Details
Care of People with Diabetes
A Manual for Healthcare Practice5. Aufl.
47,99 € |
|
Verlag: | Wiley-Blackwell |
Format: | EPUB |
Veröffentl.: | 23.01.2020 |
ISBN/EAN: | 9781119520870 |
Sprache: | englisch |
Anzahl Seiten: | 624 |
DRM-geschütztes eBook, Sie benötigen z.B. Adobe Digital Editions und eine Adobe ID zum Lesen.
Beschreibungen
<p>Now in its fifth edition, <i>Care of People with Diabetes </i>is a comprehensive clinical manual for nurses, healthcare professionals and students alike, providing an extensive summary of the most up-to-date knowledge in a rapidly developing field, as well as the role of education and self-care in achieving desirable outcomes. Covering both the theory and evidence-based practice of diabetes care, this authoritative volume integrates traditional thinking and innovative concepts to challenge readers to ‘think outside the box’ when rendering care.</p> <ul> <li>New and updated content on the pathophysiology of diabetes and the implications for management, how to apply guideline recommendations in practice, and contemporary evidence for best practice diabetes care</li> <li>Highlights personalised care and shared, evidence-based decision-making, emphasising the need for effective communication to reduce judgmental language and the negative effect it has on wellbeing and outcomes</li> <li>Written by internationally recognised experts in diabetes care, research and education</li> <li>Includes a range of learning features, such as practice questions, key learning points, diagrams, and further reading suggestions</li> </ul> <p><i>Care of People with Diabetes </i>is an essential companion to clinical practice for both trainee and experienced nurses and healthcare professionals, particularly those in acute care settings, and students undertaking diabetes courses or preparing for qualification exams.</p>
<p>Foreword xiii</p> <p>Preface xv</p> <p>Acknowledgments xvii</p> <p>List of Abbreviations and Symbols xix</p> <p><b>1 Diagnosing and Classifying Diabetes 1</b></p> <p>Key points 1</p> <p>What is diabetes mellitus? 2</p> <p>Prevalence of diabetes 2</p> <p>Classification of diabetes 3</p> <p>Overview of normal glucose homeostasis 3</p> <p>Brain‐centric model of glucose homeostasis 10</p> <p>Metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents 13</p> <p>Types of diabetes 14</p> <p>Diagnosing diabetes 22</p> <p>Preventing diabetes 26</p> <p>Managing diabetes mellitus 29</p> <p>Key points 29</p> <p>Complications of diabetes 36</p> <p>Aims and objectives of diabetes care 38</p> <p>Technology and diabetes management 40</p> <p>A sobering final comment 42</p> <p>References 43</p> <p><b>2 Holistic Personalised Diabetes Care 49</b></p> <p>Key points 49</p> <p>Rationale 49</p> <p>Shared decision‐making (SDM) 50</p> <p>Holistic diabetes care 51</p> <p>Communication and the power of language 52</p> <p>Reading fiction to improve empathy and communication skills 53</p> <p>Care models 53</p> <p>Characteristics of an holistic health history 55</p> <p>References 58</p> <p><b>3 Assessing and Monitoring People with Diabetes 61</b></p> <p>Key points 61</p> <p>Rationale 61</p> <p>Key issues to consider in comprehensive assessments 62</p> <p>Monitoring glucose levels 62</p> <p>Monitoring 1: Blood glucose 64</p> <p>Key points 64</p> <p>Insulin pumps 75</p> <p>Monitoring 2: Urine glucose 76</p> <p>Key points 76</p> <p>Monitoring 3: Additional assessment 78</p> <p>Self‐care 82</p> <p>The annual review 83</p> <p>Summary 83</p> <p>References 83</p> <p><b>4 Nutrition and Weight Management 87</b></p> <p>Key points 87</p> <p>Rationale 87</p> <p>The importance of good nutrition 88</p> <p>Malnutrition and undernutrition 88</p> <p>Method of screening for dietary characteristics and problems 90</p> <p>Principles of dietary management for people with diabetes 92</p> <p>Goals of dietary management 95</p> <p>Overweight and obesity 95</p> <p>Methods of measuring weight 99</p> <p>Managing obesity and diabetes 100</p> <p>Dietary management: overweight and obesity 101</p> <p>Factors associated with making dietary changes 103</p> <p>Key points 104</p> <p>Alcohol 107</p> <p>Exercise/activity 107</p> <p>References 108</p> <p>Further reading 112</p> <p><b>5 Medicine Management 113</b></p> <p>Key points 113</p> <p>Introduction 114</p> <p>QUM 114</p> <p>QUM and diabetes 114</p> <p>GLM 117</p> <p>Medicine interactions 129</p> <p>Combining GLMs and insulin 130</p> <p>When should insulin be initiated in Type 2 diabetes? 131</p> <p>Challenges to initiating insulin therapy 134</p> <p>Some strategies to overcome the barriers 135</p> <p>Insulin therapy 136</p> <p>Types of insulin available 136</p> <p>Storing insulin 139</p> <p>Injection sites and administration 140</p> <p>Mixing short/rapid acting‐ and intermediate‐acting insulins 141</p> <p>Commonly used insulin regimens 141</p> <p>Interpreting morning hyperglycaemia 143</p> <p>CSII 143</p> <p>Continuous blood glucose sensors 144</p> <p>Subcutaneous insulin sliding scales and top‐up regimens 145</p> <p>Uses of insulin infusions 147</p> <p>Insulin allergy 149</p> <p>Pancreas transplants 150</p> <p>Stabilising diabetes 150</p> <p>Stabilising diabetes in hospital 150</p> <p>Community and outpatient insulin stabilisation 151</p> <p>Lipid‐lowering agents 153</p> <p>Monitoring lipid medicines 157</p> <p>Antihypertensive agents 158</p> <p>Antiplatelet agents 159</p> <p>Medication safety, adherence, and medication self‐management 161</p> <p>Enhancing medication self‐care 163</p> <p>Example protocol for outpatient stabilisation onto insulin 166</p> <p>References 167</p> <p><b>6 Hypoglycaemia 175</b></p> <p>Key points 175</p> <p>Rationale 175</p> <p>Introduction 176</p> <p>The counter‐regulatory response 178</p> <p>Definition of hypoglycaemia 179</p> <p>Recognising hypoglycaemia 182</p> <p>The brain and glucose homeostasis 183</p> <p>Causes of hypoglycaemia 183</p> <p>Preventing and managing hypoglycaemia 184</p> <p>Hypoglycaemic unawareness 185</p> <p>Prevalence of HU 186</p> <p>Nocturnal hypoglycaemia 187</p> <p>Relative hypoglycaemia 189</p> <p>Medicine interactions 189</p> <p>Objectives of care 190</p> <p>Treatment 190</p> <p>Prolonged hypoglycaemia 191</p> <p>Patients most at risk of hypoglycaemia 192</p> <p>Psychological effects of hypoglycaemia 193</p> <p>Guidelines for administering glucagon 194</p> <p>Adverse reactions 195</p> <p>References 196</p> <p><b>7 Hyperglycaemia, Acute Illness, Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA), Hyperosmolar Hyperglycaemic States (HHS), and Lactic Acidosis 199</b></p> <p>Key points 199</p> <p>Rationale 200</p> <p>Prevention: proactively managing intercurrent illness 200</p> <p>Self‐care during illness 202</p> <p>Hyperglycaemia 202</p> <p>Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) 204</p> <p>Brittle diabetes and hyperglycaemia 211</p> <p>Euglycaemic DKA 211</p> <p>Hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic states 212</p> <p>Lactic acidosis 214</p> <p>References 216</p> <p><b>8 Long‐Term Complications of Diabetes 219</b></p> <p>Key points 219</p> <p>Introduction 220</p> <p>Diabetes and complexity 220</p> <p>Pathophysiology of diabetes complications 221</p> <p>Cardiovascular disease and diabetes 223</p> <p>Key points 223</p> <p>Cerebrovascular disease 236</p> <p>Diabetes and eye disease 237</p> <p>Diabetes and renal disease 243</p> <p>Peripheral and autonomic neuropathy 255</p> <p>Autonomic neuropathy 266</p> <p>References 270</p> <p><b>9 Management in Hospital, Surgery, and Investigations 279</b></p> <p>Emergency department 279</p> <p>Key points 279</p> <p>Surgical procedures 280</p> <p>Key points 280</p> <p>Preoperative care 284</p> <p>Postoperative care 289</p> <p>Guidelines for informing people with diabetes about what they should do prior to surgical procedures 290</p> <p>Insulin pump therapy in patients undergoing surgery 292</p> <p>Emergency procedures 292</p> <p>Bariatric surgery 293</p> <p>Investigative procedures 293</p> <p>Key points 293</p> <p>The objectives of care 294</p> <p>General management 294</p> <p>Eye procedures 295</p> <p>Complementary medicines and other therapies during surgery and investigative procedures 298</p> <p>Preoperative phase 298</p> <p>Postoperative phase 299</p> <p>Implications for care 299</p> <p>References 300</p> <p>Example Information 2(a): Instructions for people with diabetes on oral glucose-lowering medicines having procedures as outpatients under sedation of general anaesthesia 301</p> <p>Example Instruction Sheet 2(b): Instructions for people with diabetes on insulin having procedures as outpatients under sedation or general anaesthesia 302</p> <p><b>10 Conditions Associated with Diabetes 303</b></p> <p>Key points 303</p> <p>Introduction 303</p> <p>Enteral and parenteral nutrition 304</p> <p>Diabetes and cancer 309</p> <p>Smoking, alcohol, and illegal drug use 315</p> <p>Brittle or labile diabetes 326</p> <p>Oral health and diabetes 328</p> <p>Diabetes and liver disease 329</p> <p>Haemochromatosis 332</p> <p>Diabetic mastopathy 333</p> <p>Diabetes and coeliac disease 334</p> <p>Cystic fibrosis−related diabetes 336</p> <p>Incontinence 338</p> <p>Sleep disturbance and diabetes 340</p> <p>Diabetes and tuberculosis 341</p> <p>Diabetes and HIV/AIDS 342</p> <p>Diabetes and hearing loss 343</p> <p>Diabetes, musculoskeletal disease, and osteoporosis 345</p> <p>Corticosteroid medications and diabetes 347</p> <p>Key points 347</p> <p>Diabetes and driving 350</p> <p>Diabetes and fasting for religious observances 359</p> <p>Education and counselling 359</p> <p>References 360</p> <p><b>11 Sexual and Reproductive Health 371</b></p> <p>Key points 371</p> <p>Rationale 371</p> <p>Sexual health 372</p> <p>Sexual development 373</p> <p>Sexual problems 374</p> <p>Possible causes of sexual difficulties and dysfunction 374</p> <p>Sexuality and older people 375</p> <p>Women 376</p> <p>Men 377</p> <p>Sexual counselling 380</p> <p>Role of the clinician 383</p> <p>References 383</p> <p><b>12 Diabetes and Older People 385</b></p> <p>Key points 385</p> <p>Rationale 386</p> <p>Introduction 386</p> <p>Determining functional status 392</p> <p>Geriatric syndromes 394</p> <p>Cognitive functioning and dementia 395</p> <p>Depression and older people with diabetes 400</p> <p>Dementia 400</p> <p>Caring for older people with diabetes 401</p> <p>Education approaches 408</p> <p>Self‐care 409</p> <p>Factors that can affect metabolic control 410</p> <p>Overall care strategies 417</p> <p>References 418</p> <p><b>13 Diabetes in Children and Adolescents 425</b></p> <p>Key points 425</p> <p>Rationale 425</p> <p>Introduction 426</p> <p>Impact of hyper‐ and hypoglycaemia on brain development and function 429</p> <p>Managing children and adolescents with diabetes 430</p> <p>Aspects of care that apply to both type 1 and type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents 430</p> <p>Managing type 1 diabetes 431</p> <p>Managing type 2 diabetes 433</p> <p>Medicine self‐management 436</p> <p>Other conditions associated with diabetes 436</p> <p>Strategies for enhancing adherence during adolescence 437</p> <p>Ketoacidosis in children 438</p> <p>Complementary therapy use in children 438</p> <p>References 439</p> <p><b>14 Women, Pregnancy, and Gestational Diabetes 443</b></p> <p>Key points 443</p> <p>Rationale 443</p> <p>Polycystic ovarian syndrome 444</p> <p>Contraception options for women with diabetes 447</p> <p>Pregnancy 449</p> <p>Gestational diabetes 455</p> <p>Menopause and diabetes 459</p> <p>References 462</p> <p><b>15 Psychological and Quality of Life Issues Related to Having Diabetes 467</b></p> <p>Key points 467</p> <p>Rationale 468</p> <p>Introduction 468</p> <p>Clinician factors 469</p> <p>Adjustment and spirituality 472</p> <p>Diabetes: reputation and myths 473</p> <p>Diabetes‐related distress 474</p> <p>Quality of life 474</p> <p>Diabetes and depression 476</p> <p>Mental health and type 1 diabetes 480</p> <p>Mental health and type 2 diabetes 480</p> <p>Psychological distress and cardiovascular disease 481</p> <p>Psychiatric disorders, diabetes, and antipsychotic medicines 482</p> <p>Diabetes conversations and language 483</p> <p>References 486</p> <p>Further reading 490</p> <p><b>16 Diabetes Education 491</b></p> <p>Key points 491</p> <p>Rationale 492</p> <p>Introduction 492</p> <p>Learning styles 495</p> <p>Education and other theories/models 497</p> <p>Communication – having good conversations 500</p> <p>Teaching: an art and a process 503</p> <p>Health literacy 504</p> <p>Survival skills 507</p> <p>Empowerment 508</p> <p>Special issues 509</p> <p>The clinicians’ role in diabetes education 509</p> <p>Documenting diabetes education 512</p> <p>Evaluating diabetes education 515</p> <p>References 517</p> <p>Further reading 521</p> <p><b>17 Managing Diabetes at the End of Life 523</b></p> <p>Key points 523</p> <p>Introduction 524</p> <p>Explanation of terms: values, life limiting illness, palliative care, terminal care, and end‐of‐life care 524</p> <p>Palliative care 525</p> <p>General management considerations for managing diabetes at the end of life 531</p> <p>Diabetes‐specific considerations 532</p> <p>Medicine management 534</p> <p>Type 1 diabetes 534</p> <p>Nutrition and hydration 536</p> <p>Diabetogenetic medicines 537</p> <p>Supporting family/carers 538</p> <p>Withdrawing treatment 539</p> <p>Diabetes education 539</p> <p>References 540</p> <p><b>18 Complementary Medicine 543</b></p> <p>Key points 543</p> <p>Rationale 543</p> <p>Introduction 544</p> <p>CAM philosophy 546</p> <p>Integrating complementary and conventional care 547</p> <p>Can Complementary Therapies Benefit People with Diabetes? 549</p> <p>Spirituality 552</p> <p>CM and surgery 552</p> <p>Herb/medicine interactions 556</p> <p>How can CM be used safely? 556</p> <p>Clinician responsibilities 560</p> <p>Identifying quality health information on the internet 561</p> <p>Recommended resources 563</p> <p>References 563</p> <p>Index 567</p>
<p><b>PROFESSOR TRISHA DUNNING, AM, RN, MEd, P<small>H</small>D, CDE, FACN (DLF),</b> is a Registered Nurse and credentialed Diabetes Educator. She is the Chair in Nursing at Barwon Health and Deakin University Partnership in Geelong, Australia. <p><b>PROFESSOR ALAN SINCLAIR, MS<small>C</small>, MD, FRCP,</b> is Director of the Foundation for Diabetes Research in Older People (FDROP) at Diabetes Frail, and Visiting Chair in Diabetes Care, King's College London, London, UK.
<p><b>CARE OF PEOPLE WITH DIABETES</b> <p>Now in its fifth edition, <i>Care of People with Diabetes</i> is a comprehensive clinical manual for nurses, healthcare professionals and students alike, providing an extensive summary of the most up-to-date knowledge in a rapidly developing field, as well as the role of education and self-care in achieving desirable outcomes. Covering both the theory and evidence-based practice of diabetes care, this authoritative volume integrates traditional thinking and innovative concepts to challenge readers to 'think outside the box' when rendering care. <ul> <li>New and updated content on the pathophysiology of diabetes and the implications for management, how to apply guideline recommendations in practice, and contemporary evidence for best practice diabetes care</li> <li>Highlights personalised care and shared, evidence-based decision-making, emphasising the need for effective communication to reduce judgmental language and the negative effect it has on wellbeing and outcomes</li> <li>Written by internationally recognised experts in diabetes care, research and education</li> <li>Includes a range of learning features, such as practice questions, key learning points, diagrams, and further reading suggestions</li> </ul> <p><i>Care of People with Diabetes</i> is an essential companion to clinical practice for both trainee and experienced nurses and healthcare professionals, particularly those in acute care settings, and students undertaking diabetes courses or preparing for qualification exams.