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<p>About the Companion Website xi</p> <p><b>1. Introduction 1</b></p> <p>1.1 Historical Notes 2</p> <p>1.2 Common HVAC Units and Dimensions 3</p> <p>1.3 Fundamental Physical Concepts 6</p> <p>1.4 Additional Comments 18</p> <p>References 19</p> <p>Problems 19</p> <p><b>2. Air-Conditioning Systems 22</b></p> <p>2.1 The Complete System 22</p> <p>2.2 System Selection and Arrangement 24</p> <p>2.3 HVAC Components and Distribution Systems 27</p> <p>2.4 Types of All-Air Systems 28</p> <p>2.5 Air-and-Water Systems 35</p> <p>2.6 All-Water Systems 37</p> <p>2.7 Decentralized Cooling and Heating 38</p> <p>2.8 Heat Pump Systems 41</p> <p>2.9 Heat Recovery Systems 43</p> <p>2.10 Thermal Energy Storage 44</p> <p>References 45</p> <p>Problems 46</p> <p><b>3. Moist Air Properties and Conditioning Processes 49</b></p> <p>3.1 Moist Air and The Standard Atmosphere 49</p> <p>3.2 Fundamental Parameters 51</p> <p>3.3 Adiabatic Saturation 53</p> <p>3.4 Wet Bulb Temperature and the Psychrometric Chart 55</p> <p>3.5 Classic Moist Air Processes 57</p> <p>3.6 Space Air Conditioning—Design Conditions 66</p> <p>3.7 Space Air Conditioning—Off-Design Conditions 77</p> <p>References 81</p> <p>Problems 81</p> <p><b>4. Comfort and Health—Indoor Environmental Quality 86</b></p> <p>4.1 Comfort—Physiological Considerations 87</p> <p>4.2 Environmental Comfort Indices 87</p> <p>4.3 Comfort Conditions 91</p> <p>4.4 The Basic Concerns of IAQ 93</p> <p>4.5 Common Contaminants 94</p> <p>4.6 Methods to Control Humidity 96</p> <p>4.7 Methods to Control Contaminants 98</p> <p>References 116</p> <p>Problems 116</p> <p><b>5. Heat Transmission in Building Structures 120</b></p> <p>5.1 Basic Heat-Transfer Modes 120</p> <p>5.2 Tabulated Overall Heat-Transfer Coefficients 139</p> <p>5.3 Moisture Transmission 154</p> <p>References 155</p> <p>Problems 155</p> <p><b>6. Space Heating Load 159</b></p> <p>6.1 Outdoor Design Conditions 159</p> <p>6.2 Indoor Design Conditions 160</p> <p>6.3 Transmission Heat Losses 161</p> <p>6.4 Infiltration 161</p> <p>6.5 Heat Losses from Air Ducts 174</p> <p>6.6 Auxiliary Heat Sources 176</p> <p>6.7 Intermittently Heated Structures 176</p> <p>6.8 Supply Air for Space Heating 176</p> <p>6.9 Source Media for Space Heating 177</p> <p>6.10 Computer Calculation of Heating Loads 178</p> <p>References 179</p> <p>Problems 180</p> <p><b>7. Solar Radiation 182</b></p> <p>7.1 Thermal Radiation 182</p> <p>7.2 The Earth’s Motion About the Sun 185</p> <p>7.3 Time 186</p> <p>7.4 Solar Angles 188</p> <p>7.5 Solar Irradiation 191</p> <p>7.6 Heat Gain Through Fenestrations 198</p> <p>7.7 Energy Calculations 213</p> <p>References 214</p> <p>Problems 214</p> <p><b>8. The Cooling Load 217</b></p> <p>8.1 Heat Gain, Cooling Load, and Heat Extraction Rate 217</p> <p>8.2 Application of Cooling Load Calculation Procedures 220</p> <p>8.3 Design Conditions 221</p> <p>8.4 Internal Heat Gains 222</p> <p>8.5 Overview of the Heat Balance Method 226</p> <p>8.6 Transient Conduction Heat Transfer 228</p> <p>8.7 Outside Surface Heat Balance—Opaque Surfaces 232</p> <p>8.8 Fenestration—Transmitted Solar Radiation 238</p> <p>8.9 Interior Surface Heat Balance—Opaque Surfaces 240</p> <p>8.10 Surface Heat Balance—Transparent Surfaces 246</p> <p>8.11 Zone Air Heat Balance 250</p> <p>8.12 Implementation of the Heat Balance Method 255</p> <p>8.13 Radiant Time Series Method 256</p> <p>8.14 Implementation of the Radiant Time Series Method 266</p> <p>8.15 Supply Air Quantities 273</p> <p>References 273</p> <p>Problems 275</p> <p><b>9. Energy Calculations and Building Simulation 279</b></p> <p>9.1 Degree-Day Procedure 279</p> <p>9.2 Bin Method 282</p> <p>9.3 Comprehensive Simulation Methods 287</p> <p>9.4 Energy Calculation Tools 293</p> <p>9.5 Other Aspects of Building Simulation 294</p> <p>References 294</p> <p>Problems 297</p> <p><b>10. Flow, Pumps, and Piping Design 298</b></p> <p>10.1 Fluid Flow Basics 298</p> <p>10.2 Centrifugal Pumps 309</p> <p>10.3 Combined System and Pump Characteristics 313</p> <p>10.4 Piping System Fundamentals 317</p> <p>10.5 System Design 335</p> <p>10.6 Steam Heating Systems 343</p> <p>References 356</p> <p>Problems 357</p> <p><b>11. Space Air Diffusion 363</b></p> <p>11.1 Behavior of Jets 363</p> <p>11.2 Air-Distribution System Design 371</p> <p>References 388</p> <p>Problems 388</p> <p><b>12. Fans and Building Air Distribution 391</b></p> <p>12.1 Fans 391</p> <p>12.2 Fan Relations 391</p> <p>12.3 Fan Performance and Selection 396</p> <p>12.4 Fan Installation 403</p> <p>12.5 Field Performance Testing 410</p> <p>12.6 Fans and Variable-Air-Volume Systems 412</p> <p>12.7 Air Flow in Ducts 414</p> <p>12.8 Air Flow in Fittings 421</p> <p>12.9 Accessories 434</p> <p>12.10 Duct Design—General 435</p> <p>12.11 Duct Design—Sizing 440</p> <p>References 450</p> <p>Problems 450</p> <p><b>13. Direct Contact Heat and Mass Transfer 456</b></p> <p>13.1 Combined Heat and Mass Transfer 456</p> <p>13.2 Spray Chambers 459</p> <p>13.3 Cooling Towers 467</p> <p>References 474</p> <p>Problems 475</p> <p><b>14. Extended Surface Heat Exchangers 477</b></p> <p>14.1 The Log Mean Temperature Difference (LMTD) Method 478</p> <p>14.2 The Number of Transfer Units (NTU) Method 479</p> <p>14.3 Heat Transfer—Single-Component Fluids 480</p> <p>14.4 Transport Coefficients Inside Tubes 487</p> <p>14.5 Transport Coefficients Outside Tubes and Compact Surfaces 492</p> <p>14.6 Design Procedures for Sensible Heat Transfer 498</p> <p>14.7 Combined Heat and Mass Transfer 509</p> <p>References 520</p> <p>Problems 520</p> <p><b>15. Refrigeration 524</b></p> <p>15.1 The Performance of Refrigeration Systems 524</p> <p>15.2 The Theoretical Single-Stage Compression Cycle 526</p> <p>15.3 Refrigerants 529</p> <p>15.4 Refrigeration Equipment Components 535</p> <p>15.5 The Real Single-Stage Cycle 549</p> <p>15.6 Absorption Refrigeration 555</p> <p>15.7 The Theoretical Absorption Refrigeration System 565</p> <p>15.8 The Aqua–Ammonia Absorption System 567</p> <p>15.9 The Lithium Bromide–Water System 571</p> <p>References 574</p> <p>Problems 574</p> <p><b>Appendix A. Thermophysical Properties 577</b></p> <p>Table A.1a Properties of Refrigerant 718 (Water–Steam)—English Units 578</p> <p>Table A.1b Properties of Refrigerant 718 (Water–Steam)—SI Units 579</p> <p>Table A.2a Properties of Refrigerant 134a (1,1,1,2 Tetrafluoroethane)—English Units 580</p> <p>Table A.2b Properties of Refrigerant 134a (1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane)—SI Units 582</p> <p>Table A.3a Properties of Refrigerant 22 (Chlorodifluoromethane)—English Units 584</p> <p>Table A.3b Properties of Refrigerant 22 (Chlorodifluoromethane)—SI Units 586</p> <p>Table A.4a Air—English Units 588</p> <p>Table A.4b Air—SI Units 589</p> <p><b>Appendix B. Weather Data 590</b></p> <p>Table B.1a Heating and Cooling Design Conditions—United States, Canada, and the World—English Units 591</p> <p>Table B.1b Heating and Cooling Design Conditions—United States, Canada, and World—SI Units 594</p> <p>Table B.2 Annual Bin Weather Data for Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 35 24 N, 97 36 W, 1285 ft Elevation 597</p> <p>Table B.3 Annual Bin Weather Data for Chicago, Illinois, 41 47 N, 87 45 W, 607 ft Elevation 597</p> <p>Table B.4 Annual Bin Weather Data for Denver, Colorado, 39 45 N, 104 52 W, 5283 ft Elevation 598</p> <p>Table B.5 Annual Bin Weather Data for Washington, D.C., 38 51 N, 77 02 W, 14 ft Elevation 598</p> <p><b>Appendix C. Pipe and Tube Data 599</b></p> <p>Table C.1 Steel Pipe Dimensions—English and SI Units 600</p> <p>Table C.2 Type L Copper Tube Dimensions—English and SI Units 601</p> <p><b>Appendix D. Useful Data 602</b></p> <p>Table D.1 Conversion Factors 603</p> <p><b>Appendix E. Charts 605</b></p> <p>Chart 1a ASHRAE psychrometric chart no. 1 (IP) (Reprinted by permission of ASHRAE.) 606</p> <p>Chart 1b ASHRAE psychrometric chart no. 1 (SI) (Reprinted by permission of ASHRAE.) 607</p> <p>Chart 1Ha ASHRAE psychrometric chart no. 4 (IP) (Reprinted by permission of ASHRAE.) 608</p> <p>Chart 1Hb ASHRAE psychrometric chart no. 6 (SI) (Reprinted by permission of ASHRAE.) 609</p> <p>Chart 2 Enthalpy–concentration diagram for ammonia–water solutions (From Unit Operations by G. G. Brown, Copyright © 1951 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.) 610</p> <p>Chart 3 Pressure–enthalpy diagram for refrigerant 134a (Reprinted by permission.) 611</p> <p>Chart 4 Pressure–enthalpy diagram for refrigerant 22</p> <p>(Reprinted by permission.) 612</p> <p>Chart 5 Enthalpy–concentration diagram for Lithium Bromide–water solutions (Courtesy of Institute of Gas Technology, Chicago IL.) 613</p> <p>Chart 6 Pressure-Enthalpy Diagram for Freon™ 407C (SI Units). Courtesy of Chemours 614</p> <p>Chart 7 Pressure-Enthalpy Diagram for Freon™ 407A (SI Units). Courtesy of Chemours 615</p> <p>Chart 8 Pressure-Enthalpy Diagram for Freon™ 410A (SI Units). Courtesy of Chemours 616</p> <p>Index 617</p>

<p>The late <b>Faye C. McQuiston</b> was Professor Emeritus of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at Oklahoma State University. <p>The late <b>Jerald D. Parker</b> was Professor Emeritus at Oklahoma Christian University who also spent 33 years on the faculty at Oklahoma State University. <p><b>Jeffrey D. Spitler</b> is Regents Professor and OG&E Energy Technology Chair in the School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at Oklahoma State University. <p><b>Hessam Taherian</b> is Assistant Teaching Professor at Penn State Harrisburg.

<p><b>The authoritative resource providing coverage of all aspects of HVAC, fully updated to align with the latest HVAC technologies and methods</b> <p>Now in its Seventh Edition, <i>Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning</i> has been fully updated to align with the latest technologies and industry developments while maintaining the balance of theoretical information with practical applications that has prepared many generations of students for their careers. <p>As they work through the book, students will become familiar with different types of heating and air conditioning systems and equipment, understand processes and concepts involving moist atmospheric air, learn how to provide comfort to occupants in controlled spaces, and gain practice calculating probable heat loss/gain and energy requirements. A companion website includes additional multiple-choice questions, tutorial videos showing problem-solving for R-value calculation, and Excel spreadsheets that can be used for practice calculations. <p>The Seventh Edition includes new coverage of ductless A/C systems, heat exchangers and hybrid heat pumps, geothermal heat pumps, energy-efficient equipment, and UV principles of air quality treatment of airborne viruses like COVID-19. <p><i>Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning</i> includes detailed coverage of topics such as: <ul><li>Common HVAC units and dimensions, fundamental physical concepts, and system selection and arrangement</li> <li>Types of all-air systems, air-and-water systems, all-water systems, and decentralized cooling and heating</li> <li>Moist air and the standard atmosphere, fundamental parameters, adiabatic saturation, and wet bulb temperature and the psychrometric chart</li> <li>Outdoor and indoor design conditions, transmission heat losses, infiltration, heat losses from air ducts, auxiliary heat sources, and intermittently heated structures</li> <li>Heat gain, cooling load, and heat extraction rate, and application of cooling load calculation procedures</li> <li>Selection of pumps and fans, and duct HVAC sizing</li></ul> <p><i>Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning</i> helps prepare students for the industry by connecting the content to ASHRAE standards and by introducing coverage of software tools commonly used in HVAC design. The text is suitable for one- or two-semester HVAC courses taught at junior to graduate levels in various engineering departments.

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