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Information, Technology, and Innovation

Resources for Growth in a Connected World
1. Aufl.

von: John M. Jordan
38,99 €
Verlag:	Wiley
Format:	PDF
Veröffentl.:	23.02.2012
ISBN/EAN:	9781118225981
Sprache:	englisch
Anzahl Seiten:	416

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Beschreibungen

Titelbeschreibung

A big-picture look at how the latest trends in information management and technology are impacting business models and innovation worldwide With all of the recent emphasis on "big data," analytics and visualization, and emerging technology architectures such as smartphone networks, social media, and cloud computing, the way we do business is undergoing rapid change. The right business model can create overnight sensations—think of Groupon, the iPad, or Facebook. At the same time, alternative models for organizing resources such as home schooling, Linux, or Kenya's Ushihidi tool transcend conventional business designs. Timely and visionary, Information, Technology, and the Future of Commerce looks at how the latest technology trends and their impact on human behavior are impacting business practices from recruitment through marketing, supply chains, and customer service. <ul> <li>Discusses information economics, human behavior, technology platforms, and other facts of contemporary life</li> <li>Examines how humans organize resources and do work in the changing landscape</li> <li>Provides case studies profiling how competitive advantage can be a direct result of innovative business models that exploit these trends</li> </ul> Revealing why traditional strategy formulation is challenged by the realities of the connected world, Information, Technology, and the Future of Commerce ties technology to business and social environments in an approachable, informed manner with innovative, big-picture analysis of what's taking place now in information strategy and technology.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Preface xv Acknowledgments xix Section I Foundations 1 Chapter 1 Introduction 3 Cognition 4 Innovation 6 The Macro Picture 8 Earthquakes Every Year 11 Themes 18 We’ve Seen This Movie Before 21 Notes 23 Chapter 2 Demographics 25 Is There a “Net Generation”? 26 Digital Natives 28 Millennials at Work 29 Behavior and Expectations 30 Looking Ahead 30 Notes 33 Chapter 3 Behavioral Economics 35 Challenges to Economic Man 35 Behavioral Economics in a Networked Age 37 Looking Ahead 40 Notes 41 Chapter 4 Information Economics 43 Information Goods 44 Pricing Information: Versioning and Bundling 46 Network Effects 48 Lock-in 49 Looking Ahead 50 Notes 55 Chapter 5 Platforms 57 Strategic Levers 60 Looking Ahead 63 Notes 63 Chapter 6 Power Laws and Their Implications 65 A Bit of History 65 Long-Tail Successes 67 Cautionary Tales 67 Facts of Life 68 Implications 69 Looking Ahead 70 Notes 71 Chapter 7 Security and Risk 73 Landscape 73 Information Space Is Neither Average nor Normal 75 People Systematically Misestimate Risk 76 Doing It Right 77 Looking Ahead 81 Notes 81 Section II Work and Organization 83 Chapter 8 A Brief History of Organizational Innovation 85 1776: Division of Labor 85 1860–1890: Railroads and the Rise of Administration 86 1910: Scientific Management and the Further Division of Labor 87 1930s: Alfred Sloan at General Motors 88 1937–1981: Transaction Costs 88 1980s: Economies of Scope and Core Competencies 89 1995: Linux as “Commons-Based Peer Production” 90 2000: Offshore 91 Looking Ahead 91 Notes 92 Chapter 9 Firms, Ecosystems, and Collaboratives 93 Emerging Nonfirm Models 93 Distributed Capital 98 Looking Ahead 100 Notes 101 Chapter 10 Government 103 The Biggest Employer 104 Government Hiring at a Crossroads 107 Inevitable Downsizing 108 Government on the Technology Landscape 110 Looking Ahead 112 Notes 113 Chapter 11 Crowds 115 Crowdsourcing: Group Effort 115 Information Markets and Other Crowd Wisdom 119 Varieties of Market Experience 122 Looking Ahead 123 Notes 124 Chapter 12 Mobility 127 Bottom Up 127 Search Costs 130 Supply Chain Efficiency 130 Mobile Phone Industry Impact 131 Risk Mitigation 132 Apps for Change 133 Looking Ahead 136 Notes 137 Chapter 13 Work 139 The Big Picture: Macro Trends 139 Where 141 Outputs 143 Skills 144 Work 146 Looking Ahead 149 Notes 150 Chapter 14 Productivity 153 Classic Productivity Definitions 154 Services Productivity 155 Services Productivity and Information Technology 156 Information Technology and Unemployment 158 Looking Ahead 159 Notes 160 Section III Business Model Disruption 161 Chapter 15 Business Model Overview 163 Definition 164 Changing Minds, Changing Models 165 Disruptive Innovation 166 Disruptive Innovation as Paradigm Shift 168 Looking Ahead 168 Notes 169 Chapter 16 Data and Communications 171 Evolution of the Incumbent Business Model, 1877–1996 171 Business Model Disruption, 1996–2010 174 Implications of “Stupid” Networks 177 Looking Ahead 178 Notes 178 Chapter 17 Software Business Models 179 Incumbent Model Pre-2000 179 Business Model Disruption after 1998 181 Looking Ahead 187 Notes 188 Chapter 18 Music Business Models 189 Incumbent Model Pre-2000 189 Business Model Disruption Pre-Napster 192 Business Model Disruption Post-Napster 194 Looking Ahead 197 Notes 198 Chapter 19 News 199 Incumbent Formula Pre-2005 199 Business Model Disruption 203 Looking Ahead 205 Notes 207 Chapter 20 Healthcare 209 Definitions 210 Healthcare as Car Repair for People? 211 Following the Money 212 Where Information Technology Can and Cannot Help 214 Disruptive Innovation 216 Looking Ahead 219 Notes 220 Chapter 21 Two Disruptions that Weren’t 221 Retail 221 Real Estate 227 Notes 229 Section IV Technology Landscapes 231 Chapter 22 Code 233 Intangibility 234 Fungibility 235 Code Embeds Value Judgments 236 Metadata 237 Social Metadata 238 Looking Ahead 240 Notes 241 Chapter 23 Sensors 243 Historical Roots 243 Ubiquity 244 Current Examples 246 Phones as Sensors 249 Looking Ahead 250 Notes 251 Chapter 24 The Internet and Other Networks 253 Legacy Telecom Network Principles 254 Defense Origins of the Internet 255 Internet Principles 257 Consequences of Internet Principles 259 Looking Ahead 260 Notes 260 Chapter 25 Location Awareness 263 Variations on a Theme 265 Landmarks 266 Location, Mobility, and Identity 268 Looking Ahead 270 Notes 270 Chapter 26 Clouds 271 Both Technical and Economic Innovation 272 Cloud Computing and the Enterprise 273 The Cloud Will Change How Resources Are Organized 275 Practical Considerations 276 Looking Ahead 278 Notes 278 Chapter 27 Wireless 281 Precedents 281 The Breakthrough 286 Looking Ahead 289 Notes 290 Chapter 28 Search 291 Why Search Matters: Context 291 The Wide Reach of Search 294 Valuing Search 296 Looking Ahead 297 Notes 301 Chapter 29 Analytics 303 Why Now? 304 Practical Considerations: Why Analytics Is Still Hard 308 Looking Ahead 309 Notes 310 Chapter 30 Information Visualization 311 Supply 311 Demand 311 Audience 312 Definition and Purpose 312 Current State 313 Looking Ahead 316 Notes 317 Section V Some Big Questions 319 Chapter 31 Identity and Privacy 321 Privacy 322 Scale 323 Invisibility 325 Identity 326 Looking Ahead 327 Notes 329 Chapter 32 Communications and Relationships 331 Connections 331 Networks 336 Creation 340 Looking Ahead 341 Notes 342 Chapter 33 Place, Space, and Time 343 Virtuality 345 Organizations 346 Automata 347 Implications 348 Looking Ahead 349 Notes 350 Chapter 34 Conflict 351 Warfare between Nation-States 351 Non-Nation-State Actors 353 Emerging Offensive Weapons 357 Looking Ahead 358 Notes 359 Chapter 35 Innovation 361 Amazon 361 Crowds 367 Looking Ahead 369 Notes 370 Chapter 36 Information, Technology, and Innovation 371 Macro Issues 371 Globalization 372 Strategy 373 Organizations 380 Marketing 381 Supply Chains 385 The IT Shop 386 Implications 387 The Last Word . . . 388 Notes 388 About the Author 391 Index 393

Autorenportrait

JOHN M. JORDAN is a clinical professor in the Department of Supply Chain and Information Systems at the Smeal College of Business, Penn State University, where he teaches IT strategy to undergraduates, MBAs, and executives. His research focuses on emerging technologies and their impact on business strategy, design, and practice.

Back cover copy

Information, Technology, and Innovation Resources for Growth in a Connected World Incredibly rapid innovation is a hallmark of our time. The social media discount site Groupon went from revenues of $33 million in 2009 to $760 million in 2010. Facebook has crossed 800 million users since its launch in a dorm room seven years ago. Kiva—the online lending platform—funded $200 million in microloans to people around the world in less than six years. While these types of organizations and achievements were inconceivable only a decade ago, many other corporate giants have either lost their competitive foothold or completely closed shop. Information, Technology, and Innovation provides you with the tools and knowledge to survive the shifting sands of today's rapidly changing business models. Author and IT strategist John Jordan examines basic principles underlying technology, management, and economics to show how rapid innovation is reinventing competition in today's fast-paced global marketplace. Addressing the many ways in which IT has drastically altered the business landscape over the past forty years—the personal computer, the Internet, GPS, cell phones, and smartphones—Information, Technology, and Innovation reviews the consequences of our technological revolution and shows how to move forward by incorporating these traits into new innovations. By examining several recently displaced industries, Information, Technology, and Innovation reveals a variety of ways that technology innovation can translate into a mix of threats to established patterns of business behavior, as well as opportunities, including: <ul> <li>The Music Industry: How at least a dozen changes to the music industry business model—including MTV and the surge of mega-retailers—helped set the stage for the disruptive threat from Napster</li> <li>Newspapers: Was Google the sole culprit in the demise of news readership and will the increase of tablet users help re-energize the business?</li> <li>Health Care: How Wal-Mart, CVS, and Walgreens are placing clinics in selected pharmacies to address routine matters that would often otherwise require an emergency room visit</li> </ul> Information, Technology, and Innovation also discusses the various technologies you can use as building blocks to move your business forward and concludes with five broad areas of rapid change in the foreseeable future. The ways people behave, relate to each other, and organize themselves to work are changing at warp speed. Information, Technology, and Innovation shows you how to make sense of today's rapid changes by moving beyond a mindset of optimization. Instead, the wealth of technological and organizational changes is the starting point for tomorrow's business transformations.