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<p>Preface xii</p> <p>List of Figures xiii</p> <p>List of Maps xxi</p> <p>Contributor Biographies xxii</p> <p>Abbreviations xxviii</p> <p>Maps xxx</p> <p>1 Introduction 1<br /><i>Ted Kaizer</i></p> <p>2 Historical Narrative 9<br /><i>Maurice Sartre</i></p> <p><b>Part I Sources 19</b></p> <p>3 Geographical Sources and Documents 21<br /><i>Gillian Ramsey</i></p> <p>4 Berossos between Greek and Babylonian Culture 34<br /><i>Johannes H. Haubold</i></p> <p>5 Lucian, Philo of Byblos, and Ps.-Meliton 44<br /><i>J.L. Lightfoot</i></p> <p>6 Jewish Sources 54<br /><i>C.T. Robert Hayward</i></p> <p>7 Josephus 66<br /><i>Jan Willem van Henten</i></p> <p>8 Syriac Sources 76<br /><i>Alberto Rigolio</i></p> <p>9 Greek and Latin Inscriptions 86<br /><i>Pierre-Louis Gatier</i></p> <p>10 Ancient North Arabian 99<br /><i>Ahmad al-Jallad</i></p> <p>11 Parchments and Papyri 105<br /><i>Kimberley Czajkowski</i></p> <p>12 Statues, Reliefs, and Paintings: Hellenism versus Local Culture 114<br /><i>Lucinda Dirven</i></p> <p>13 Archaeology and Architecture 126<br /><i>Rubina Raja</i></p> <p>14 Numismatics 135<br /><i>Kevin Butcher</i></p> <p>15 Air-Photography 154<br /><i>David L. Kennedy</i></p> <p>16 Mosaics 177<br /><i>Janine Balty</i></p> <p><b>Part II Regions, Places, and Peoples 189</b></p> <p>17 The Tetrapolis and Other City Foundations 191<br /><i>Apostolos Bousdroukis</i></p> <p>18 The Decapolis 213<br /><i>Achim Lichtenberger</i></p> <p>19 Commagene 223<br /><i>Margherita Facella</i></p> <p>20 Hellenistic and Roman Phoenicia 240<br /><i>Michael Sommer</i></p> <p>21 Lebanon 249<br /><i>Julien Aliquot</i></p> <p>22 Judaea, the Palestinian Coast, the Galilee, Idumaea, and Samaria 259<br /><i>Yaron Z. Eliav</i></p> <p>23 The Nabataeans 272<br /><i>David F. Graf</i></p> <p>24 Palmyra 284<br /><i>Jean-Baptiste Yon</i></p> <p>25 Dura-Europos 295<br /><i>J.A. Baird</i></p> <p>26 The Middle Euphrates 305<br /><i>P.M. Edwell</i></p> <p>27 The Parthian and Sasanian Near East (including Hatra, Edessa, and the Characene) 316<br /><i>Tommaso Gnoli</i></p> <p>28 The Desert and its Peoples 327<br /><i>M.C.A. Macdonald</i></p> <p><b>Part III Themes 335</b></p> <p>29 The Roman Armies in the Near East 337<br /><i>Oliver Stoll</i></p> <p>30 Roads and Harbors 350<br /><i>Benjamin Isaac</i></p> <p>31 Kingdoms and Principalities 365<br /><i>Andreas J.M. Kropp</i></p> <p>32 Trade 378<br /><i>Michal Gawlikowski</i></p> <p>33 Local and Regional Economies 389<br /><i>Kai Ruffing</i></p> <p>34 The Arabs 397<br /><i>M.C.A. Macdonald</i></p> <p>35 Indigenous Law 402<br /><i>John F. Healey</i></p> <p>36 Funerary Traditions 412<br /><i>Lidewijde de Jong</i></p> <p>37 Religious Life 423<br /><i>Alison C. Ewins and Eris B. Williams Reed</i></p> <p>38 Early Christianity in the Near East 435<br /><i>L. Van Rompay</i></p> <p>Bibliography 445</p> <p>Index 518</p>

<p><b>Ted Kaizer</b> is Professor in Roman Culture and History at Durham University. He is the author of <i>The Religious Life of Palmyra</i> and has edited or co-edited several volumes on the social and religious history of the Roman Near East. Most recently he has written the historiographical introductions for two volumes on Dura-Europos in the <i>Bibliotheca Cumontiana, Scripta Minora</i> VII and <i>Scripta Maiora</i> XI.</p>

<p>A COMPANION TO THE HELLENISTIC AND ROMAN NEAR EAST</p> <p>In <i>A Companion to the Hellenistic and Roman Near East</i>, distinguished academic and author Dr. Ted Kaizer delivers a timely and comprehensively structured handbook that brings together leading scholars from several academic traditions and disciplines. The book is divided into sections that organize the interdisciplinary source material by source, region, and theme.</p> <p>The volume provides broad regional and sub-regional variety in the cross-disciplinary source material that compensates for the destruction of monuments in the region that has deprived researchers of the ability to study these historical stages in person. It will also serve to integrate the study of the Near East in the Hellenistic and Roman periods within the traditional undergraduate teaching syllabus.</p> <p>The book features experts from around the world, including the USA, Canada, the UK, France, Germany, and many more countries, who write from several perspectives and disciplines, such as Ancient History, Archaeology, Art History, Epigraphy, Numismatics, and Oriental Studies.</p> <p>Perfect for undergraduate, graduate, and PhD Classics, Archaeology, and History students taking courses on the Classical Levant, <i>A Companion to the Hellenistic and Roman Near East</i> is also an indispensable guide for scholars studying the Near East and anyone interested in the history of this period.</p>

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