Details

Cabling


Cabling

The Complete Guide to Copper and Fiber-Optic Networking
5. Aufl.

von: Bill Woodward

72,99 €

Verlag: Wiley
Format: PDF
Veröffentl.: 05.03.2014
ISBN/EAN: 9781118807347
Sprache: englisch
Anzahl Seiten: 1328

DRM-geschütztes eBook, Sie benötigen z.B. Adobe Digital Editions und eine Adobe ID zum Lesen.

Beschreibungen

<p><b>Develop the skills you need to design and build a reliable, cost-effective cabling infrastructure</b></p> <p>Fully updated for the growing demand of fiber optics for large-scale communications networks and telecommunication standards, this new edition is organized into two parts. Part I covers LAN Networks and Cabling Systems offers comprehensive coverage on current cabling methodologies and is updated to the latest industry standards. Part II addresses Fiber-Optic Cabling and Components probes deeper into fiber optics, and can be used to prepare for the Fiber Optics Installer (FOI) and/or Fiber Optics Technician (FOT) certifications, two of the Electronic Technician's Association's leading certifications.</p> <ul> <li>Explains why cutting corners is a bad idea</li> <li>Walks you through the obstacles to high-speed data transfer</li> <li>Encourages you to follow the golden rules of cabling</li> </ul> <p>This <i>new edition</i> is the only book you need for current cabling methodologies and standards.</p>
<p><b>Introduction xxxiii</b></p> <p><b>Part I LAN Networks and Cabling Systems 1</b></p> <p><b>Chapter 1 Introduction to Data Cabling 3</b></p> <p>The Golden Rules of Data Cabling 4</p> <p>The Importance of Reliable Cabling 4</p> <p>The Cost of Poor Cabling 5</p> <p>Is the Cabling to Blame? 5</p> <p>You’ve Come a Long Way, Baby: The Legacy of Proprietary Cabling Systems 6</p> <p>Proprietary Cabling Is a Thing of the Past 7</p> <p>The Need for a Comprehensive Standard 7</p> <p>Cabling and the Need for Speed 8</p> <p>Types of Communications Media 8</p> <p>Cable Design 20</p> <p>Plenum 22</p> <p>Riser 24</p> <p>General Purpose 25</p> <p>Limited Use 25</p> <p>Cable Jackets 25</p> <p>Wire Insulation 28</p> <p>Twists 31</p> <p>Wire Gauge 32</p> <p>Solid Conductors vs Stranded Conductors 33</p> <p>Cable Length 33</p> <p>Cable Length vs Conductor Length 34</p> <p>Data Communications 101 35</p> <p>Bandwidth, Frequency, and Data Rate 35</p> <p>What a Difference a dB Makes! 38</p> <p>Speed Bumps: What Slows Down Your Data 42</p> <p>Hindrances to High-Speed Data Transfer 43</p> <p>Attenuation (Loss of Signal) 44</p> <p>Noise (Signal Interference) 46</p> <p>Types of Crosstalk 47</p> <p>Near-End Crosstalk (NEXT) 47</p> <p>Far-End Crosstalk (FEXT) 48</p> <p>Attenuation-to-Crosstalk Ratio (ACR-F and ACR-N) 48</p> <p>Power-Sum Crosstalk 50</p> <p>Alien Crosstalk (AXT) 50</p> <p>External Interference 51</p> <p>Propagation Delay 52</p> <p>Delay Skew 53</p> <p>The Future of Cabling Performance 53</p> <p>The Bottom Line 54</p> <p><b>Chapter 2 Cabling Specifications and Standards 57</b></p> <p>Structured Cabling and Standardization 57</p> <p>Standards and Specification Organizations 59</p> <p>American National Standards Institute (ANSI) 60</p> <p>Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA) 61</p> <p>Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) 61</p> <p>Insulated Cable Engineers Association (ICEA) 62</p> <p>National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 63</p> <p>National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) 63</p> <p>Federal Communications Commission (FCC) 63</p> <p>Underwriters Laboratories (UL) 64</p> <p>International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 64</p> <p>International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 64</p> <p>Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) 64</p> <p>National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) 65</p> <p>International Telecommunications Union (ITU) 65</p> <p>CSA International (CSA) 65</p> <p>European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) 66</p> <p>Building Industry Consulting Services International (BICSI) 66</p> <p>Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) 66</p> <p>ANSI/TIA-568-C Cabling Standard 67</p> <p>ANSI/TIA-568-C Purpose and Scope 68</p> <p>Subsystems of a Structured Cabling System 69</p> <p>Media and Connecting Hardware Performance 84</p> <p>Ansi/tia-568-c 4 87</p> <p>Tia-569-c 88</p> <p>Ansi/tia-607-b 94</p> <p>Ansi/tia-570-c 95</p> <p>Ansi/tia- 942 96</p> <p>Ansi/tia- 1179 96</p> <p>Ansi/tia- 4966 98</p> <p>IEEE 802 3af (Power over Ethernet) 98</p> <p>IEEE 802 3at (Power over Ethernet Plus) 99</p> <p>Other TIA/EIA Standards and Bulletins 99</p> <p>Iso/iec 11801 99</p> <p>Differences Between ANSI/TIA-568-C and ISO/IEC 11801 Ed 2 2 100</p> <p>Classification of Applications and Links 101</p> <p>The Bottom Line 101</p> <p><b>Chapter 3 Choosing the Correct Cabling 103</b></p> <p>Topologies 103</p> <p>Hierarchical Star Topology 104</p> <p>Bus Topology 106</p> <p>Ring Topology 107</p> <p>UTP, Optical Fiber, and Future-Proofing 108</p> <p>Network Applications 109</p> <p>Ethernet 109</p> <p>Token Ring 125</p> <p>Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) 127</p> <p>Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) 129</p> <p>The Bottom Line 131</p> <p><b>Chapter 4 Cable System and Infrastructure Constraints 133</b></p> <p>Where Do Codes Come From? 133</p> <p>The Federal Communications Commission 133</p> <p>The National Fire Protection Association 134</p> <p>Underwriters Laboratories 136</p> <p>Codes and the Law 138</p> <p>The National Electrical Code 139</p> <p>NEC Chapter 1 General Requirements 139</p> <p>NEC Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection 140</p> <p>NEC Chapter 3 Wiring Methods 144</p> <p>NEC Chapter 5 Special Occupancy 145</p> <p>NEC Chapter 7 Special Conditions 145</p> <p>NEC Chapter 8 Communications Systems 148</p> <p>Knowing and Following the Codes 155</p> <p>The Bottom Line 155</p> <p><b>Chapter 5 Cabling System Components 157</b></p> <p>The Cable 157</p> <p>Horizontal and Backbone Cables 157</p> <p>Patch Cords 159</p> <p>Picking the Right Cable for the Job 159</p> <p>Wall Plates and Connectors 160</p> <p>Cabling Pathways 162</p> <p>Conduit 162</p> <p>Cable Trays 162</p> <p>Raceways 164</p> <p>Fiber-Protection Systems 165</p> <p>Telecommunications Rooms, Enclosures, and Equipment Rooms 166</p> <p>TIA/EIA Recommendations for Telecommunications Rooms 168</p> <p>Cabling Racks and Enclosures 169</p> <p>Cross-Connect Devices 174</p> <p>Administration Standards 179</p> <p>The Bottom Line 181</p> <p><b>Chapter 6 Tools of the Trade 183</b></p> <p>Building a Cabling Toolkit 183</p> <p>Common Cabling Tools 184</p> <p>Wire Strippers 184</p> <p>Wire Cutters 187</p> <p>Cable Crimpers 189</p> <p>Punch-Down Tools 192</p> <p>Fish Tapes 195</p> <p>Voltage Meter 197</p> <p>Cable Testing 197</p> <p>A Cable-Toning Tool 197</p> <p>Twisted-Pair Continuity Tester 199</p> <p>Coaxial Tester 199</p> <p>Optical Fiber Testers 200</p> <p>Cabling Supplies and Tools 201</p> <p>Cable-Pulling Tools 202</p> <p>Wire-Pulling Lubricant 206</p> <p>Cable-Marking Supplies 208</p> <p>Tools That a Smart Data Cable Technician Carries 210</p> <p>A Preassembled Kit Could Be It 211</p> <p>The Bottom Line 213</p> <p><b>Chapter 7 Copper Cable Media 215</b></p> <p>Types of Copper Cabling 215</p> <p>Major Cable Types Found Today 217</p> <p>Picking the Right Patch Cables 225</p> <p>Why Pick Copper Cabling? 226</p> <p>Best Practices for Copper Installation 227</p> <p>Following Standards 227</p> <p>Planning 230</p> <p>Installing Copper Cable 232</p> <p>Copper Cable for Data Applications 236</p> <p>110-Blocks 236</p> <p>Sample Data Installations 239</p> <p>Copper Cable for Voice Applications 241</p> <p>66-Blocks 242</p> <p>Sample Voice Installations 246</p> <p>Testing 249</p> <p>Tone Generators and Amplifier Probes 250</p> <p>Continuity Testing 250</p> <p>Wire-Map Testers 251</p> <p>Cable Certification 251</p> <p>Common Problems with Copper Cabling 252</p> <p>The Bottom Line 253</p> <p><b>Chapter 8 Fiber-Optic Media 255</b></p> <p>Introducing Fiber-Optic Transmission 255</p> <p>Advantages of Fiber-Optic Cabling 258</p> <p>Immunity to Electromagnetic Interference 258</p> <p>Higher Possible Data Rates 259</p> <p>Longer Maximum Distances 259</p> <p>Better Security 259</p> <p>Disadvantages of Fiber-Optic Cabling 259</p> <p>Cost 260</p> <p>Installation 260</p> <p>Types of Fiber-Optic Cables 261</p> <p>Composition of a Fiber-Optic Cable 261</p> <p>Additional Designations of Fiber-Optic Cables 267</p> <p>Fiber Installation Issues 274</p> <p>Components of a Typical Installation 275</p> <p>Fiber-Optic Performance Factors 276</p> <p>The Bottom Line 280</p> <p><b>Chapter 9 Wall Plates 281</b></p> <p>Wall Plate Design and Installation Issues 281</p> <p>Manufacturer System 282</p> <p>Wall Plate Location 282</p> <p>Wall Plate Mounting System 284</p> <p>Fixed-Design or Modular Plate 288</p> <p>Fixed-Design Wall Plates 290</p> <p>Number of Jacks 290</p> <p>Types of Jacks 290</p> <p>Labeling 291</p> <p>Modular Wall Plates 291</p> <p>Number of Jacks 292</p> <p>Wall Plate Jack Considerations 292</p> <p>Labeling 296</p> <p>Biscuit Jacks 296</p> <p>Types of Biscuit Jacks 297</p> <p>Advantages of Biscuit Jacks 297</p> <p>Disadvantages of Biscuit Jacks 298</p> <p>The Bottom Line 298</p> <p><b>Chapter 10 Connectors 299</b></p> <p>Twisted-Pair Cable Connectors 299</p> <p>Patch-Panel Terminations 299</p> <p>Solid- vs Stranded-Conductor Cables 300</p> <p>Modular Jacks and Plugs 301</p> <p>Shielded Twisted-Pair Connectors 314</p> <p>Coaxial Cable Connectors 315</p> <p>F-Series Coaxial Connectors 315</p> <p>N-Series Coaxial Connectors 315</p> <p>The BNC Connector 316</p> <p>Fiber-Optic Cable Connectors 317</p> <p>LC, SC, ST, FC, and Array Fiber-Optic Connector Types 317</p> <p>Use of SFF Connectors (LC and MPO) 321</p> <p>Installing Fiber-Optic Connectors 322</p> <p>The Bottom Line 324</p> <p><b>Chapter 11 Network Equipment 325</b></p> <p>Network Connectivity Devices 325</p> <p>Workstation Ports 325</p> <p>Network Interface Cards 326</p> <p>Media Converters 327</p> <p>Repeaters and Hubs 328</p> <p>Bridges 331</p> <p>Switches 333</p> <p>Workgroup Switches 334</p> <p>Blocking vs Nonblocking 335</p> <p>Core Switches 336</p> <p>Pluggable Transceivers and Form Factors 337</p> <p>Difference between Bit Rate and Baud Rate 338</p> <p>Servers 339</p> <p>Routers 340</p> <p>The Bottom Line 341</p> <p><b>Chapter 12 Wireless Networks 343</b></p> <p>Infrared Transmissions 343</p> <p>How Infrared Transmissions Work 344</p> <p>Advantages of Infrared 347</p> <p>Disadvantages of Infrared 348</p> <p>Examples of Infrared Transmissions 348</p> <p>Radio Frequency (RF) Systems 350</p> <p>How RF Works 350</p> <p>Advantages of RF 354</p> <p>Disadvantages of RF 355</p> <p>Examples of RF 355</p> <p>Microwave Communications 360</p> <p>How Microwave Communication Works 360</p> <p>Advantages of Microwave Communications 363</p> <p>Disadvantages of Microwave Communications 364</p> <p>Examples of Microwave Communications 364</p> <p>The Bottom Line 365</p> <p><b>Chapter 13 Cabling System Design and Installation 367</b></p> <p>Elements of a Successful Cabling Installation 367</p> <p>Proper Design 367</p> <p>Quality Materials 369</p> <p>Good Workmanship 370</p> <p>Cabling Topologies 370</p> <p>Bus Topology 371</p> <p>Hierarchical Star Topology 371</p> <p>Ring Topology 371</p> <p>Mesh Topology 372</p> <p>Backbones and Segments 373</p> <p>Selecting the Right Topology 374</p> <p>Cabling Plant Uses 374</p> <p>Telephone 374</p> <p>Television 375</p> <p>Fire Detection and Security Cabling 376</p> <p>Choice of Media 376</p> <p>Telecommunications Rooms 377</p> <p>LAN Wiring 378</p> <p>Telephone Wiring 379</p> <p>Power Requirements 381</p> <p>HVAC Considerations 381</p> <p>Cabling Management 382</p> <p>Physical Protection 382</p> <p>Electrical Protection (Spike Protection) 384</p> <p>Fire Protection 385</p> <p>Data and Cabling Security 386</p> <p>EM Transmission Regulation 386</p> <p>Tapping Prevention 386</p> <p>Cabling Installation Procedures 387</p> <p>Design the Cabling System 387</p> <p>Schedule the Installation 387</p> <p>Install the Cabling 388</p> <p>Terminate the Cable 395</p> <p>Test the Installation 398</p> <p>The Bottom Line 398</p> <p><b>Chapter 14 Cable Connector Installation 401</b></p> <p>Twisted-Pair Cable Connector Installation 401</p> <p>Types of Connectors 401</p> <p>Conductor Arrangement 402</p> <p>Connector Crimping Procedures 404</p> <p>Coaxial Cable Connector Installation 409</p> <p>Types of Connectors 409</p> <p>Connector Crimping Procedures 410</p> <p>Fiber-Optic Cable Connector Installation 414</p> <p>Connector Types 414</p> <p>Connectorizing Methods 414</p> <p>Connector Installation Procedures 415</p> <p>The Bottom Line 430</p> <p><b>Chapter 15 Cable System Testing and Troubleshooting 433</b></p> <p>Installation Testing 433</p> <p>Copper Cable Tests 434</p> <p>Fiber-Optic Tests 441</p> <p>Cable Plant Certification 444</p> <p>Creating a Testing Regimen 444</p> <p>Copper Cable Certification 445</p> <p>Fiber-Optic Certification 450</p> <p>Third-Party Certification 451</p> <p>Cable Testing Tools 452</p> <p>Wire-Map Testers 452</p> <p>Continuity Testers 453</p> <p>Tone Generators 453</p> <p>Time-Domain Reflectometers 454</p> <p>Fiber-Optic Power Meters 456</p> <p>Fiber-Optic Test Sources 456</p> <p>Optical Loss Test Sets and Test Kits 457</p> <p>Optical Time-Domain Reflectometers 457</p> <p>Fiber-Optic Inspection Microscopes 458</p> <p>Visual Fault Locators 458</p> <p>Multifunction Cable Scanners 459</p> <p>Troubleshooting Cabling Problems 460</p> <p>Establishing a Baseline 460</p> <p>Locating the Problem 461</p> <p>Resolving Specific Problems 462</p> <p>The Bottom Line 465</p> <p><b>Chapter 16 Creating a Request for Proposal 467</b></p> <p>What Is a Request for Proposal? 467</p> <p>Setting the Tone for the Project 467</p> <p>The Goals of the RFP 468</p> <p>Developing a Request for Proposal 469</p> <p>The Needs Analysis 469</p> <p>Designing the Project for the RFP 471</p> <p>Writing the RFP 480</p> <p>Distributing the RFP and Managing the Vendor-Selection Process 482</p> <p>Distributing RFPs to Prospective Vendors 482</p> <p>Vendor Selection 482</p> <p>Project Administration 483</p> <p>Project Management Tips 483</p> <p>Planning for the Cutover 483</p> <p>Technology Network Infrastructure Request for Proposal (a Sample RFP) 484</p> <p>General 484</p> <p>Cable Plant 486</p> <p>The Bottom Line 491</p> <p><b>Chapter 17 Cabling @ Work: Experience from the Field 493</b></p> <p>Hints and Guidelines 493</p> <p>Know What You Are Doing 493</p> <p>Plan the Installation 494</p> <p>Have the Right Equipment 495</p> <p>Test and Document 495</p> <p>Train Your Crew 496</p> <p>Work Safely 496</p> <p>Make It Pretty 497</p> <p>Look Good Yourself 497</p> <p>Plan for Contingencies 498</p> <p>Match Your Work to the Job 499</p> <p>Waste Not, Want Not 500</p> <p>Case Studies 500</p> <p>A Small Job 500</p> <p>A Large Job 502</p> <p>An Inside Job 504</p> <p>The Bottom Line 506</p> <p><b>Part II Fiber-Optic Cabling and Components 507</b></p> <p><b>Chapter 18 History of Fiber Optics and Broadband Access 509</b></p> <p>Evolution of Light in Communication 509</p> <p>Early Forms of Light Communication 509</p> <p>The Quest for Data Transmission 510</p> <p>Evolution of Optical Fiber Manufacturing Technology 511</p> <p>Controlling the Course of Light 511</p> <p>Extending Fiber’s Reach 513</p> <p>Evolution of Optical Fiber Integration and Application 514</p> <p>Broadband since the Turn of the Century 515</p> <p>The Role of Optical Fiber in Broadband 515</p> <p>Broadband Speed and Access at the Turn of the Century and Today 516</p> <p>The Bottom Line 517</p> <p><b>Chapter 19 Principles of Fiber-Optic Transmission 519</b></p> <p>The Fiber-Optic Link 519</p> <p>Transmitter 520</p> <p>Receiver 520</p> <p>Optical Fibers 521</p> <p>Connectors 521</p> <p>Amplitude Modulation 522</p> <p>Analog Transmission 524</p> <p>Digital Data Transmission 524</p> <p>Analog Data Transmission vs Digital Data Transmission 525</p> <p>Analog to Digital (A/D) Conversion 525</p> <p>Sample Rate 526</p> <p>Quantizing Error 526</p> <p>Digital-to-Analog (D/A) Conversion 527</p> <p>Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) 528</p> <p>Multiplexing 529</p> <p>Decibels (dB) 530</p> <p>Calculating dB Power Loss and Power Gain 530</p> <p>Expressing dB in Percentages 531</p> <p>The Rules of Thumb 534</p> <p>Absolute Power 535</p> <p>The Bottom Line 537</p> <p><b>Chapter 20 Basic Principles of Light 539</b></p> <p>Light as Electromagnetic Energy 539</p> <p>Wavelength and Frequency 540</p> <p>Characteristics of Electromagnetic Radiation 542</p> <p>The Electromagnetic Spectrum 543</p> <p>Refraction 545</p> <p>What Causes Refraction? 545</p> <p>Calculating the Index of Refraction 548</p> <p>Total Internal Reflection 549</p> <p>Fresnel Reflections 551</p> <p>The Bottom Line 553</p> <p><b>Chapter 21 Optical Fiber Construction and Theory 555</b></p> <p>Optical Fiber Components 555</p> <p>Core 556</p> <p>Cladding 556</p> <p>Coating 556</p> <p>Standards 558</p> <p>Materials 558</p> <p>Tensile Strength 561</p> <p>Manufacturing Optical Fiber 561</p> <p>Modified Chemical Vapor Deposition (MCVD) 562</p> <p>Outside Vapor Deposition (OVD) 563</p> <p>Vapor Axial Deposition (VAD) 564</p> <p>Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition (PCVD) 564</p> <p>Mode 565</p> <p>Calculating the Numerical Aperture and Modes 565</p> <p>Refractive Index Profiles 566</p> <p>The Bottom Line 570</p> <p><b>Chapter 22 Optical Fiber Characteristics 573</b></p> <p>It All Adds Up 573</p> <p>Dispersion 574</p> <p>Modal Dispersion 575</p> <p>Material Dispersion 576</p> <p>Waveguide Dispersion 576</p> <p>Chromatic Dispersion 577</p> <p>Polarization-Mode Dispersion 580</p> <p>How Dispersion Affects Bandwidth 581</p> <p>Attenuation 581</p> <p>Absorption 583</p> <p>Scattering 583</p> <p>Total Attenuation 584</p> <p>Bending Losses 585</p> <p>Microbends 585</p> <p>Macrobends 586</p> <p>Numerical Aperture 588</p> <p>Equilibrium Mode Distribution 589</p> <p>Fiber Specifications and Standards 590</p> <p>Revisions and Addendums 591</p> <p>Mirroring of Performance Specifications 592</p> <p>Premises Standards 593</p> <p>Single-mode ITU Standards 596</p> <p>Multimode ITU and IEC Standards 602</p> <p>Specialty Optical Fibers 603</p> <p>The Bottom Line 604</p> <p><b>Chapter 23 Safety 605</b></p> <p>Basic Safety 605</p> <p>Engineering Controls 605</p> <p>Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) 606</p> <p>Good Work Habits 606</p> <p>Light Sources 607</p> <p>Federal Regulations and International Standards 607</p> <p>Laser Safety 612</p> <p>Handling Fiber 613</p> <p>Chemicals 614</p> <p>Isopropyl Alcohol 615</p> <p>Solvents 615</p> <p>Anaerobic Epoxy 616</p> <p>Site Safety 616</p> <p>Electrical 616</p> <p>Ladders 617</p> <p>Trenches 617</p> <p>Emergencies 618</p> <p>Injury 618</p> <p>Chemical Exposure 618</p> <p>Fire 618</p> <p>The Bottom Line 619</p> <p><b>Chapter 24 Fiber-Optic Cables 621</b></p> <p>Basic Cable 621</p> <p>Cable Components 623</p> <p>Buffer 624</p> <p>Strength Members 626</p> <p>Jacket 628</p> <p>Cable Types 629</p> <p>Cordage 630</p> <p>Distribution Cable 631</p> <p>Breakout Cable 631</p> <p>Armored Cable 632</p> <p>Messenger Cable 633</p> <p>Ribbon Cable 634</p> <p>Submarine Cable 635</p> <p>Aerospace Cable 635</p> <p>Hybrid Cable 638</p> <p>Composite Cable 638</p> <p>Cable Duty Specifications 639</p> <p>Cable Termination Methods 639</p> <p>Fanout Kit 639</p> <p>Breakout Kit 639</p> <p>Blown Fiber 640</p> <p>NEC Standards for Fiber-Optic Cables and Raceways 641</p> <p>NEC Fiber-Optic Cable Types 641</p> <p>Cable Markings and Codes 644</p> <p>External Markings 644</p> <p>Color Codes 645</p> <p>Cable Numbers 647</p> <p>Sequential Markings 648</p> <p>Bend Radius Specifications 648</p> <p>The Bottom Line 649</p> <p><b>Chapter 25 Splicing 653</b></p> <p>Why Splice? 653</p> <p>Splice Performance 653</p> <p>Intrinsic Factors 653</p> <p>Extrinsic Factors 659</p> <p>Splicing Safety 660</p> <p>Splicing Hazards 661</p> <p>Splicing Equipment 665</p> <p>Cleaning Materials 665</p> <p>Cleavers 668</p> <p>Mechanical Splice 671</p> <p>Fusion Splice 673</p> <p>Splicing Procedures 676</p> <p>Mechanical Splicing Procedure 676</p> <p>Fusion Splicing Procedure 681</p> <p>Splice Requirements 691</p> <p>The Bottom Line 691</p> <p><b>Chapter 26 Connectors 693</b></p> <p>The Fiber-Optic Connector 693</p> <p>Ferrule 694</p> <p>Cap 695</p> <p>Body 696</p> <p>Strain Relief 696</p> <p>Connection Performance 700</p> <p>Intrinsic Factors 700</p> <p>Extrinsic Factors 702</p> <p>Geometry 703</p> <p>Interferometer 705</p> <p>Connector Types 710</p> <p>Single-Fiber Contact Connectors 712</p> <p>Single-Fiber Noncontact Connectors 715</p> <p>Multiple-Fiber Contact Connectors 715</p> <p>Connector Termination 723</p> <p>Tools 724</p> <p>Epoxy 733</p> <p>Abrasives 734</p> <p>Hand Polishing 736</p> <p>Assembling the Connector 736</p> <p>Machine Polishing 740</p> <p>Pre-polished Connectors 740</p> <p>Cleaning and Inspection 744</p> <p>Endface Cleaning 745</p> <p>Endface Inspection 753</p> <p>Connector Performance 760</p> <p>Connector Color Code 760</p> <p>The Bottom Line 761</p> <p><b>Chapter 27 Fiber-Optic Light Sources and Transmitters 763</b></p> <p>Semiconductor Light Sources 763</p> <p>LED Sources 764</p> <p>Laser Sources 765</p> <p>Light Source Performance Characteristics 766</p> <p>Output Pattern 766</p> <p>Source Wavelengths 770</p> <p>Source Spectral Output 771</p> <p>Source Output Power 773</p> <p>Source Modulation Speed 774</p> <p>Transmitter Performance Characteristics 774</p> <p>LED Transmitter Performance Characteristics 775</p> <p>LED Transmitter Applications 778</p> <p>Laser Transmitter Performance Characteristics 779</p> <p>Laser Transmitter Applications 783</p> <p>Higher Power Transmitters 787</p> <p>Light Source Safety 788</p> <p>Classifications 788</p> <p>Safe Handling Precautions 789</p> <p>The Bottom Line 789</p> <p><b>Chapter 28 Fiber-Optic Detectors and Receivers 793</b></p> <p>Photodiode Fundamentals 793</p> <p>Other Types of Photodiode 794</p> <p>PIN Photodiode 794</p> <p>Avalanche Photodiode 795</p> <p>Photodiode Responsivity, Efficiency, and Speed 795</p> <p>Responsivity 795</p> <p>Quantum Efficiency 796</p> <p>Switching Speed 797</p> <p>Fiber-Optic Receiver 797</p> <p>Receptacle 797</p> <p>Optical Subassembly 797</p> <p>Electrical Subassembly 798</p> <p>Receiver Performance Characteristics 799</p> <p>Dynamic Range 799</p> <p>Operating Wavelength 799</p> <p>LED Receiver Performance Characteristics 800</p> <p>LED Receiver Applications 801</p> <p>Laser Receiver Performance Characteristics 802</p> <p>Laser Receiver Applications 804</p> <p>Transceivers 808</p> <p>Form Factors 809</p> <p>SFF Committee Form Factors 809</p> <p>Application-Driven Form Factors 811</p> <p>Transceiver Health Monitoring 815</p> <p>The Bottom Line 816</p> <p><b>Chapter 29 Passive Components and Multiplexers 819</b></p> <p>Standards 819</p> <p>Parameters 820</p> <p>Couplers 821</p> <p>The Tee Coupler 822</p> <p>The Star Coupler 825</p> <p>Inline Power Tap 828</p> <p>Optical Switches 830</p> <p>Optomechanical Switch 830</p> <p>Thermo-Optic 831</p> <p>Electro-Optic 831</p> <p>Optical Attenuators 832</p> <p>Principles of Optical Attenuators 832</p> <p>Types of Attenuators 834</p> <p>Calculating the Attenuation Value 835</p> <p>Optical Isolator 836</p> <p>Polarized Optical Isolator 836</p> <p>Magnetic Optical Isolator 837</p> <p>Wavelength Division Multiplexing 838</p> <p>Optical Amplifier 844</p> <p>Optical Filter 846</p> <p>The Bottom Line 847</p> <p><b>Chapter 30 Passive Optical Networks 849</b></p> <p>Passive and Active Network Fundamentals 850</p> <p>Passive Copper Network 850</p> <p>Active Copper Network 850</p> <p>Passive Optical Network 851</p> <p>Active Optical Network 852</p> <p>Fiber to the X 852</p> <p>Fiber to the Home 853</p> <p>Fiber to the Building 854</p> <p>Fiber to the Curb 854</p> <p>Fiber to the Node 854</p> <p>Outside Plant Components 854</p> <p>Cables 854</p> <p>Local Convergence Point 855</p> <p>Network Access Point 857</p> <p>Network Interface Device 858</p> <p>PON Standards and Active Equipment 859</p> <p>PON Standards 860</p> <p>PON Active Equipment 860</p> <p>Radio Frequency (RF) Over Fiber 863</p> <p>Fiber to the Antenna 865</p> <p>Analog Video over Fiber 867</p> <p>The Bottom Line 868</p> <p><b>Chapter 31 Cable Installation and Hardware 869</b></p> <p>Installation Specifications 869</p> <p>Bend Radius 870</p> <p>Tensile Rating 871</p> <p>Installation Hardware 875</p> <p>Pulling Eye 875</p> <p>Pull Box 875</p> <p>Splice Enclosures 877</p> <p>Patch Panels 880</p> <p>Installation Methods 883</p> <p>Tray and Duct 883</p> <p>Conduit 884</p> <p>Direct Burial 886</p> <p>Aerial 886</p> <p>Blown Fiber 886</p> <p>Cable Slack 889</p> <p>Fire Resistance and Grounding 889</p> <p>Fire Resistance 890</p> <p>Grounding 891</p> <p>Cable Types 891</p> <p>Hardware Management 892</p> <p>Cleanliness 892</p> <p>Organization 892</p> <p>Clamps and Cable Ties 893</p> <p>Labeling Requirements and Documentation 894</p> <p>Documentation 897</p> <p>Polarity 897</p> <p>The Bottom Line 900</p> <p><b>Chapter 32 Fiber-Optic System Design Considerations 903</b></p> <p>The Advantages of Optical Fiber over Copper 903</p> <p>Bandwidth 904</p> <p>Attenuation 907</p> <p>Electromagnetic Immunity 910</p> <p>Size and Weight 911</p> <p>Security 913</p> <p>Safety 913</p> <p>Basic Fiber-Optic System Design Considerations 914</p> <p>Design to a Standard 915</p> <p>Link Performance Analysis 920</p> <p>Cable Transmission Performance 921</p> <p>Splice and Connector Performance 923</p> <p>Power Budget 925</p> <p>The Bottom Line 936</p> <p><b>Chapter 33 Test Equipment and Link/Cable Testing 941</b></p> <p>Calibration Requirements 941</p> <p>Continuity Tester 942</p> <p>Visual Fault Locator 945</p> <p>Fiber Identifier 949</p> <p>Inline Optical Power Monitoring 951</p> <p>Inline Optical Power Monitor 952</p> <p>Inline Network Sensors 954</p> <p>Optical Return Loss Test Set 954</p> <p>Stabilized Light Source and Optical Power Meter 955</p> <p>Multimode OLTS 956</p> <p>Single-Mode OLTS 958</p> <p>Patch Cord 959</p> <p>Test Jumper 959</p> <p>Launch Conditions, Mode Filters, and Encircled Flux 961</p> <p>ANSI/TIA-526-14 Optical Loss Measurement Methods 964</p> <p>Method A, Two-Test Jumper Reference 966</p> <p>Method B, One-Test Jumper Reference 966</p> <p>Method C, Three Test Jumper Reference 967</p> <p>Patch Cord Optical Power Loss Measurement 968</p> <p>Connector Insertion Loss Measurement 968</p> <p>Link Segment and Cabling Subsystem Performance Measurements 970</p> <p>Tier 1 Testing 970</p> <p>Documentation of OLTS Testing 971</p> <p>Tier 2 Testing 971</p> <p>Optical Time-Domain Reflectometer 972</p> <p>OTDR Theory 972</p> <p>OTDR Display 976</p> <p>OTDR Setup 978</p> <p>Cable Plant Test Setup 980</p> <p>Testing and Trace Analysis 984</p> <p>Documentation of OTDR Testing 991</p> <p>Emerging Testing Standards 991</p> <p>The Bottom Line 992</p> <p><b>Chapter 34 Troubleshooting and Restoration 995</b></p> <p>Optical Fiber Type Mismatch 995</p> <p>Cable Optical Fiber Type Mismatch 995</p> <p>Connector Optical Fiber Type Mismatch 997</p> <p>Inspection and Evaluation 998</p> <p>Connector Inspection 999</p> <p>Connector Endface Evaluation 1000</p> <p>Receptacle and Adapter Inspection and Cleaning 1006</p> <p>Continuity Tester Fault Location Techniques 1015</p> <p>Continuity Tester Polarity Verification Techniques 1019</p> <p>Visual Fault Locator 1022</p> <p>Fiber Identifier 1027</p> <p>OTDR Fault Location Techniques 1029</p> <p>Restoration Practices 1032</p> <p>The Bottom Line 1034</p> <p>Appendices 1037</p> <p>Appendix A The Bottom Line 1039</p> <p>Chapter 1: Introduction to Data Cabling 1039</p> <p>Chapter 2: Cabling Specifications and Standards 1041</p> <p>Chapter 3: Choosing the Correct Cabling 1042</p> <p>Chapter 4: Cable System and Infrastructure Constraints 1044</p> <p>Chapter 5: Cabling System Components 1045</p> <p>Chapter 6: Tools of the Trade 1046</p> <p>Chapter 7: Copper Cable Media 1047</p> <p>Chapter 8: Fiber-Optic Media 1048</p> <p>Chapter 9: Wall Plates 1049</p> <p>Chapter 10: Connectors 1050</p> <p>Chapter 11: Network Equipment 1051</p> <p>Chapter 12: Wireless Networks 1052</p> <p>Chapter 13: Cabling System Design and Installation 1053</p> <p>Chapter 14: Cable Connector Installation 1054</p> <p>Chapter 15: Cable System Testing and Troubleshooting 1055</p> <p>Chapter 16: Creating a Request for Proposal 1057</p> <p>Chapter 17: Cabling @ Work: Experience from the Field 1058</p> <p>Chapter 18: History of Fiber Optics and Broadband Access 1059</p> <p>Chapter 19: Principles of Fiber-Optic Transmission 1060</p> <p>Chapter 20: Basic Principles of Light 1062</p> <p>Chapter 21: Optical Fiber Construction and Theory 1063</p> <p>Chapter 22: Optical Fiber Characteristics 1065</p> <p>Chapter 23: Safety 1068</p> <p>Chapter 24: Fiber-Optic Cables 1068</p> <p>Chapter 25: Splicing 1071</p> <p>Chapter 26: Connectors 1073</p> <p>Chapter 27: Fiber-Optic Light Sources and Transmitters 1074</p> <p>Chapter 28: Fiber-Optic Detectors and Receivers 1078</p> <p>Chapter 29: Passive Components and Multiplexers 1079</p> <p>Chapter 30: Passive Optical Networks 1080</p> <p>Chapter 31: Cable Installation and Hardware 1081</p> <p>Chapter 32: Fiber-Optic System Design Considerations 1083</p> <p>Chapter 33: Test Equipment and Link/Cable Testing 1089</p> <p>Chapter 34: Troubleshooting and Restoration 1093</p> <p>Appendix B Cabling Resources 1097</p> <p>Informational Internet Resources 1097</p> <p>comp dcom cabling 1097</p> <p>Whatis 1097</p> <p>Wikipedia 1098</p> <p>TIA Online 1098</p> <p>Fiber Optics Technology Consortium (FOTC) 1098</p> <p>TechFest 1098</p> <p>TechEncyclopedia 1098</p> <p>National Electrical Code Internet Connection 1098</p> <p>Charles Spurgeon’s Ethernet Website 1098</p> <p>ATIS Telecom Glossary 1099</p> <p>Protocols com 1099</p> <p>Webopedia: Online Computer Dictionary for Internet Terms and Technical Support 1099</p> <p>Books, Publications, and Videos 1099<br /> <i>Cabling Business Magazine 1099<br /> Cabling Installation and Maintenance Magazine 1099</i></p> <p>The Fiber Optic Association (FOA) 1099<br /> <i>Newton’s Telecom Dictionary 1100</i></p> <p>Premises Network 1100</p> <p>BICSI’s Telecommunications Distribution Methods Manual and Information Transport Systems Installation Methods Manual 1100</p> <p>ANSI/TIA-568-C Commercial Building Telecommunication Cabling Standard 1100</p> <p>Manufacturers 1100</p> <p>The Siemon Company 1100</p> <p>MilesTek, Inc 1100</p> <p>IDEAL Industries, Inc 1101</p> <p>Leviton 1101</p> <p>Ortronics 1101</p> <p>Superior Essex 1101</p> <p>CommScope 1101</p> <p>Jensen Tools 1101</p> <p>Labor Saving Devices, Inc 1101</p> <p>Ofs 1102</p> <p>Erico 1102</p> <p>Berk-Tek 1102</p> <p>Fluke 1102</p> <p>Panduit 1102</p> <p>Anixter 1102</p> <p>Graybar 1102</p> <p>Communications Supply Corporation 1102</p> <p>Appendix C Registered Communications Distribution Designer (RCDD) Certification 1103</p> <p>Apply and Be Accepted as a Candidate for the Designation of RCDD 1104</p> <p>Successfully Pass the Stringent RCDD Exam 1104</p> <p>Maintain Your Accreditation Through Continuing Membership and Education 1107</p> <p>Check Out BICSI and the RCDD Program for Yourself 1107</p> <p>Appendix D Home Cabling: Wiring Your Home for Now and the Future 1109</p> <p>Home Cabling Facts and Trends 1109</p> <p>Structured Residential Cabling 1110</p> <p>Picking Cabling Equipment for Home Cabling 1112</p> <p>A Word About Wireless 1114</p> <p>Thinking Forward 1114</p> <p>Appendix E Overview of IEEE 1394 and USB Networking 1115</p> <p>Ieee 1394 1116</p> <p>Usb 1118</p> <p>Appendix F The Electronics Technicians Association, International (ETA) Certifications 1121</p> <p>Data Cabling Installer (DCI) Certification 2014 Knowledge Competency Requirements 1121</p> <p>1 Safety 1121</p> <p>2 Basic Electricity 1121</p> <p>3 Data Cabling Introduction 1122</p> <p>4 Data Communications Basics 1122</p> <p>5 Cabling Specifications and Standards 1123</p> <p>6 Basic Network Architectures 1124</p> <p>7 Cable Construction 1124</p> <p>8 Cable Performance Characteristics 1125</p> <p>9 National Electrical Code – NEC & UL Requiremnst 1125</p> <p>10 Telecommunications Cabling System Structure 1126</p> <p>11 Data Cabling Installer Tools 1127</p> <p>12 Transmission Media for Networking and Telecommunications 1127</p> <p>13 Work Area Telecommunications Outlet and Connectors 1129</p> <p>14 Local Area Network Interconnection and Networking 1130</p> <p>15 Wireless Heterogeneous Cabling Networks 1130</p> <p>16 Cabling System Components 1130</p> <p>17 Cabling System Design 1131</p> <p>18 Cabling Installation 1132</p> <p>19 Connector Installation 1133</p> <p>20 Cabling Testing and Certification 1133</p> <p>21 Cabling Troubleshooting 1134</p> <p>22 Documentation 1135</p> <p>Fiber Optics Installer (FOI) 2014 Knowledge Competency Requirements 1135</p> <p>1 History of Fiber Optics 1135</p> <p>2 Principles of Fiber Optic Transmission 1135</p> <p>3 Basic Principles of Light 1136</p> <p>4 Optical Fiber Construction and Theory 1136</p> <p>5 Optical Fiber Characteristics 1137</p> <p>6 Fiber Optic Cabling Safety 1137</p> <p>7 Fiber Optic Cables 1138</p> <p>8 Splicing 1139</p> <p>9 Connectors 1139</p> <p>10 Fiber Optic Light Sources 1140</p> <p>11 Fiber Optic Detectors and Receivers 1141</p> <p>12 Cable Installation and Testing 1141</p> <p>13 Fiber Optic System Design Considerations 1142</p> <p>14 Test Equipment and Link/Cable Testing 1142</p> <p>Fiber Optic Technician (FOT) 2014 Knowledge Competency Requirements 1143</p> <p>1 Principles of Fiber Optic Transmission 1143</p> <p>2 Basic Principles of Light 1143</p> <p>3 Optical Fiber Construction and Theory 1144</p> <p>4 Optical Fiber Characteristics 1144</p> <p>5 Safety 1145</p> <p>6 Fiber Optic Cables 1145</p> <p>7 Types of Splicing 1146</p> <p>8 Connectors 1147</p> <p>9 Sources 1148</p> <p>10 Detectors and Receivers 1149</p> <p>11 Passive Components and Multiplxers 1150</p> <p>12 Passive Optical Networks (PON) 1151</p> <p>13 Cable Installation and Hardware 1151</p> <p>14 Fiber Optic System Consuderations 1152</p> <p>15 Test Equipment and Link//Cable Testing 1153</p> <p>16 Troubleshooting and Restoration 1154</p> <p>Glossary 1155<br /><br /> Index 1241</p>
<p><b>Andrew Oliviero</b> is Director of Product Line Management of optical fiber products at OFS, a supplier of optical fiber, cable apparatus and specialty products. He is involved in the development of optical fiber cabling standards in TIA, IEC, ISO, and IEEE. He was involved in the development of the ANSI /TI A-568-C standard and held the Chair position of TI A's Fiber Optic LAN Section in 2007. Oliviero holds a B.S.E and Ph.D. in Chemical Engineering from the University of Pennsylvania and the University of Massachusetts.</p> <p><b>Bill Woodward</b> has been working with and teaching fiber optics since 1992. He is chairman of SAE International’s Aerospace Fiber Optics and Applied Photonics Committee, AS-3 and chairman of the AS-3B2 Education and Design Working Group. He has also served four terms as chairman of the Electronics Technicians Association; in addition, he is chairman of the committees responsible for the FOI, FOT and DCI certifications.</p>
<p>THE COMPLETE CABLING GUIDE <b>—UPDATED WITH THE LATEST IN FIBER-OPTICS TECHNOLOGY</b></p> <p>Poor cabling accounts for nearly 70% of network problems. <i>Cabling: The Complete Guide to Copper and Fiber-Optic Networking, 5th Edition</i> is the industry-leading guide to helping you develop the skills you need to design and build reliable, cost-effective cabling infrastructure. This fifth edition has been fully updated with the latest industry standards and a deeper look into fiber-optics, helping professionals meet the growing demands of large-scale communities that require fiber-optics networks rather than traditional copper.</p> <ul> <li><b>An introduction to data cabling</b></li> <li>Cabling specifications and standards</li> <li>Choosing the correct cabling</li> <li>Cable system components and infrastructure constraints</li> <li>Network equipment</li> <li>Fiber-optic, copper, and wireless media</li> <li>Design considerations for fiber-optic systems</li> <li>Principles of fiber-optic transmission</li> <li>Passive components, multiplexers, and optical networks</li> <li>Testing equipment, link/cable testing, troubleshooting, and restoration</li> </ul> <p>This comprehensive resource is packed with expert advice and best practices for implementing data center, local, access, metropolitan and wireless networks with data rates ranging from 100Mbps to 100Gbps using copper and fiber-optic cabling. This guide was written with the support of the Electronics Technicians Association (ETA) to provide authoritative coverage of the Fiber Optics Installer (FOI), Fiber Optics Technician (FOT) and Data Cabling Installer (DCI) certifications.</p>

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