Details

Design of Mechanical Elements


Design of Mechanical Elements

A Concise Introduction to Mechanical Design Considerations and Calculations
1. Aufl.

von: Bart Raeymaekers

73,99 €

Verlag: Wiley
Format: EPUB
Veröffentl.: 25.01.2022
ISBN/EAN: 9781119849964
Sprache: englisch
Anzahl Seiten: 256

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Beschreibungen

<p><b>Provides a student-friendly approach for building the skills required to perform mechanical design calculations </b> <p><i>Design of Mechanical Elements </i>offers an accessible introduction to mechanical design calculations. Written for students encountering the subject for the first time, this concise textbook focuses on fundamental concepts, problem solving, and methodical calculations of common mechanical components, rather than providing a comprehensive treatment of a wide range of components. Each chapter contains a brief overview of key terminology, a clear explanation of the physics underlying the topic, and solution procedures for typical mechanical design and verification problems. <p>The textbook is divided into three sections, beginning with an overview of the mechanical design process and coverage of basic design concepts including material selection, statistical considerations, tolerances, and safety factors. The next section discusses strength of materials in the context of design of mechanical elements, illustrating different types of static and dynamic loading problems and their corresponding failure criteria. In the concluding section, students learn to combine and apply these concepts and techniques to design specific mechanical elements including shafts, bolted and welded joints, bearings, and gears. <ul> <li>Provides a systematic “recipe” students can easily apply to perform mechanical design calculations</li> <li>Illustrates theoretical concepts and procedures for solving mechanical design problems with numerous solved examples </li> <li>Presents easy-to-understand explanations of the considerations and assumptions central to mechanical design</li> <li>Includes end-of-chapter practice problems that strengthen the understanding of calculation techniques</li></ul><p>Supplying the basic skills and knowledge necessary for methodically performing basic mechanical design calculations, <i>Design of Mechanical Elements: A Concise Introduction to Mechanical Design Considerations and Calculations </i>is the perfect primary textbook for single-semester undergraduate mechanical design courses.
<p>About the author xi</p> <p>Preface xiii</p> <p>About the Companion Site xv</p> <p><b>1 Mechanical Design </b><b>1</b></p> <p>1.1 Introduction 1</p> <p>1.2 Mechanical Design Process 1</p> <p>1.3 Mechanical Elements 4</p> <p>1.4 Standards and Codes 4</p> <p>1.5 Uncertainty in Mechanical Design 5</p> <p>1.6 Design for Safety 9</p> <p>1.7 Key Takeaways 9</p> <p>1.8 Problems 10</p> <p><b>2 Material Selection </b><b>13</b></p> <p>2.1 Introduction 13</p> <p>2.2 Material Classification 13</p> <p>2.3 Mechanical Properties 14</p> <p>2.3.1 Strength and Stiffness 14</p> <p>2.3.2 Elastic Versus Plastic Strain 16</p> <p>2.3.3 Resilience 17</p> <p>2.3.4 Toughness 18</p> <p>2.3.5 Engineering Stress–Strain Diagram Summary 19</p> <p>2.3.6 True Stress–Strain Diagram 19</p> <p>2.4 Materials Processing 20</p> <p>2.4.1 Hot Versus Cold Processing 20</p> <p>2.4.2 HotWorking 21</p> <p>2.4.3 ColdWorking 21</p> <p>2.4.3.1 Process 21</p> <p>2.4.3.2 Reduction in Area 22</p> <p>2.4.3.3 ColdWork Factor 23</p> <p>2.4.3.4 Modifying Material Properties Using ColdWork 23</p> <p>2.5 Alloys 26</p> <p>2.5.1 Numbering Systems 26</p> <p>2.5.2 Plain Carbon Steels 27</p> <p>2.5.3 Alloy Steels 28</p> <p>2.6 Key Takeaways 28</p> <p>2.7 Problems 29</p> <p><b>3 Statistical Considerations </b><b>33</b></p> <p>3.1 Introduction 33</p> <p>3.2 Random Variables and Distributions 33</p> <p>3.3 Density Functions 34</p> <p>3.3.1 Probability Density Function 34</p> <p>3.3.2 Cumulative Density Function 34</p> <p>3.4 Metrics to Describe a Distribution 35</p> <p>3.5 Linear Combination of Random Variables 37</p> <p>3.6 Types of Distributions 39</p> <p>3.6.1 Uniform Distribution 39</p> <p>3.6.2 Normal Distribution 41</p> <p>3.6.3 Weibull Distribution 45</p> <p>3.7 Key Takeaways 48</p> <p>3.8 Problems 48</p> <p><b>4 Tolerances </b><b>53</b></p> <p>4.1 Introduction 53</p> <p>4.2 Terminology 53</p> <p>4.3 Preferred Fits and Tolerances 55</p> <p>4.3.1 ISO 286 Method 55</p> <p>4.3.2 Unit Shaft and Unit Hole System 59</p> <p>4.4 Tolerance Stacks 60</p> <p>4.5 Key Takeaways 63</p> <p>4.6 Problems 64</p> <p><b>5 Design for Static Strength </b><b>69</b></p> <p>5.1 Introduction 69</p> <p>5.2 Simple Loading 70</p> <p>5.2.1 Axial Loading 70</p> <p>5.2.2 Bending 71</p> <p>5.2.3 Torsion 72</p> <p>5.3 Stress Concentrations 73</p> <p>5.4 Failure Criteria 79</p> <p>5.4.1 Failure Criteria for Ductile Materials 79</p> <p>5.4.1.1 Maximum Normal Stress Theory (Rankine) 79</p> <p>5.4.1.2 Maximum Shear Stress Theory (Tresca) 79</p> <p>5.4.1.3 Distortion Energy Theory (Von Mises) 80</p> <p>5.4.1.4 Comparison Between Different Failure Criteria 81</p> <p>5.4.2 Failure Criteria for Brittle Materials 82</p> <p>5.4.2.1 Maximum Normal Stress Theory (Rankine) 82</p> <p>5.4.2.2 Coulomb–Mohr Theory 83</p> <p>5.4.2.3 Comparison Between Different Failure Criteria 83</p> <p>5.5 Key Takeaways 85</p> <p>5.6 Problems 85</p> <p><b>6 Design for Fatigue Strength </b><b>91</b></p> <p>6.1 Introduction 91</p> <p>6.1.1 Types of Dynamic Loads 91</p> <p>6.1.2 Fatigue Failure Mechanism 92</p> <p>6.2 Fatigue-life Methods 93</p> <p>6.3 Fatigue Strength 95</p> <p>6.4 Endurance-limit Modifying Factors 96</p> <p>6.4.1 <i>ka</i>: Surface Factor 97</p> <p>6.4.2 <i>kb</i>: Size Factor 97</p> <p>6.4.3 <i>kc</i>: Load Factor 98</p> <p>6.4.4 <i>kd</i>: Temperature Factor 99</p> <p>6.4.5 <i>ke</i>: Reliability Factor 99</p> <p>6.4.6 <i>kf </i>: Miscellaneous Effects Factor 100</p> <p>6.5 Fluctuating Stresses 101</p> <p>6.6 Stress Concentrations 105</p> <p>6.7 Key Takeaways 106</p> <p>6.8 Problems 106</p> <p><b>7 Shafts </b><b>111</b></p> <p>7.1 Introduction 111</p> <p>7.1.1 Practical Considerations Related to Shaft Design 111</p> <p>7.1.2 Torque Transmission 112</p> <p>7.1.2.1 Relationship Between Torque, Power, and RPM 112</p> <p>7.1.2.2 Belt–Pulley Torque Transmission 113</p> <p>7.2 Recipe for Shaft Calculations 113</p> <p>7.2.1 Design Calculation 114</p> <p>7.2.2 Verification Calculation 114</p> <p>7.3 Example Calculations 115</p> <p>7.4 Critical Rotation Frequency of a Shaft 122</p> <p>7.5 Key Takeaways 126</p> <p>7.6 Problems 126</p> <p><b>8 Bolted Joints </b><b>131</b></p> <p>8.1 Introduction 131</p> <p>8.2 Power Screws 131</p> <p>8.2.1 Screw Thread Nomenclature and Geometry 131</p> <p>8.2.2 Power Screw Torque 132</p> <p>8.2.3 Self-locking 135</p> <p>8.2.4 Efficiency of a Power Screw 135</p> <p>8.2.5 Collar Friction 136</p> <p>8.3 Fasteners 139</p> <p>8.3.1 Screw Thread Nomenclature and Geometry 139</p> <p>8.3.2 Fastener Strength Category 141</p> <p>8.3.3 Bolt Preload 141</p> <p>8.3.4 Hexagonal Nuts 142</p> <p>8.3.5 Washers 142</p> <p>8.3.6 Torque Requirement 142</p> <p>8.3.7 Bolted Joints in Tension (Static) 143</p> <p>8.3.7.1 Determining the Preload <i>Fi </i>145</p> <p>8.3.7.2 Stiffness of the Bolt 146</p> <p>8.3.7.3 Stiffness of the Members 148</p> <p>8.3.7.4 Stiffness of Members with a Gasket 149</p> <p>8.3.8 Bolted Joints in Tension (Dynamic) 154</p> <p>8.3.9 Bolted Joints in Shear 157</p> <p>8.4 Key Takeaways 159</p> <p>8.5 Problems 160</p> <p><b>9 Welded Joints </b><b>165</b></p> <p>9.1 Introduction 165</p> <p>9.1.1 Welding Versus Brazing 165</p> <p>9.1.2 Techniques and Materials 165</p> <p>9.2 Welded Joint Geometry 168</p> <p>9.3 Calculation ofWelded Joints 169</p> <p>9.3.1 Butt Welded Joints 170</p> <p>9.3.2 Simple Loading of Unidirectional FilletWelded Joints 170</p> <p>9.3.2.1 Case 1: Axial Load 170</p> <p>9.3.2.2 Case 2: Longitudinal Load 172</p> <p>9.3.2.3 Case 3: Transverse Load 173</p> <p>9.3.2.4 Case 4: In-plane Bending Moment 175</p> <p>9.3.2.5 Case 5: Out-of-plane Bending Moment 177</p> <p>9.3.2.6 Case 6: Torque Moment 178</p> <p>9.3.3 Combined Loading of Unidirectional FilletWelded Joints 180</p> <p>9.3.4 Multidirectional FilletWelded Joints 182</p> <p>9.3.4.1 Multidirectional FilletWelded Joints with In-plane Load, No Bending 182</p> <p>9.3.4.2 Multidirectional FilletWelded Joints with In-plane Load and Bending 182</p> <p>9.3.4.3 Multidirectional FilletWelded Joints with Torque Moment 183</p> <p>9.4 Key Takeaways 187</p> <p>9.5 Problems 187</p> <p><b>10 Rolling Element Bearings </b><b>191</b></p> <p>10.1 Introduction 191</p> <p>10.1.1 Definition 191</p> <p>10.1.2 Terminology and Geometry 191</p> <p>10.1.3 Design Parameters 191</p> <p>10.2 Types of Rolling Element Bearings 192</p> <p>10.3 Hertz Contact Stress 193</p> <p>10.3.1 Hertz Contact Stress Between Spherical Bodies 195</p> <p>10.3.2 Hertz Contact Stress Between Cylindrical Bodies 196</p> <p>10.4 Bearing Calculations 198</p> <p>10.4.1 Bearing Life 198</p> <p>10.4.2 Bearing Load 198</p> <p>10.4.3 Bearing Reliability 200</p> <p>10.4.4 Combined Radial and Axial Loading 203</p> <p>10.5 Key Takeaways 205</p> <p>10.6 Problems 205</p> <p><b>11 Gears </b><b>209</b></p> <p>11.1 Introduction 209</p> <p>11.1.1 Types of Gears 209</p> <p>11.1.2 Terminology 211</p> <p>11.2 Conjugate Gear Tooth Action 213</p> <p>11.3 Kinematics 214</p> <p>11.3.1 Involute 214</p> <p>11.3.2 Contact Ratio 216</p> <p>11.3.3 Gear Tooth System 217</p> <p>11.3.4 Interference 217</p> <p>11.4 Gear Force Analysis 219</p> <p>11.5 Gear Manufacturing 222</p> <p>11.5.1 Forming 222</p> <p>11.5.2 Machining 222</p> <p>11.6 Key Takeaways 223</p> <p>11.7 Problems 223</p> <p><b>A Area Moment of Inertia </b><b>225</b></p> <p>A.1 Introduction 225</p> <p>A.2 Terminology 225</p> <p>A.3 Parallel Axis Theorem 226</p> <p>A.4 Rotation About the Origin 227</p> <p><b>B Internal Force Diagrams </b><b>231</b></p> <p>B.1 Cantilever Beam with End Load 231</p> <p>B.2 Cantilever Beam with Intermediate Load 231</p> <p>B.3 Simple Supported Beam with Center Load 232</p> <p>B.4 Simple Supported Beam with Intermediate Load 233</p> <p><b>C Elementary Stress Element </b><b>235</b></p> <p>C.1 Introduction 235</p> <p>C.2 Principal Stresses 235</p> <p>C.3 Maximum Shear Stress 235</p> <p>Index 237</p>
<p><b>Bart Raeymaekers</b> is a Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Utah, USA. His research focuses on tribology and engineered materials manufacturing and he teaches courses in mechanical design. He is an ASME Fellow and has been a multi-year recipient of the University of Utah, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Outstanding Teaching Award.
<p><b>Provides a student-friendly approach for building the skills required to perform mechanical design calculations </b> <p><i>Design of Mechanical Elements</i> offers an accessible introduction to mechanical design calculations. Written for students encountering the subject for the first time, this concise textbook focuses on fundamental concepts, problem solving, and methodical calculations of common mechanical components, rather than providing a comprehensive treatment of a wide range of components. Each chapter contains a brief overview of key terminology, a clear explanation of the physics underlying the topic, and solution procedures for typical mechanical design and verification problems. <p>The textbook is divided into three sections, beginning with an overview of the mechanical design process and coverage of basic design concepts including material selection, statistical considerations, tolerances, and safety factors. The next section discusses strength of materials in the context of design of mechanical elements, illustrating different types of static and dynamic loading problems and their corresponding failure criteria. In the concluding section, students learn to combine and apply these concepts and techniques to design specific mechanical elements including shafts, bolted and welded joints, bearings, and gears. <ul><li>Provides a systematic “recipe” students can easily apply to perform mechanical design calculations</li> <li>Illustrates theoretical concepts and procedures for solving mechanical design problems with numerous solved examples </li> <li>Presents easy-to-understand explanations of the considerations and assumptions central to mechanical design</li> <li>Includes end-of-chapter practice problems that strengthen the understanding of calculation techniques</li></ul> <p>Supplying the basic skills and knowledge necessary for methodically performing basic mechanical design calculations, <i>Design of Mechanical Elements: A Concise Introduction to Mechanical Design Considerations and Calculations</i> is the perfect primary textbook for single-semester undergraduate mechanical design courses.

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