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<p>List of Contributors ix</p> <p>Acknowledgments xi</p> <p>Glossary of Terms xii</p> <p>1 Introduction 1<br /><i>Aviezer Tucker</i></p> <p><b>Part I Major Fields 7</b></p> <p>2 Philosophy of Historiography 9<br /><i>Peter Kosso</i></p> <p>3 Philosophy of History 26<br /><i>ZdenFk VaSíCek</i></p> <p>4 Philosophical Issues in Natural History and Its Historiography 44<br /><i>Carol E. Cleland</i></p> <p>5 Historians and Philosophy of Historiography 63<br /><i>John Zammito</i></p> <p><b>Part II Basic Problems 85</b></p> <p>6 Historiographic Evidence and Confirmation 87<br /><i>Mark Day and Gregory Radick</i></p> <p>7 Causation in Historiography 98<br /><i>Aviezer Tucker</i></p> <p>8 Historiographic Counterfactuals 109<br /><i>Elazar Weinryb</i></p> <p>9 Historical Necessity and Contingency 120<br /><i>Yemima Ben-Menahem</i></p> <p>10 Explanation in Historiography 131<br /><i>Graham Macdonald and Cynthia Macdonald</i></p> <p>11 Historiographic Understanding 142<br /><i>Giuseppina D’Oro</i></p> <p>12 Colligation 152<br /><i>C. Behan McCullagh</i></p> <p>13 The Laws of History 162<br /><i>Stephan Berry</i></p> <p>14 Historiographic Objectivity 172<br /><i>Paul Newall</i></p> <p>15 Realism about the Past 181<br /><i>Murray Murphey</i></p> <p>16 Anti-realism about the Past 190<br /><i>Fabrice Pataut</i></p> <p>17 Narrative and Interpretation 199<br /><i>F. R. Ankersmit</i></p> <p>18 The Ontology of the Objects of Historiography 209<br /><i>Lars Udehn</i></p> <p>19 Origins: Common Causes in Historiographic Reasoning 220<br /><i>Aviezer Tucker</i></p> <p>20 Phylogenetic Inference 231<br /><i>Matt Haber</i></p> <p>21 Historicism 243<br /><i>Robert D’Amico</i></p> <p>22 Ethics and the Writing of Historiography 253<br /><i>Jonathan Gorman</i></p> <p>23 Logical Fallacies of Historians 262<br /><i>Paul Newall</i></p> <p>24 Historical Fallacies of Historians 274<br /><i>Carlos Spoerhase and Colin G. King</i></p> <p><b>Part III Philosophy and Sub-fields of Historiography 285</b></p> <p>25 Philosophy of History of Science 287<br /><i>Nicholas Jardine</i></p> <p>26 Philosophies of Historiography and the Social Sciences 297<br /><i>Harold Kincaid</i></p> <p>27 The Philosophy of Evolutionary Theory 307<br /><i>Michael Ruse</i></p> <p>28 The Philosophy of Geology 318<br /><i>Rob Inkpen</i></p> <p>29 Philosophy of Archaeology 330<br /><i>Ben Jeffares</i></p> <p>30 Reductionism: Historiography and Psychology 342<br /><i>Cynthia Macdonald and Graham Macdonald</i></p> <p>31 Historiography and Myth 353<br /><i>Mary Lefkowitz</i></p> <p>32 Historiography and Memory 362<br /><i>Marie-Claire Lavabre</i></p> <p>33 Historiographic Schools 371<br /><i>Christopher Lloyd</i></p> <p><b>Part IV Classical Schools and Philosophers of Historiography and History 381</b></p> <p>34 Leopold Ranke 383<br /><i>Thomas Gil</i></p> <p>35 Scientific Historiography 393<br /><i>Chris Lorenz</i></p> <p>36 Darwin 404<br /><i>John S. Wilkins</i></p> <p>37 Logical Empiricism and Logical Positivism 416<br /><i>Krzysztof Brzechczyn</i></p> <p>38 Jewish and Christian Philosophy of History 427<br /><i>Samuel Moyn</i></p> <p>39 Muslim Philosophy of History 437<br /><i>Zaid Ahmad</i></p> <p>40 Vico 446<br /><i>Joseph Mali</i></p> <p>41 Kant and Herder 457<br /><i>Sharon Anderson-Gold</i></p> <p>42 Hegel 468<br /><i>Tom Rockmore</i></p> <p>43 Neo-Kantianism 477<br /><i>Charles Bambach</i></p> <p>44 Marx 488<br /><i>Tom Rockmore</i></p> <p>45 Collingwood and Croce 498<br /><i>Stein Helgeby</i></p> <p>46 Phenomenology 508<br /><i>David Weberman</i></p> <p>47 Jan Patocka 518<br /><i>Ivan Chvatík</i></p> <p>48 Hermeneutics 529<br /><i>Rudolf A. Makkreel</i></p> <p>49 Postmodernism 540<br /><i>Beverley Southgate</i></p> <p>50 Philosophy of History at the End of the Cold War 550<br /><i>Krishan Kumar</i></p> <p>Index 561</p>

"Like the encompassing nature of the other volumes in the Blackwell Companion to Philosophy series, undergraduate students and scholars with a serious interest in philosophical problems related to history and historiography should benefit from the newest Companion." (Reviews in Religion & Theology, 2012) <p>"This volume does a fine job of showing the field's connections to many of the central concerns of contemporary philosophy. Part Four offers essays addressing the traditional schools and issues of philosophy of history and historiography, as well as valuable essays on postmodernism, Muslim philosophy of history, and philosophy of history at the end of the Cold War, among other topics. Recommended." (<i>Choice,</i> June 2009)</p> <p>"Tucker is to be congratulated…for conceiving of this work, and for soliciting, selecting, organizing, and editing its essays—all of which were written especially for the volume. [E]ach essay presents a particular author's take on a subject, often ending with further questions and suggestions. In this way it resembles a conversational partner who accompanies one along the way, stimulating further reflection as well as providing interesting information and observations. A companion literally is someone who breaks bread with another (com: with; panis: bread), and it certainly is the case that these essays—so clearly written, so mercifully manageable in length, and so sharp in focus—collectively and individually provide a great deal of food for thought.<br /> [T]he range and scope of the volume…is impressive by any standard. The fact that the authors are world-class authorities in the areas in which they are writing, and that they have made a special effort (prodded, no doubt, by its editor), to write in clear, jargon-free prose, makes evident the appeal and usefulness of the book. Too, the book is handsomely produced and well copy-edited by Wiley-Blackwell." (Brian Fay, <i>Journal of the Philosophy of History</i>)</p>

<b>Aviezer Tucker</b> is a Gvirtzman Memorial Foundation Fellow and teaches at the CEVRO Institute in Prague.  He held research positions at the Australian National University, New York University, Columbia University and the Central European University in Prague. He is the author of <i>Our Knowledge of the Past: A Philosophy of</i> <i>Historiography</i> (2004) and a past president of the Society for the Philosophy of History.

The philosophy of historiography examines our representations and knowledge of the past, the relation between evidence, inference, explanation and narrative. Do we possess knowledge of the past? Do we just have probable beliefs about the past, or is historiography a piece of convincing fiction? The philosophy of history is the direct philosophical examination of history, whether it is necessary or contingent, whether it has a direction or whether it is coincidental, and if it has a direction, what it is, and how and why it is unfolding? <p>The fifty entries in this companion cover the main issues in the philosophies of historiography and history, including natural history and the practices of historians. Written by an international and multi-disciplinary group of experts, these clearly written entries present a cutting-edge updated picture of current research in the philosophies of historiography and history.</p> <p>This companion will be of interest to philosophers, historians, natural historians, and social scientists.</p>

"Since the writing of history is part of the humanities, the social sciences, and the natural sciences, the philosophical questions pertaining thereto have often been isolated from each other. Not so here. This volume is full of riches."<br /> –<b>Elliott Sober</b>, University of Wisconsin <p>"Anyone interested in thinking about history, from the great systems to analyzing how historians support their truth claims, will find these expert essays a splendid introduction."<br /> –<b>Richard Vann</b>, Senior Editor, <i>History and Theory</i></p>

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