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<b>Part 1: Introduction to Commercial Real Estate Investing.</b> <p><b>CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION.</b></p> <p>1.1 Types of Real Estate Investors.</p> <p>1.2 Purpose of This Book.</p> <p>1.3 Is this Book for You?</p> <p>1.4 Scope of This Book.</p> <p>1.5 Overcoming the Barriers to Success.</p> <p><b>CHAPTER 2: THE BUSINESS OF COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE.</b></p> <p>2.1 Sorting Out the Terms.</p> <p>2.2 Commercial Real Estate Defined.</p> <p>2.3 Benefits of Investing in Commercial Real Estate.</p> <p>2.4 Evaluating the Market Outlook.</p> <p>2.5 Building Wealth through Real Estate Investing.</p> <p><b>CHAPTER 3: THE SUCCESSFUL INVESTOR.</b></p> <p>3.1 Understanding Risk.</p> <p>3.2 Developing Your Investment Plan.</p> <p>3.3 Excessive Caution Leads to Paralysis.</p> <p><b>Part 2: Understanding the Industry.</b></p> <p><b>CHAPTER 4: LAND USE CONTROLS.</b></p> <p>4.1 Planning in Ontario.</p> <p>4.2 Zoning and Zoning By-laws.</p> <p>4.3 Site Plans and Site Plan Controls.</p> <p>4.4 Building Permits.</p> <p>4.5 Committee of Adjustment.</p> <p>4.6 Ontario Municipal Board.</p> <p>4.7 Heritage Properties.</p> <p>4.8 Working with Planners.</p> <p><b>CHAPTER 5: TAXATION.</b></p> <p>5.1 Property Taxes.</p> <p>5.2 Income Taxes.</p> <p><b>CHAPTER 6: FORMS OF PROPERTY OWNERSHIP.</b></p> <p>6.1 Fee Simple Ownership.</p> <p>6.2 Life Estate.</p> <p>6.3 Joint-Tenancy.</p> <p>6.4 Tenancy-in-Common.</p> <p>6.5 Leasehold Estate.</p> <p>6.6 Syndicates.</p> <p>6.7 Vehicles to Invest in Real Estate.</p> <p><b>CHAPTER 7: CONTRACTS AND OTHER LEGAL DETAILS.</b></p> <p>7.1 Contracts for Real Property Transactions.</p> <p>7.2 Agreement of Purchase and Sale.</p> <p>7.3 Offer to Lease.</p> <p>7.4 Lease.</p> <p>7.5 Estoppel Certificate.</p> <p>7.6 Affidavit.</p> <p>7.7 Lawyers and Arbitration Clauses.</p> <p>7.8 Small Claims Court.</p> <p><b>CHAPTER 8: REAL PROPERTY REGISTRATION.</b></p> <p>8.1 Land Ownership Controls.</p> <p>8.2 Land Transfer Tax Affidavit.</p> <p>8.3 Transfer of Title.</p> <p>8.4 Surveys and Reference Plans.</p> <p>8.5 Certification of Titles Act.</p> <p>8.6 Document Registration.</p> <p>8.7 Other Registered Documents.</p> <p>8.8 Electronic Land Registration.</p> <p>8.9 Title Insurance.</p> <p>8.10 Online Tools.</p> <p><b>Part 3: Finance</b></p> <p><b>CHAPTER 9: UNDERSTANDING REAL ESTATE FINANCIAL TERMINOLOGY.</b></p> <p>9.1 The Three-Variable Formulas.</p> <p>9.2 Gross Income Multiplier (GIM).</p> <p>9.3 Net Income Multiplier (NIM).</p> <p>9.4 Potential Gross Income (PGI).</p> <p>9.5 Vacancies and Bad Debts (V&BD).</p> <p>9.6 Gross Operating Income (GOI).</p> <p>9.7 Operating Expenses (OE).</p> <p>9.8 Net Operating Income (NOI).</p> <p>9.9 Annual Debt Service (ADS).</p> <p>9.10 Debt Service Coverage Ratio (DSCR).</p> <p>9.11 Default Ratio (DR).</p> <p>9.12 Cash Flow Before Taxes (CFBT).</p> <p>9.13 Cash Flow After Taxes (CFAT).</p> <p>9.14 Operating Expense Ratio (OER).</p> <p>9.15 Return on Equity Rate (ROE).</p> <p>9.16 Capital Improvements.</p> <p>9.17 Building Coverage Ratio (BCR).</p> <p><b>CHAPTER 10: FINANCIAL ANALYSIS.</b></p> <p>10.1 Step-by-Step Analysis of a Property.</p> <p>10.2 Measuring Return on Investment.</p> <p>10.3 Payback Method.</p> <p>10.4 Capitalization Rate (Cap Rate or CR).</p> <p>10.5 Capitalization Terminology.</p> <p>10.6 Net Present Value (NPV).</p> <p><b>CHAPTER 11: FINANCING.</b></p> <p>11.1 Leveraging.</p> <p>11.2 Understanding Mortgages.</p> <p>11.3 Introduction to Interest.</p> <p>11.4 Mortgage Amortization.</p> <p>11.5 Types of Mortgages.</p> <p>11.6 Bonds, Commercial Paper and Conduit Financing.</p> <p>11.7 How Lenders Set Mortgage Amounts.</p> <p>11.8 Band of Investment Theory.</p> <p>11.9 CMHC and Mortgage Insurance.</p> <p>11.10 The Federal Interest Act.</p> <p><b>CHAPTER 12: APPLYING FOR A MORTGAGE.</b></p> <p>12.1 Sources of Mortgages.</p> <p>12.2 Dealing with Mortgage Brokers.</p> <p>12.3 Mortgage Fees.</p> <p>12.4 Dangers of Mortgage Transfer.</p> <p>12.5 Clarifying and Comparing Mortgage Terms.</p> <p>12.6 Negotiating Mortgage Terms.</p> <p>12.7 Gathering Information to Apply for a Mortgage.</p> <p>12.8 Mortgage Application Process.</p> <p>12.9 Mortgage Defaults.</p> <p><b>Part 4: Buying, Selling and Leasing.</b></p> <p><b>CHAPTER 13: REAL ESTATE AGENCIES.</b></p> <p>13.1 Understanding the Roles.</p> <p>13.2 The Agency Relationship.</p> <p>13.3 How to Select a Real Estate Agent.</p> <p>13.4 How to Work with an Agent.</p> <p>13.5 How Agents Are Paid.</p> <p>13.6 How to List a Property.</p> <p>13.7 The Multiple Listing System.</p> <p>13.8 The Agent as Marketer.</p> <p>13.9 Getting a Real Estate License.</p> <p><b>CHAPTER 14: APPRAISALS AND FEASIBILITY STUDIES.</b></p> <p>14.1 What Is an Appraisal?</p> <p>14.2 Uses of Appraisals.</p> <p>14.3 Principles of Value.</p> <p>14.4 Market Value Versus Value in Use.</p> <p>14.5 Appraisal Approaches.</p> <p>14.6 Land Valuation.</p> <p>14.7 Criticizing Appraisals.</p> <p>14.8 Feasibility Studies.</p> <p><b>CHAPTER 15: POINTS TO CONSIDER BEFORE BUYING EACH TYPE OF PROPERTY.</b></p> <p>15.1 Quoting Commercial Rents.</p> <p>15.2 Industrial Buildings.</p> <p>15.3 Retail Buildings.</p> <p>15.4 Office Buildings.</p> <p>15.5 Multi-Family Buildings.</p> <p>15.6 Comparing the Types of Income-Producing Properties.</p> <p>15.7 Investment Property Databank (IPD).</p> <p><b>CHAPTER 16: BUYING AND SELLING.</b></p> <p>16.1 Buying a Good Investment Property.</p> <p>16.2 Making an Offer.</p> <p>16.3 Negotiating with a Vendor.</p> <p>16.4 Closing Costs.</p> <p>16.5 Typical Steps to Completing a Purchase.</p> <p>16.6 Environmental Site Assessment (Audit/Report).</p> <p>16.7 Environmental Insurance.</p> <p>16.8 Selling a Commercial Property.</p> <p>16.9 The Lease-Purchase Option.</p> <p>16.10 Buying Your First Investment Property.</p> <p><b>CHAPTER 17: LEASING.</b></p> <p>17.1 Finding Tenants.</p> <p>17.2 Marketing the Property.</p> <p>17.3 Ownership Versus Leasing.</p> <p>17.4 Background Checks on Retail, Office and Industrial Tenants.</p> <p>17.5 Background Checks on Residential Tenants.</p> <p>17.6 Tenant Danger Signs.</p> <p>17.7 Dealing with Offers to Lease.</p> <p>17.8 Establishing a Good Tenant/Landlord Relationship.</p> <p><b>Part 5: Managing Your Properties.</b></p> <p><b>CHAPTER 18: PROPERTY MANAGEMENT.</b></p> <p>18.1 Managing Your Tenants.</p> <p>18.2 The Appearance of a Building.</p> <p>18.3 My Property Has Problems.</p> <p>18.4 Alternate Uses.</p> <p>18.5 Floor Measurements.</p> <p>18.6 Renovating and Maintenance Tips.</p> <p>18.7 Your Property Management Team.</p> <p>18.8 Property Management Courses.</p> <p><b>CHAPTER 19: RENOVATIONS, REPAIR, AND BUILDING COMPONENTS.</b></p> <p>19.1 Building Exterior.</p> <p>19.2 Surface Care.</p> <p>19.3 Building Services.</p> <p>19.4 Insulation.</p> <p>19.5 Construction and Renovation.</p> <p>19.6 Improving a Building for Sale or Lease.</p> <p>19.7 Underground Storage Tanks (USTs).</p> <p>19.8 Locks and Security Systems.</p> <p>19.9 Building Stairways.</p> <p>19.10 Intelligent Buildings.</p> <p><b>APPENDIX 1: CHECKLISTS.</b></p> <p><b>APPENDIX 2: ADDITIONAL RESOURCES.</b></p> <p>2.1 Associations and Organizations.</p> <p>2.2 Books.</p> <p>2.3 Glossaries of Relevant Terminology.</p> <p>2.4 Government.</p> <p>2.5 Legal.</p> <p>2.6 Information for Landlords and Owners.</p> <p>2.7 Technical Information and Suppliers.</p> <p><b>APPENDIX 3: GLOSSARY OF ACRONYMS.</b></p> <p><b>INDEX.</b></p>

<b>Pierre Boiron</b> (Thornhill, ON) is a sales representative with Coldwell Banker Commercial. Pierre has over 30 years of commercial real estate investing experience, during which time he became an FRI, S.I.O.R, and Ontario Land Economist. Pierre is a member of the Toronto Real Estate Board, the Ontario Real Estate Association, The Canadian Real Estate Association, and The Greater Toronto Home Builders Association. <p><b>Claude Boiron</b> (Thornhill, ON) is a Realtor.</p>

<b>FROM THE AUTHORS' PREFACE TO COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE INVESTING IN CANADA.</b> <p>Through our years of expereince in commercial real estate, it became apparent to us that we had gathered a body of knowledge that would be of interest to investors and professionals, such as Realtors, financiers, lawyers, property managers, and their tenants. We would often be called on to render an opinion or conduct research on various aspects of commercial real estate. Hence, we thought it timely to write a book that is both a primer on commercial real estate investment and a useful tool and reference guide for seasoned professionals.</p> <p>Here, in broad strokes, are the main topics our book addresses:</p> <ul> <li> <div>why should consider investing in commercial real estate</div> </li> <li> <div>what to look for in each of the main types of real estate</div> </li> <li> <div>purchasing strategies</div> </li> <li> <div>a primer in real estate taxation</div> </li> <li> <div>how to build your team of professionals</div> </li> <li> <div>how offers to buy and leases are structured and what you should pay attention to specifically</div> </li> <li> <div>how commercial property financing works</div> </li> <li> <div>an understanding of property management, repairs, and renovations</div> </li> <li> <div>the requirements and responsibilities of being a good landlord</div> </li> <li> <div>how to conduct due diligence for prospective tenants</div> </li> <li> <div>ways to increase income and lower expenses from the property</div> </li> </ul> <p>Owning a copy of <i>Commercial Real Estate Investing in Canada</i> entitles you to a free newsletter subscription to the Real Estate Mentor Newsletter where you will receive useful updates, resources, and tips about the exciting world of commercial real estate investing. You also have an opportunity to contact the authors with your comments and questions about the book. Sign up today at <a href="http://www.realestatementor.ca/">www.realestatementor.ca</a>.</p>

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