Details

<p>Foreword xi</p> <p>Preface xiii</p> <p>Introduction 1</p> <p><b>1 Overview 3</b></p> <p>1.1 Basic Concept of Non?]Service Interruption Working 3</p> <p>1.1.1 Basic Method of Live Line Working 4</p> <p>1.1.2 Bypass Working and Mobile Power Working 6</p> <p>1.2 Development of Working Techniques 8</p> <p>1.2.1 Development History of Live Line Working 8</p> <p>1.2.2 From Live Line Working to Live Line Working Robot 10</p> <p>1.2.3 Live Line Working by Helicopter 12</p> <p>1.2.4 Development From Live Line Working to Non?]Service Interruption Working 15</p> <p>1.3 Power Supply Reliability and Power Outage Losses 15</p> <p>1.3.1 Reliability Indexes 16</p> <p>1.3.2 Analysis of Indexes of Power Supply Reliability 17</p> <p>1.3.3 Power Outage Losses 20</p> <p>1.4 Analysis of Effect of Working Techniques 23</p> <p>References 26</p> <p><b>2 Distribution Grid and Its Working Techniques 27</b></p> <p>2.1 Basic Concept of Distribution Grid 27</p> <p>2.2 Basic Configuration of Distribution Grid 31</p> <p>2.2.1 Distribution Network Configuration 31</p> <p>2.2.2 Composition of Overhead Distribution Lines 34</p> <p>2.2.3 Composition of Distribution Cable Line 50</p> <p>2.2.4 Other Common Distribution Equipment 54</p> <p>2.3 Technical Principles of Distribution Non?]Service Interruption Working 63</p> <p>2.3.1 Earth Potential Working 65</p> <p>2.3.2 Middle Potential Working 67</p> <p>2.3.3 Equipotential Working 69</p> <p>2.4 Types of Distribution Line Poles and Live Line Working 70</p> <p>2.4.1 Classification of Pole Types 70</p> <p>2.4.2 Conductor Spacing in Tower and Spacing Between Conductors and Surroundings 72</p> <p>2.4.3 Types of Poles Suitable for Live Line Working 75</p> <p>References 77</p> <p><b>3 Theoretical Basis of Working Techniques 79</b></p> <p>3.1 Analysis of Influence of Electricity on Human Bodies 79</p> <p>3.1.1 Influence Brought by Current on Human Bodies 79</p> <p>3.1.2 Influence of Electric Field on Human Bodies 81</p> <p>3.2 Overvoltage During Working 84</p> <p>3.2.1 Switching Overvoltage 85</p> <p>3.2.2 Temporary Overvoltage 86</p> <p>3.3 Dielectric Properties 89</p> <p>3.3.1 Conductance and Insulation Resistance of Dielectric 89</p> <p>3.3.2 Breakdown Strength and Discharge Characteristic of Dielectric 94</p> <p>3.4 Insulation Coordination and Safety Spacing 101</p> <p>3.4.1 Insulation Coordination 101</p> <p>3.4.2 Safety Spacing 107</p> <p>References 110</p> <p><b>4 Common Working Tools and Usages 111</b></p> <p>4.1 Insulating Tools 111</p> <p>4.1.1 Common Insulating Materials 111</p> <p>4.1.2 Insulating Poles 114</p> <p>4.1.3 Insulating Ropes and Cords 118</p> <p>4.2 Protective Appliances 122</p> <p>4.2.1 Insulating Shielding Appliances 123</p> <p>4.2.2 Insulating Blanket (Mat) 125</p> <p>4.2.3 Insulating Protective Appliances 126</p> <p>4.3 Other Working Tools 131</p> <p>4.3.1 Tensioner 131</p> <p>4.3.2 Insulating Tape Lever Hoist 132</p> <p>4.3.3 Instruments and Meters 133</p> <p>4.4 The Making of Working Tools 139</p> <p>4.4.1 Material Selection 139</p> <p>4.4.2 Design and Processing 141</p> <p>4.4.3 Simulation Drill and Practical Application 144</p> <p>4.5 The Usage and Management of Working Tools 146</p> <p>4.5.1 Storage and Maintenance of Live Line Working Tools 146</p> <p>4.5.2 Warehouse of Live Line Working Tools and Management 147</p> <p>4.5.3 Modern Identifications and Intelligent Management of Tools 160</p> <p>References 161</p> <p><b>5 Test Techniques for Working Tools 163</b></p> <p>5.1 Test Items 163</p> <p>5.1.1 Classification of Tests 163</p> <p>5.1.2 Test Items 164</p> <p>5.1.3 Technical Standards of Tests 166</p> <p>5.2 Test of Common Insulating Tools 169</p> <p>5.2.1 Test of Insulating Pole 169</p> <p>5.2.2 Test of Insulating Tackle 177</p> <p>5.2.3 Test of Insulating Hard Ladder 178</p> <p>5.2.4 Test of Insulating Rope 180</p> <p>5.2.5 Test of Insulating Hand Tool 184</p> <p>5.2.6 Test of Insulating Shielding Cover 187</p> <p>5.2.7 Test of Insulating Blanket (Mat) 191</p> <p>5.2.8 Test of Insulating Clothing (Shawls) 193</p> <p>5.2.9 Test of Insulating Gloves 195</p> <p>5.2.10 Test of Insulating Shoes (Boots) 197</p> <p>5.2.11 Test of Insulating Helmet 198</p> <p>References 200</p> <p><b>6 Application of Aerial Device with Insulating Boom and Insulating Platform 201</b></p> <p>6.1 Aerial Device with Insulating Boom 201</p> <p>6.1.1 Introduction to Aerial Device with Insulating Boom 201</p> <p>6.1.2 Use and Operation of Aerial Device with Insulating Boom 205</p> <p>6.1.3 Maintenance and Service of Aerial Device with Insulating Boom 213</p> <p>6.1.4 Test of Aerial Device with Insulating Boom 215</p> <p>6.2 Insulating Platform 226</p> <p>6.2.1 Introduction to Insulating Platform 226</p> <p>6.2.2 Use and Maintenance of Insulating Platform 228</p> <p>6.2.3 Test of Insulating Platform 229</p> <p>6.3 Operational Robot 236</p> <p>6.3.1 Introduction to Operational Robots 236</p> <p>6.3.2 Working Tools 248</p> <p>6.3.3 Test of Insulation Performance 251</p> <p>References 255</p> <p><b>7 Medium?]Voltage Distribution Live Line Working 257</b></p> <p>7.1 Basic Working Procedures and Methods 257</p> <p>7.1.1 Meteorological Conditions for Working 257</p> <p>7.1.2 Basic Working Procedures 260</p> <p>7.1.3 Working Instructions 264</p> <p>7.1.4 Basic Working Methods 265</p> <p>7.2 Working Techniques for Simple and Regular Works 269</p> <p>7.2.1 Repairing Conductors 269</p> <p>7.2.2 Live Line Connection (Removal) of No?]Load By?]Pass Jumpers 272</p> <p>7.2.3 Replacing Tension Insulators 286</p> <p>7.2.4 Replacing Cross Arms and Insulators in a Suspension Pole 290</p> <p>7.2.5 Replacing Lightening Arresters 293</p> <p>7.3 Working Techniques for Complex and Comprehensive Works 296</p> <p>7.3.1 Live Line Installation of a Pole 296</p> <p>7.3.2 Replacing a Suspension Pole 310</p> <p>7.3.3 Changing a Suspension Pole to a Tension Pole 316</p> <p>7.3.4 On?]Load Replacement of Pole?]Mounted Switches 322</p> <p>7.3.5 On?]Load Installation of Pole?]Mounted Breakers 332</p> <p>References 337</p> <p><b>8 Low?]Voltage Distribution Live Line Working 339</b></p> <p>8.1 Key Working Techniques 339</p> <p>8.1.1 Safety Measures for Working 339</p> <p>8.1.2 Technical Measures for Working 342</p> <p>8.2 Working Items and Methods 343</p> <p>8.2.1 Live Line Connection of a Low?]Voltage Service Conductor 343</p> <p>8.2.2 Connection of Power Source for a Low?]Voltage Distribution Box 345</p> <p>8.2.3 Live Line Treatment of a Broken Service Conductor 347</p> <p>8.2.4 Live Line Replacement of a Three?]Phase Four?]Wire Watt?]Hour Meter 348</p> <p>8.2.5 Live Line Isolation of a Failed Watt?]Hour Meter 350</p> <p>References 351</p> <p><b>9 Bypass Working and Mobile Power Working 353</b></p> <p>9.1 Basic Methods of Bypass Working 353</p> <p>9.1.1 Bypass Cable Method 354</p> <p>9.1.2 Bypass Overhead Line Method 359</p> <p>9.1.3 Safety Measures for Bypass Working 363</p> <p>9.2 Mobile Generation Working Techniques 364</p> <p>9.2.1 Operating Principle and Wiring 365</p> <p>9.2.2 Operations of Mobile Generator Vehicle 366</p> <p>9.2.3 Method of Power Supply by Mobile Generator Vehicle 371</p> <p>9.3 EPS Working Techniques 374</p> <p>9.3.1 Operating Principle of EPS 374</p> <p>9.3.2 Operations of EPS Vehicle 378</p> <p>9.3.3 Operating Essentials of Power Supply by EPS Vehicle 379</p> <p>9.3.4 Maintenance of EPS Vehicle 381</p> <p>9.4 Mobile Prefabricated Transformer Working Techniques 384</p> <p>9.4.1 Power Supply Principle of Mobile Prefabricated Transformer 384</p> <p>9.4.2 Changing Pole?]Mounted Transformer 386</p> <p>9.5 Cable Non?]Service Interruption Working Techniques 391</p> <p>9.5.1 Overview of Power Supply Using Bypass Cable 391</p> <p>9.5.2 Equipment Commonly Used for Working 393</p> <p>9.5.3 Main Working Techniques 403</p> <p>References 432</p> <p><b>10 Working Management and Emergency Measures 433</b></p> <p>10.1 Work Management 433</p> <p>10.1.1 Organization and Management 433</p> <p>10.1.2 Safety Management 435</p> <p>10.1.3 Relevant Regulations and Technical Standards 437</p> <p>10.1.4 Working Management Documents 438</p> <p>10.1.5 Management of New Working Subjects 439</p> <p>10.1.6 Management of New R&D Projects 441</p> <p>10.2 Training and Management of Workers 441</p> <p>10.2.1 Induction Training of New Workers 442</p> <p>10.2.2 Daily Training of Workers 442</p> <p>10.2.3 Assessment and Management of Workers 443</p> <p>10.2.4 Training Base 443</p> <p>10.3 Emergency Measures for Working 444</p> <p>10.3.1 Emergency Measures for Abrupt Change of Weather 445</p> <p>10.3.2 Emergency Measures for Failure of Major Working Tools 446</p> <p>10.3.3 Emergency Measures for Personal Injuries 448</p> <p>10.3.4 Training and Drill 453</p> <p>References 453</p> <p><b>Annex: Distribution Non?]service Interruption Working Instructions (Template) 455</b></p> <p>Appendix 1: General Guidelines for Safety of Live Line Working 467</p> <p>Appendix 2: Technical Guidelines for Common Working Tools 477</p> <p>Index 501</p>

<p> Tianyou Li, State Grid Fujian Electric Power Company Limited, China <p>QIUJIN LIN, Quanzhou Power Bureau, China <p>Genghuang Chen, Quanzhou Power Bureau, China

<p>This book examines the methods and techniques of live-line working on distribution networks, which are closely combined with field practices and management experiences. A range of detailed field working illustrations, plus panoramic field graphics, are provided to help readers understand and address practical engineering challenges.</p> <ul> <li>Introduces live-line working technology for the operation and maintenance of medium and low voltage power distribution networks, covering methods and techniques of live-line working on distribution networks with O&M field practices and experiences</li> <li>Elaborates the technical basis and working principles of live-line working in detail, with current application technology, tools and working methods</li> <li>Combining theory and practice closely, it provides technical guidance and helpful references to technical personnel who are engaged in distribution operation management, as well as related academics and researchers</li> <li>Written by a team of authors with extensive experience in both industry and academic fields, providing first-hand testimony of the issues facing electricity distribution companies, and offering sound theoretical foundations and rich field experiences</li> </ul><br> <p>This useful reference is written with power engineers in mind; graduate students of electrical engineering and industry professionals will also benefit from this comprehensive text.

SG