Shim, Bo Hwa Sohn, and Ju‐Seog Lee</i></p> <p>59 Epidemiology of Hepatocellular Carcinoma 758<br /><i>Hashem B. El‐Serag</i></p> <p>60 Mutations and Genomic Alterations in Liver Cancer 773<br /><i>Jessica Zucman‐Rossi and Jean‐Charles Nault</i></p> <p>61 Treatment of Liver Cancer 782<br /><i>Tim F. Greten</i></p> <p><b>Part Six: Hepatitis 793</b></p> <p>62 Molecular Biology of Hepatitis Viruses 795<br /><i>Christoph Seeger, William S. Mason, and Michael M.C. Lai</i></p> <p>63 Immune Mechanisms of Viral Clearance and Disease Pathogenesis During Viral Hepatitis 821<br /><i>Carlo Ferrari, Valeria Barili, Stefania Varchetta, and Mario U. Mondelli</i></p> <p>64 Clinical Implications of the Molecular Biology of Hepatitis B Virus 851<br /><i>Timothy M. Block, Ju‐Tao Guo, and W. Thomas London</i></p> <p>65 Viral Escape Mechanisms in Hepatitis C and the Clinical Consequences of Persistent Infection 868<br /><i>Marc G. Ghany, Christopher M. Walker, and Patrizia Farci</i></p> <p>66 Tracking Hepatitis C Virus Interactions with the Hepatic Lipid Metabolism : A Hitchhiker’s Guide to Solve Remaining Translational Research Challenges in Hepatitis C 889<br /><i>Gabrielle Vieyres and Thomas Pietschmann</i></p> <p>67 Nucleoside Antiviral Agents for HCV: What’s Left to Do? 906<br /><i>Franck Amblard, Seema Mengshetti, Junxing Shi, Sijia Tao, Leda Bassit, and Raymond F. Schinazi</i></p> <p>68 Hepatitis E Virus: An Emerging Zoonotic Virus Causing Acute and Chronic Liver Disease 915<br /><i>Xiang‐Jin Meng</i></p> <p>69 Biological Principles and Clinical Issues Underlying Liver Transplantation for Viral‐Induced End‐Stage Liver Disease in the Era of Highly Effective Direct‐Acting Antiviral Agents 926<br /><i>Michael S. Kriss, James R. Burton, Jr., and Hugo R. Rosen</i></p> <p>70 Time for the Elimination of Hepatitis C Virus as a Global Health Threat 935<br /><i>John W. Ward, Alan R. Hinman, and Harvey J. Alter</i></p> <p><b>Part Seven: Horizons 953</b></p> <p>71 Genome Editing by Targeted Nucleases and the CRISPR/Cas Revolution 955<br /><i>Shawn M. Burgess</i></p> <p>72 Imaging Cellular Proteins and Structures: Smaller, Brighter, and Faster 965<br /><i>Aubrey V. Weigel and Erik Lee Snapp</i></p> <p>73 Liver‐Directed Gene Therapy 979<br /><i>Patrik Asp, Chandan Guha, Namita Roy Chowdhury, and Jayanta Roy Chowdhury</i></p> <p>74 Telomeres and Telomerase in Liver Generation and Cirrhosis 992<br /><i>Sonja C. Schätzlein and K. Lenhard Rudolph</i></p> <p>75 Toxins and Biliary Atresia 1000<br /><i>Michael Pack and Rebecca G. Wells</i></p> <p>76 The Dual Role of ABC Transporters in Drug Metabolism and Resistance to Chemotherapy 1007<br /><i>Jean‐Pierre Gillet, Marielle Boonen, Michel Jadot, and Michael M. Gottesman</i></p> <p>77 Stem Cell‐Derived Liver Cells: From Model System to Therapy 1015<br /><i>Helmuth Gehart and Hans Clevers</i></p> <p>78 Extracellular Vesicles and Exosomes: Biology and Pathobiology 1022<br /><i>Gyongyi Szabo and Fatemeh Momen‐Heravi</i></p> <p>79 Integrated Technologies for Liver Tissue Engineering 1028<br /><i>Tiffany N. Vo, Amanda X. Chen, Quinton B. Smith, Arnav Chhabra and Sangeeta N. Bhatia</i></p> <p>80 Pluripotent Stem Cells and Reprogramming: Promise for Therapy 1036<br /><i>James A. Heslop and Stephen A. Duncan</i></p> <p>81 Chromatin Regulation and Transcription Factor Cooperation in Liver Cells 1043<br /><i>Ido Goldstein</i></p> <p>82 Drug Interactions in the Liver 1050<br /><i>Guruprasad P. Aithal and Gerd A. Kullak‐Ublick</i></p> <p>83 Metabolic Regulation of Hepatic Growth 1058<br /><i>Wolfram Goessling</i></p> <p>84 The Gut Microbiome and Liver Disease 1062<br /><i>Lexing Yu, Jasmohan S. Bajaj, and Robert F. Schwabe</i></p> <p>85 Lineage Tracing: Efficient Tools to Determine the Fate of Hepatic Cells in Health and Disease 1069<br /><i>Frédéric Lemaigre</i></p> <p>86 The Hepatocyte as a Household for Plasmodium Parasites 1075<br /><i>Vanessa Zuzarte‐Luis and Maria M. Mota</i></p> <p>Index 1081</p>
<p><b>IRWIN M. ARIAS, MD,</b> National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. <p><b>HARVEY J. ALTER, MD,</b> National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. <p><b>JAMES L. BOYER, MD,</b> Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA. <p><b>DAVID E. COHEN, MD,</b> Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA. <p><b>DAVID A. SHAFRITZ, MD,</b> Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA. <p><b>SNORRI S. THORGEIRSSON, MD,</b> National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. <p><b>ALLAN W. WOLKOFF, MD,</b> Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA.
<p><b>Bridging the gap between basic scientific advances and the understanding of liver disease—the extensively revised new edition of the premier text in the field</b> <p>The latest edition of<i> The Liver: Biology and Pathobiology</i> remains a definitive volume in the field of hepatology, relating advances in biomedical sciences and engineering to understanding of liver structure, function, and disease pathology and treatment. Contributions from leading researchers examine the cell biology of the liver, the pathobiology of liver disease, the liver's growth, regeneration, metabolic functions, and more. <p>Now in its sixth edition, this classic text has been exhaustively revised to reflect new discoveries in biology and their influence on diagnosing, managing, and preventing liver disease. Seventy new chapters — including substantial original sections on liver cancer and groundbreaking advances that will have significant impact on hepatology — provide comprehensive, fully up-to-date coverage of both the current state and future direction of hepatology. Topics include liver RNA structure and function, gene editing, single-cell and single-molecule genomic analyses, the molecular biology of hepatitis, drug interactions and engineered drug design, and liver disease mechanisms and therapies. Edited by globally-recognized experts in the field, this authoritative volume: <ul> <li>Relates molecular physiology to understanding disease pathology and treatment</li> <li>Links the science and pathology of the liver to practical clinical applications</li> <li>Features 16 new "Horizons" chapters that explore new and emerging science and technology</li> <li>Includes plentiful full-color illustrations and figures</li> </ul> <p><i>The Liver: Biology and Pathobiology, Sixth Edition</i> is an indispensable resource for practicing and trainee hepatologists, gastroenterologists, hepatobiliary and liver transplant surgeons, and researchers and scientists in areas including hepatology, cell and molecular biology, virology, and drug metabolism.

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