Details

Ecohydraulics


Ecohydraulics

An Integrated Approach
1. Aufl.

von: Ian Maddock, Atle Harby, Paul Kemp, Paul J. Wood

100,99 €

Verlag: Wiley-Blackwell
Format: EPUB
Veröffentl.: 01.07.2013
ISBN/EAN: 9781118526743
Sprache: englisch
Anzahl Seiten: 464

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Beschreibungen

<p><i>Ecohydraulics: An Integrated Approach</i>provides a research level text which highlights recent developments of this emerging and expanding field.  With a focus on interdisciplinary research the text examines:-</p> <ul> <li>the evolution and scope of ecohydraulics</li> <li>interactions between hydraulics, hydrology, fluvial geomorphology and aquatic ecology</li> <li>the application of habitat modelling in ecohydraulic studies</li> <li>state of the art methodological developments and approaches</li> <li>detailed case studies including fish passage design and the management of environmental flow regimes</li> <li>research needs and the future of ecohydraulics research</li> </ul> <p>The contributions offer broad geographic coverage to encapsulate the wide range of approaches, case studies and methods used to conduct ecohydraulics research. The book considers a range of spatial and temporal scales of relevance and aquatic organisms ranging from algae and macrophytes to macroinvertebrates and fish.  River management and restoration are also considered in detail, making this volume of direct relevance to those concerned with cutting edge research and its application for water resource management.</p> <p>Aimed at academics and postgraduate researchers in departments of physical geography, earth sciences, environmental science, environmental management, civil engineering, biology, zoology, botany and ecology; <i>Ecohydraulics: An Integrated Approach</i> will be of direct relevance to academics, researchers and professionals working in environmental research organisations, national agencies and consultancies.</p>
List of Contributors, xi <p><b>1 Ecohydraulics: An Introduction, 1</b><br /> <i>Ian Maddock, Atle Harby, Paul Kemp and Paul Wood</i></p> <p>1.1 Introduction, 1</p> <p>1.2 The emergence of ecohydraulics, 2</p> <p>1.3 Scope and organisation of this book, 4</p> <p>References, 4</p> <p><b>Part I Methods and Approaches</b></p> <p><b>2 Incorporating Hydrodynamics into Ecohydraulics: The Role of Turbulence in the Swimming Performance and Habitat Selection of Stream-Dwelling Fish, 9</b><br /> <i>Martin A. Wilkes, Ian Maddock, Fleur Visser and Michael C. Acreman</i></p> <p>2.1 Introduction, 9</p> <p>2.2 Turbulence: theory, structure and measurement, 11</p> <p>2.3 The role of turbulence in the swimming performance and habitat selection of river-dwelling fish, 20</p> <p>2.4 Conclusions, 24</p> <p>Acknowledgements, 25</p> <p>References, 25</p> <p><b>3 Hydraulic Modelling Approaches for Ecohydraulic Studies: 3D, 2D, 1D and Non-Numerical Models, 31</b><br /> <i>Daniele Tonina and Klaus Jorde</i></p> <p>3.1 Introduction, 31</p> <p>3.2 Types of hydraulic modelling, 32</p> <p>3.3 Elements of numerical hydrodynamic modelling, 33</p> <p>3.4 3D modelling, 49</p> <p>3.5 2D models, 55</p> <p>3.6 1D models, 57</p> <p>3.7 River floodplain interaction, 59</p> <p>3.8 Non-numerical hydraulic modelling, 60</p> <p>3.9 Case studies, 60</p> <p>3.10 Conclusions, 64</p> <p>Acknowledgements, 66</p> <p>References, 66</p> <p><b>4 The Habitat Modelling System CASiMiR: A Multivariate Fuzzy Approach and its Applications, 75</b><br /> <i>Markus Noack, Matthias Schneider and Silke Wieprecht</i></p> <p>4.1 Introduction, 75</p> <p>4.2 Theoretical basics of the habitat simulation tool CASiMiR, 76</p> <p>4.3 Comparison of habitat modelling using the multivariate fuzzy approach and univariate preference functions, 80</p> <p>4.4 Simulation of spawning habitats considering morphodynamic processes, 82</p> <p>4.5 Habitat modelling on meso- to basin-scale, 85</p> <p>4.6 Discussion and conclusions, 87</p> <p>References, 89</p> <p><b>5 Data-Driven Fuzzy Habitat Models: Impact of Performance Criteria and Opportunities for Ecohydraulics, 93</b><br /> <i>Ans Mouton, Bernard De Baets and Peter Goethals</i></p> <p>5.1 Challenges for species distribution models, 93</p> <p>5.2 Fuzzy modelling, 95</p> <p>5.3 Case study, 100</p> <p>References, 105</p> <p><b>6 Applications of the MesoHABSIM Simulation Model, 109</b><br /> <i>Piotr Parasiewicz, Joseph N. Rogers, Paolo Vezza, Javier Gort´azar, Thomas Seager, Mark Pegg, Wies©©aw Wi´sniewolski and Claudio Comoglio</i></p> <p>6.1 Introduction, 109</p> <p>6.2 Model summary, 109</p> <p>Acknowledgements, 123</p> <p>References, 123</p> <p><b>7 The Role of Geomorphology and Hydrology in Determining Spatial-Scale Units for Ecohydraulics, 125</b><br /> <i>Elisa Zavadil and Michael Stewardson</i></p> <p>7.1 Introduction, 125</p> <p>7.2 Continuum and dis-continuum views of stream networks, 126</p> <p>7.3 Evolution of the geomorphic scale hierarchy, 127</p> <p>7.4 Defining scale units, 131</p> <p>7.5 Advancing the scale hierarchy: future research priorities, 139</p> <p>References, 139</p> <p><b>8 Developing Realistic Fish Passage Criteria: An Ecohydraulics Approach, 143</b><br /> <i>Andrew S. Vowles, Lynda R. Eakins, Adam T. Piper, James R. Kerr and Paul Kemp</i></p> <p>8.1 Introduction, 143</p> <p>8.2 Developing fish passage criteria, 144</p> <p>8.3 Conclusions, 151</p> <p>8.4 Future challenges, 152</p> <p>References, 152</p> <p><b>Part II Species–Habitat Interactions</b></p> <p><b>9 Habitat Use and Selection by Brown Trout in Streams, 159</b><br /> <i>Jan Heggenes and Jens Wollebæk</i></p> <p>9.1 Introduction, 159</p> <p>9.2 Observation methods and bias, 160</p> <p>9.3 Habitat, 161</p> <p>9.4 Abiotic and biotic factors, 161</p> <p>9.5 Key hydraulic factors, 163</p> <p>9.6 Habitat selection, 163</p> <p>9.7 Temporal variability: light and flows, 166</p> <p>9.8 Energetic and biomass models, 168</p> <p>9.9 The hyporheic zone, 169</p> <p>9.10 Spatial and temporal complexity of redd microhabitat, 169</p> <p>9.11 Summary and ways forward, 170</p> <p>References, 170</p> <p><b>10 Salmonid Habitats in Riverine Winter Conditions with Ice, 177</b><br /> <i>Ari Huusko, Teppo Vehanen and Morten Stickler</i></p> <p>10.1 Introduction, 177</p> <p>10.2 Ice processes in running waters, 178</p> <p>10.3 Salmonids in winter ice conditions, 182</p> <p>10.4 Summary and ways forward, 186</p> <p>References, 188</p> <p><b>11 Stream Habitat Associations of the Foothill Yellow-Legged Frog (Rana boylii): The Importance of Habitat Heterogeneity, 193</b><br /> <i>Sarah Yarnell</i></p> <p>11.1 Introduction, 193</p> <p>11.2 Methods for quantifying stream habitat, 194</p> <p>11.3 Observed relationships between R. boylii and stream habitat, 198</p> <p>11.4 Discussion, 204</p> <p>References, 209</p> <p><b>12 Testing the Relationship Between Surface Flow Types and Benthic Macroinvertebrates, 213</b><br /> <i>Graham Hill, Ian Maddock and Melanie Bickerton</i></p> <p>12.1 Background, 213</p> <p>12.2 Ecohydraulic relationships between habitat and biota, 213</p> <p>12.3 Case study, 216</p> <p>12.4 Discussion, 223</p> <p>12.5 Wider implications, 226</p> <p>12.6 Conclusion, 227</p> <p>References, 227</p> <p><b>13 The Impact of Altered Flow Regime on Periphyton, 229</b><br /> <i>Natas¢§a Smolar-Z¢§vanut and Aleksandra Krivograd Klemenc¢§ic¢§</i></p> <p>13.1 Introduction, 229</p> <p>13.2 Modified flow regimes, 230</p> <p>13.3 The impact of altered flow regime on periphyton, 231</p> <p>13.4 Case studies from Slovenia, 236</p> <p>13.5 Conclusions, 240</p> <p>References, 240</p> <p><b>14 Ecohydraulics and Aquatic Macrophytes: Assessing the Relationship in River Floodplains, 245</b><br /> <i>Georg A. Janauer, Udo Schmidt-Mumm and Walter Reckendorfer</i></p> <p>14.1 Introduction, 245</p> <p>14.2 Macrophytes, 246</p> <p>14.3 Life forms of macrophytes in running waters, 248</p> <p>14.4 Application of ecohydraulics for management: a case study on the Danube River and its floodplain, 249</p> <p>14.5 Conclusion, 255</p> <p>Acknowledgements, 255</p> <p>Appendix 14.A: Abbreviations used in Figure 14.5, including full plant names and authorities, 255</p> <p>References, 256</p> <p><b>15 Multi-Scale Macrophyte Responses to Hydrodynamic Stress and Disturbances: Adaptive Strategies and Biodiversity Patterns, 261</b><br /> <i>Sara Puijalon and Gudrun Bornette</i></p> <p>15.1 Introduction, 261</p> <p>15.2 Individual and patch-scale response to hydrodynamic stress and disturbances, 262</p> <p>15.3 Community responses to temporary peaks of flow and current velocity, 266</p> <p>15.4 Macrophyte abundance, biodiversity and succession, 268</p> <p>15.5 Conclusion, 269</p> <p>References, 270</p> <p><b>Part III Management Application Case Studies</b></p> <p><b>16 Application of Real-Time Management for Environmental Flow Regimes, 277</b><br /> <i>Thomas B. Hardy and Thomas A. Shaw</i></p> <p>16.1 Introduction, 277</p> <p>16.2 Real-time management, 278</p> <p>16.3 The setting, 278</p> <p>16.4 The context and challenges with present water allocation strategies, 281</p> <p>16.5 The issues concerning the implementation of environmental flow regimes, 282</p> <p>16.6 Underlying science for environmental flows in the Klamath River, 283</p> <p>16.7 The Water Resource Integrated Modelling System for The Klamath Basin Restoration Agreement, 285</p> <p>16.8 The solution – real-time management, 285</p> <p>16.9 Example RTM implementation, 287</p> <p>16.10 RTM performance, 287</p> <p>16.11 Discussion, 290</p> <p>16.12 Conclusions, 290</p> <p>Acknowledgements, 291</p> <p>References, 291</p> <p><b>17 Hydraulic Modelling of Floodplain Vegetation in Korea: Development and Applications, 293</b><br /> <i>Hyoseop Woo and Sung-Uk Choi</i></p> <p>17.1 Introduction, 293</p> <p>17.2 Modelling of vegetated flows, 294</p> <p>17.3 Floodplain vegetation modelling: From white rivers to green rivers, 300</p> <p>17.4 Conclusions, 306</p> <p>References, 306</p> <p><b>18 A Historical Perspective on Downstream Passage at Hydroelectric Plants in Swedish Rivers, 309</b><br /> <i>Olle Calles, Peter Rivinoja and Larry Greenberg</i></p> <p>18.1 Introduction, 309</p> <p>18.2 Historical review of downstream bypass problems in Sweden, 310</p> <p>18.3 Rehabilitating downstream passage in Swedish Rivers today, 312</p> <p>18.4 Concluding remarks, 319</p> <p>References, 320</p> <p><b>19 Rapid Flow Fluctuations and Impacts on Fish and the Aquatic Ecosystem, 323</b><br /> <i>Atle Harby and Markus Noack</i></p> <p>19.1 Introduction, 323</p> <p>19.2 Rapid flow fluctuations, 325</p> <p>19.3 Methods to study rapid flow fluctuations and their impact, 325</p> <p>19.4 Results, 326</p> <p>19.5 Mitigation, 329</p> <p>19.6 Discussion and future work, 331</p> <p>Acknowledgements, 333</p> <p>References, 334</p> <p><b>20 Ecohydraulic Design of Riffle-Pool Relief and Morphological Unit Geometry in Support of Regulated</b> <b>Gravel-Bed River Rehabilitation, 337<br /> </b><i>Gregory B. Pasternack and Rocko A. Brown</i></p> <p>20.1 Introduction, 337</p> <p>20.2 Experimental design, 338</p> <p>20.3 Results, 347</p> <p>20.4 Discussion and conclusions, 351</p> <p>Acknowledgements, 353</p> <p>References, 353</p> <p><b>21 Ecohydraulics for River Management: Can Mesoscale Lotic Macroinvertebrate Data Inform Macroscale Ecosystem Assessment?, 357</b><br /> <i>Jessica M. Orlofske, Wendy A. Monk and Donald J. Baird</i></p> <p>21.1 Introduction, 357</p> <p>21.2 Lotic macroinvertebrates in a management context, 358</p> <p>21.3 Patterns in lotic macroinvertebrate response to hydraulic variables, 359</p> <p>21.4 Linking ecohydraulics and lotic macroinvertebrate traits, 365</p> <p>21.5 Trait variation among lotic macroinvertebrates in LIFE flow groups, 366</p> <p>21.6 Upscaling from ecohydraulics to management, 370</p> <p>21.7 Conclusions, 371</p> <p>References, 371</p> <p><b>22 Estuarine Wetland Ecohydraulics and Migratory Shorebird Habitat Restoration, 375</b><br /> <i>Jos´e F. Rodr´©¥guez and Alice Howe</i></p> <p>22.1 Introduction, 375</p> <p>22.2 Area E of Kooragang Island, 377</p> <p>22.3 Ecohydraulic and ecogeomorphic characterisation, 378</p> <p>22.4 Modifying vegetation distribution by hydraulic manipulation, 382</p> <p>22.5 Discussion, 388</p> <p>22.6 Conclusions and recommendations, 390</p> <p>References, 392</p> <p><b>23 Ecohydraulics at the Landscape Scale: Applying the Concept of Temporal Landscape Continuity in River Restoration Using Cyclic Floodplain Rejuvenation, 395</b><br /> <i>Gertjan W. Geerling, Harm Duel, Anthonie D. Buijse and Antonius J.M. Smits</i></p> <p>23.1 Introduction, 395</p> <p>23.2 The inspiration: landscape dynamics of meandering rivers, 397</p> <p>23.3 The concept: temporal continuity and discontinuity of landscapes along regulated rivers, 399</p> <p>23.4 Application: floodplain restoration in a heavily regulated river, 401</p> <p>23.5 The strategy in regulated rivers: cyclic floodplain rejuvenation (CFR), 403</p> <p>23.6 General conclusions, 405</p> <p>References, 405</p> <p><b>24 Embodying Interactions Between Riparian Vegetation and Fluvial Hydraulic Processes Within a Dynamic Floodplain Model: Concepts and Applications, 407</b><br /> <i>Gregory Egger, Emilio Politti, Virginia Gar´ofano-G´omez, Bernadette Blamauer, Teresa Ferreira, Rui Rivaes, Rohan Benjankar and Helmut Habersack</i></p> <p>24.1 Introduction, 407</p> <p>24.2 Physical habitat and its effects on floodplain vegetation, 408</p> <p>24.3 Succession phases and their environmental context, 410</p> <p>24.4 Response of floodplain vegetation to fluvial processes, 414</p> <p>24.5 Linking fluvial processes and vegetation: the disturbance regime approach as the backbone for the dynamic model, 415</p> <p>24.6 Model applications, 417</p> <p>24.7 Conclusion, 423</p> <p>Acknowledgements, 424</p> <p>References, 424</p> <p><b>Part IV Conclusion</b></p> <p><b>25 Research Needs, Challenges and the Future of Ecohydraulics Research, 431</b><br /> <i>Ian Maddock, Atle Harby, Paul Kemp and Paul Wood</i></p> <p>25.1 Introduction, 431</p> <p>25.2 Research needs and future challenges, 432</p> <p>References, 435</p> <p>Index, 437</p>
<p>EDITORS<br /><b>IAN MADDOCK</b>, <i>Institute of Science and the Environment, University of Worcester, UK</i></p> <p><b>ATLE HARBY</b>, <i>SINTEF Energy Research, Trondheim, Norway</i></p> <p><b>PAUL KEMP</b>, <i>International Centre for Ecohydraulics Research, University of Southampton, UK</i></p> <p><b>PAUL WOOD</b>, <i>Department of Geography, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, UK AN INTEGRATED APPROACH</i></p>
<p><i>Ecohydraulics: An Integrated Approach</i>provides a research level text which highlights recent developments of this emerging and expanding field.  With a focus on interdisciplinary research the text examines:-</p> <ul> <li>the evolution and scope of ecohydraulics</li> <li>interactions between hydraulics, hydrology, fluvial geomorphology and aquatic ecology</li> <li>the application of habitat modelling in ecohydraulic studies</li> <li>state of the art methodological developments and approaches</li> <li>detailed case studies including fish passage design and the management of environmental flow regimes</li> <li>research needs and the future of ecohydraulics research</li> </ul> <p>The contributions offer broad geographic coverage to encapsulate the wide range of approaches, case studies and methods used to conduct ecohydraulics research. The book considers a range of spatial and temporal scales of relevance and aquatic organisms ranging from algae and macrophytes to macroinvertebrates and fish.  River management and restoration are also considered in detail, making this volume of direct relevance to those concerned with cutting edge research and its application for water resource management.</p> <p>Aimed at academics and postgraduate researchers in departments of physical geography, earth sciences, environmental science, environmental management, civil engineering, biology, zoology, botany and ecology; <i>Ecohydraulics: An Integrated Approach</i> will be of direct relevance to academics, researchers and professionals working in environmental research organisations, national agencies and consultancies.</p>

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