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Veterinary Anesthetic and Monitoring Equipment


Veterinary Anesthetic and Monitoring Equipment


1. Aufl.

von: Kristen G. Cooley, Rebecca A. Johnson

131,99 €

Verlag: Wiley-Blackwell
Format: PDF
Veröffentl.: 06.08.2018
ISBN/EAN: 9781119277170
Sprache: englisch
Anzahl Seiten: 560

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Beschreibungen

<p><i>Veterinary Anesthetic and Monitoring Equipment </i>is the first veterinary-specific resource solely dedicated to anesthetic and monitoring equipment used in clinical practice.  </p> <ul> <li>Offers a practical guide to anesthetic and monitoring equipment commonly used in veterinary medicine</li> <li>Provides clinically oriented guidance to troubleshooting problems that may occur</li> <li>Discusses general principles applicable to any equipment found in the practice</li> <li>Presents information associated with novel anesthetic equipment and monitors</li> </ul> <p> </p>
<p>List of Contributors xvii</p> <p>Preface xxi</p> <p><b>1 Medical Gas Cylinders and Pipeline Systems 1<br /></b><i>Carl Bradbrook</i></p> <p>1.1 Medical Gas Cylinders 1</p> <p>1.2 Liquid Oxygen Tanks 8</p> <p>1.3 Oxygen Concentrators 9</p> <p>1.4 Medical Gas Pipeline Systems 9</p> <p>References 15</p> <p><b>2 Oxygen Concentrators 17<br /></b><i>Allan Williamson</i></p> <p>2.1 Introduction 17</p> <p>2.2 Function 17</p> <p>2.3 Product Gas 17</p> <p>2.4 Clinical Use 18</p> <p>2.5 Advantages 20</p> <p>2.6 Disadvantages 20</p> <p>2.7 Hazards 20</p> <p>2.8 Summary 21</p> <p>References 21</p> <p><b>3 Small Animal Anesthetic Machines and Equipment 23<br /></b><i>Craig Mosley and Amanda Shelby</i></p> <p>3.1 Introduction 23</p> <p>3.2 Safety and Design 23</p> <p>3.3 The Basic Veterinary Anesthetic Machine 23</p> <p>3.4 Breathing Systems 33</p> <p>3.5 Waste Gas Scavenge Systems 33</p> <p>3.6 Routine Anesthesia Machine Checkout Procedures 33</p> <p>References 34</p> <p><b>4 Large Animal Anesthesia Machines and Equipment 35<br /></b><i>Amanda Shelby</i></p> <p>4.1 History of the Large Animal Anesthesia Machine 35</p> <p>4.2 Purpose 35</p> <p>4.3 Standards 35</p> <p>4.4 Similarity to Small Animal Machines 35</p> <p>4.5 Components of the Anesthesia Machine 36</p> <p>4.6 Large Animal Anesthesia Workstations 41</p> <p>4.7 Common Commercially Available Machines 41</p> <p>4.8 General Cautions 51</p> <p>4.9 Miscellaneous Equipment for Large Animal Anesthesia 51</p> <p> References 53</p> <p><b>5 Anesthetic Vaporizers 55<br /></b><i>Sharon Fornes, Kristen G. Cooley, and Rebecca A. Johnson </i></p> <p>5.1 Introduction 55</p> <p>5.2 Vaporizer Physics 55</p> <p>5.3 Vaporizer Classification 56</p> <p>5.4 Other Factors Affecting Vaporizers 62</p> <p>5.5 Maintenance and Repair 64</p> <p>5.6 Current Vaporizer Standards 65</p> <p>5.7 The Modern Vaporizer 65</p> <p>5.8 Specific Vaporizers 66</p> <p>5.9 Summary 71</p> <p> References 71</p> <p><b>6 Anesthetic Ventilators 73<br /></b><i>Katrina Lafferty </i></p> <p>6.1 Introduction 73</p> <p>6.2 Ventilator Function in the Breathing Circuit 73</p> <p>6.3 Tidal Volume Delivery 73</p> <p>6.4 Driving Gas 74</p> <p>6.5 Bellows Construction 75</p> <p>6.6 Pressure Limiting Controls 76</p> <p>6.7 Gas Pressure Alarm 77</p> <p>6.8 Exhaust Valve 77</p> <p>6.9 Spill Valve 77</p> <p>6.10 Ventilator Hose Connection or Ventilator Hose Switch 77</p> <p>6.11 Ventilation Modes 78</p> <p>6.12 Cleaning and Sterilization 79</p> <p>6.13 Pressure Checking 79</p> <p>6.14 General Concerns and Troubleshooting 80</p> <p>6.15 Pediatric Ventilation 81</p> <p>6.16 Basic Ventilator‐Patient Set‐up 82</p> <p>6.17 Small Animal Mechanical Ventilators 82</p> <p>6.18 Large Animal Mechanical Ventilators 85</p> <p>6.19 Conclusion 89</p> <p> References 89</p> <p><b>7 Humidification and Positive Pressure Equipment 91<br /></b><i>Stephanie Keating and Stuart Clark‐Price </i></p> <p>7.1 Humidification 91</p> <p>7.2 Positive Pressure Equipment 96</p> <p> References 98</p> <p><b>8 Waste Anesthetic Gas Collection and Consequences 101<br /></b><i>Heidi Reuss‐Lamky </i></p> <p>8.1 Introduction 101</p> <p>8.2 Occupational WAG Exposure 101</p> <p>8.3 Physical Properties and Elimination 102</p> <p>8.4 Pharmacodynamics 102</p> <p>8.5 History of Governmental Regulations and Trace (Waste) Gas Exposure 104</p> <p>8.6 WAG Exposure Level Recommendations 104</p> <p>8.7 Reducing Environmental WAG Exposure 104</p> <p>8.8 The Anesthetist’s Responsibility 107</p> <p>8.9 Monitoring WAG Exposure 112</p> <p>8.10 Summary 112</p> <p>References 113</p> <p><b>9 Hazards of the Anesthetic Delivery System and Operating Room Fires 115<br /></b><i>Odette O</i></p> <p>9.1 Hazards of the Anesthetic Delivery System 115</p> <p>9.2 Operating Room Fires 123</p> <p>References 125</p> <p><b>10 Components of the Breathing System 127<br /></b><i>Craig Mosley and Amanda Shelby</i></p> <p>10.1 Breathing Systems 127</p> <p>10.2 Summary 139</p> <p>References 139</p> <p><b>11 Mapleson Breathing Systems 141<br /></b><i>Tatiana Ferreira</i></p> <p>11.1 Introduction 141</p> <p>11.2 Fresh Gas Flows (FGFs) 141</p> <p>11.3 Advantages and Disadvantages 141</p> <p>11.4 Choice of System 143</p> <p>11.5 Specific System Types 143</p> <p>11.6 Combined Systems 150</p> <p>11.7 Respiratory Gas Monitoring 150</p> <p>11.8 Potential Hazards 151</p> <p>References 152</p> <p><b>12 The Circle System 155<br /></b><i>Geoffrey Truchetti and Trish Anne Farry</i></p> <p>12.1 Introduction 155</p> <p>12.2 Components 155</p> <p>12.3 Component Arrangement 162</p> <p>12.4 Gas Flow 164</p> <p>12.5 Resistance and Work of Breathing in the Circle System 166</p> <p>12.6 Dead Space 166</p> <p>12.7 Heat and Moisture 167</p> <p>12.8 Maintenance 167</p> <p>12.9 Advantages/Disadvantages 168</p> <p>References 168</p> <p><b>13 Laryngoscopes 171<br /></b><i>Erin Wendt‐Hornickle</i></p> <p>13.1 History 171</p> <p>13.2 Laryngoscope Use 171</p> <p>13.3 Description 171</p> <p>13.4 Fiber Optic Endoscopes 174</p> <p>13.5 Veterinary‐Specific Laryngoscopes 175</p> <p>13.6 Summary 175</p> <p>References 176</p> <p><b>14 Supraglottic Airway Devices and Tracheal Tubes and Stylets 177<br /></b><i>Jennifer Sager</i></p> <p>14.1 Introduction 177</p> <p>14.2 Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) 177</p> <p>14.3 Veterinary‐gel (v‐gel®) Airway Device 178</p> <p>14.4 Endotracheal Tubes 179</p> <p>14.5 Large Animal Endotracheal Tubes 184</p> <p>14.6 Reinforced Tubes 185</p> <p>14.7 Laser Safe Tubes 185</p> <p>14.8 Single Lung Intubation 186</p> <p>14.9 Stylets 187</p> <p>14.10 Cuff Pressure Manometers 188</p> <p>14.11 Summary 190</p> <p>References 190</p> <p><b>15 Oxygen Delivery Systems 193<br /></b><i>Jonathan Bach</i></p> <p>15.1 Introduction 193</p> <p>15.2 Oxygen Supplementation Techniques 193</p> <p>15.3 Hyperbaric Oxygen 197</p> <p>References 197</p> <p><b>16 Gas Monitoring 199<br /></b><i>Louise O’Dwyer</i></p> <p>16.1 Introduction 199</p> <p>16.2 Capnometry/Capnography 199</p> <p>16.3 Oxygen Measurement 207</p> <p>16.4 Nitrous Oxide and Inhalation Agent Analyzers 208</p> <p>16.5 Blood Gas Analysis: Partial Pressures of Oxygen and CO2 210</p> <p>16.6 Conclusion 210</p> <p>References 210</p> <p><b>17 Airway Volumes, Flows and Pressures 213<br /></b><i>Andrew Claude and Alanna Johnson</i></p> <p>17.1 Introduction 213</p> <p>17.2 Definitions 213</p> <p>17.3 Volume and Flow Measurement Devices 214</p> <p>17.4 The Ventilatory (Respiratory) Cycle 218</p> <p>17.5 Airway Pressure Monitoring 219</p> <p>17.6 Spirometry Loops 219</p> <p>References 222</p> <p><b>18 Pulse Oximetry 223<br /></b><i>Odette O</i></p> <p>18.1 Introduction 223</p> <p>18.2 History 223</p> <p>18.3 Importance of Pulse Oximetry 223</p> <p>18.4 Function 224</p> <p>18.5 Pulse Oximeter Probes 224</p> <p>18.6 Uses 225</p> <p>18.7 Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curves in Different Species 225</p> <p>18.8 Patient Factors 226</p> <p>18.9 Abnormal Hemoglobin 227</p> <p>18.10 Sources of Error 227</p> <p>18.11 Perfusion Index (PI) and Plethysmograph Variability Index (PVI) 228</p> <p>18.12 Other Pulse Oximeter Models 229</p> <p>18.13 Low Saturation Alarms 231</p> <p>18.14 Pulse Oximetry Use in the Recovery Period 231</p> <p>18.15 Summary 231</p> <p>References 232</p> <p><b>19 Cardiovascular Monitoring 235<br /></b><i>Anderson Favaro da Cunha and Rebecca A. Johnson</i></p> <p>19.1 Introduction 235</p> <p>19.2 Definitions 235</p> <p>19.3 Measurement Techniques 235</p> <p>19.4 Patient Point of View 244</p> <p>19.5 Central Venous Pressure (CVP) 245</p> <p>19.6 Cardiac Output Monitoring 246</p> <p>19.7 Conclusion 248</p> <p>References 248</p> <p><b>20 Electrocardiography 253<br /></b><i>Tracey Lawrence</i></p> <p>20.1 Overview 253</p> <p>20.2 The ECG Machine 253</p> <p>20.3 Lead Systems 254</p> <p>20.4 Mean Electrical Axis (MEA) 257</p> <p>20.5 ECG Cycle 258</p> <p>20.6 Electrode Placement 260</p> <p>20.7 ECG Filters 263</p> <p>20.8 Evaluating the ECG 264</p> <p>20.9 Equipment Maintenance 268</p> <p>20.10 Summary 268</p> <p>References 269</p> <p><b>21 Neuromuscular Transmission Monitoring 271<br /></b><i>Molly Allen and Rebecca A. Johnson</i></p> <p>21.1 Introduction 271</p> <p>21.2 Neuromuscular Transmission 271</p> <p>21.3 Peripheral Nerve Stimulation 271</p> <p>21.4 Monitoring Techniques 275</p> <p>21.5 Other Equipment 279</p> <p>References 280</p> <p><b>22 Temperature Regulation and Monitoring 285<br /></b><i>Caroline Baldo and Darci Palmer</i></p> <p>22.1 Introduction 285</p> <p>22.2 Heat and Thermodynamics 285</p> <p>22.3 Thermoregulation 285</p> <p>22.4 Types of Heat Loss 286</p> <p>22.5 Heat Loss During Anesthesia 287</p> <p>22.6 Effects of Hypothermia and Hyperthermia 288</p> <p>22.7 Re‐Warming 289</p> <p>22.8 Temperature Monitoring Devices 290</p> <p>22.9 Sites of Temperature Monitoring 291</p> <p>22.10 Warming Devices 293</p> <p>22.11 Active Warming Devices 293</p> <p>22.12 Other Techniques to Minimize Heat Loss 298</p> <p>22.13 High‐Risk Heating Methods 299</p> <p>References 300</p> <p><b>23 Fluid Regulation and Monitoring 303<br /></b><i>Julie Walker</i></p> <p>23.1 Overview of Fluid Physiology 303</p> <p>23.2 Assessment of Fluid Balance 304</p> <p>23.3 Advanced Fluid Balance Monitoring Techniques 307</p> <p>23.4 Fluid Therapy 311</p> <p>23.5 Equipment for Fluid Therapy 312</p> <p>23.6 Summary 319</p> <p>References 319</p> <p><b>24 Anesthetic Records 323<br /></b><i>Thomas Riebold</i></p> <p>24.1 Introduction 323</p> <p>24.2 Maintaining Anesthetic Records 323</p> <p>24.3 Monitoring Recommendations 323</p> <p>24.4 Paper Anesthetic Records 324</p> <p>24.5 Electronic Anesthetic Records 324</p> <p>24.6 Transitioning from Paper to Electronic Medical Records 327</p> <p>24.7 Specific Types of Anesthetic Monitoring Software 328</p> <p>24.8 Patient Management and Digital Records 330</p> <p>24.9 Automated Dispensing Systems and Record Keeping 333</p> <p>References 333</p> <p><b>25 Equipment for the Magnetic Resonance Imaging System 335<br /></b><i>Kris Kruse‐Elliott</i></p> <p>25.1 Basic Principles of Magnetic Resonance Imaging 335</p> <p>25.2 Regulations 337</p> <p>25.3 MRI Hazard Classification 337</p> <p>25.4 Types of Metal 338</p> <p>25.5 Gauss Lines and Safety Zones 338</p> <p>25.6 Specific Hazards 339</p> <p>25.7 Compatible MRI Equipment 340</p> <p>25.8 Anesthetic Machines 340</p> <p>25.9 Vaporizers 341</p> <p>25.10 Ventilators 342</p> <p>25.11 Laryngoscopes 342</p> <p>25.12 Endotracheal Tubes and Airway Devices 342</p> <p>25.13 Monitors 342</p> <p>25.14 Miscellaneous Items 345</p> <p>25.15 Summary 346</p> <p>References 346</p> <p><b>26 Equipment for Environmental Extremes and Field Techniques 349<br /></b><i>David Brunson and Kristen G. Cooley</i></p> <p>26.1 Environmental Extremes 349</p> <p>26.2 Temperature 349</p> <p>26.3 Atmospheric Pressure 351</p> <p>26.4 Drug Delivery Systems 352</p> <p>26.5 Monitoring Equipment 356</p> <p>26.6 Field Techniques 358</p> <p>26.7 Anesthesia for Situations with Limited Means 358</p> <p>26.8 Stress 362</p> <p>26.9 Summary 363</p> <p>References 363</p> <p><b>27 Equipment Checkout and Maintenance 365<br /></b><i>Molly Allen and Lesley Smith</i></p> <p>27.1 Introduction 365</p> <p>27.2 Daily Checks 365</p> <p>27.3 Other Equipment 373</p> <p>27.4 End of Case 373</p> <p>27.5 Preventative Maintenance 374</p> <p>References 374</p> <p><b>28 Equipment Cleaning and Sterilization 377<br /></b><i>Cristina de Miguel Garcia and Kristen G. Cooley</i></p> <p>28.1 Introduction 377</p> <p>28.2 The Decontamination Process 378</p> <p>28.3 Recommendations for Cleaning and Disinfecting Specific Items 384</p> <p>References 388</p> <p><b>29 Unique Species Considerations: Dogs and Cats 391<br /></b><i>Turi Aarnes</i></p> <p>29.1 Introduction 391</p> <p>29.2 Intubation 391</p> <p>29.3 Breathing System 392</p> <p>29.4 Monitoring 392</p> <p>29.3 Recovery 393</p> <p>29.6 Anesthetic Risk 393</p> <p>References 394</p> <p><b>30 Unique Species Considerations: Ruminants and Swine 395<br /></b><i>Denise Radkey, Lindsey Snyder, and Rebecca A. Johnson</i></p> <p>Part I: Ruminants 395</p> <p>30.1 Introduction 395</p> <p>30.2 Handling and Restraint 395</p> <p>30.3 IV Catheterization 396</p> <p>30.4 Induction Equipment 397</p> <p>30.5 Tracheal Insufflation and Demand Valves 403</p> <p>30.6 Padding and Positioning 404</p> <p>30.7 Monitoring Equipment 406</p> <p>30.8 Commercial Anesthetic Machines 408</p> <p>30.9 Anesthetic Circuit 408</p> <p>30.10 Anesthetic Recovery 409</p> <p>30.11 Summary 410</p> <p>Part II: Swine 410</p> <p>30.12 Introduction 410</p> <p>30.13 Handling and Restraint 410</p> <p>30.14 Intravenous Catheter Placement 411</p> <p>30.15 Induction Equipment 412</p> <p>30.16 Monitoring Equipment 414</p> <p>30.17 Anesthetic Circuit 415</p> <p>30.18 Anesthetic Recovery 416</p> <p>30.19 Summary 416</p> <p>References 416</p> <p><b>31 Unique Species Considerations: Equine 419<br /></b><i>Carolyn Kerr</i></p> <p>31.1 Introduction 419</p> <p>31.2 Sedation and Pre‐Anesthetic Period Considerations 419</p> <p>31.3 General Anesthesia 426</p> <p>31.4 Recovery Period 437</p> <p>31.5 Medical Records 437</p> <p>References 438</p> <p><b>32 Unique Species Considerations: Avian 441<br /></b><i>Carrie Schroeder</i></p> <p>32.1 Introduction 441</p> <p>32.2 Anesthetic Considerations 443</p> <p>32.3 Venous Access 445</p> <p>32.4 Anesthetic Monitors 446</p> <p>32.5 Anesthetic Circuits 447</p> <p>32.6 Maintenance of Body Temperature 448</p> <p>32.7 Anesthetic Recovery 448</p> <p>References 449</p> <p><b>33 Unique Species Considerations: Rabbits 451<br /></b><i>Katrina Lafferty</i></p> <p>33.1 Introduction 451</p> <p>33.2 Intubation 451</p> <p>33.3 Breathing Circuits 454</p> <p>33.4 Monitors 454</p> <p>33.5 Thermal Support 458</p> <p>33.6 Summary 458</p> <p>References 458</p> <p><b>34 Unique Species Considerations: Rodents 461<br /></b><i>Mario Arenillas Baquero and Rebecca A. Johnson</i></p> <p>34.1 Introduction 461</p> <p>34.2 Anesthetic Machines 461</p> <p>34.3 Anesthetic Induction Chambers 462</p> <p>34.4 Masks 464</p> <p>34.5 Endotracheal Intubation and Intubation Devices 466</p> <p>34.6 Ventilators 469</p> <p>34.7 Monitoring Equipment 469</p> <p>34.8 Warming Devices 473</p> <p>34.9 Summary 474</p> <p>References 474</p> <p><b>35 Unique Species Considerations: Fish and Amphibians 477<br /></b><i>Kurt Sladky</i></p> <p>35.1 Introduction 477</p> <p>35.2 Fish and Amphibian Anesthesia: Induction and Maintenance 477</p> <p>35.3 Anesthetic Monitoring 483</p> <p>References 486</p> <p><b>36 Unique Species Considerations: Reptiles 489<br /></b><i>Christoph Mans</i></p> <p>36.1 Introduction 489</p> <p>36.2 Anesthetic Induction 489</p> <p>36.3 Airway Intubation 489</p> <p>36.4 Anesthetic Monitoring 491</p> <p>36.5 Summary 495</p> <p>References 495</p> <p><b>37 Unique Species Considerations: Non‐Human Primates 497<br /></b><i>Stephen Cital</i></p> <p>37.1 General Anatomy 497</p> <p>37.2 Taxonomy 497</p> <p>37.3 Immobilizing Equipment 497</p> <p>37.4 Anesthetic Machines 497</p> <p>37.5 Monitors 498</p> <p>37.6 Summary 501</p> <p>References 502</p> <p>Index 503</p>
<p><i>"Veterinary Anesthetic and Monitoring Equipment</i> is a very nice compilation of anesthetic equipment–related topics.  The text is very easy to read and contains good explanations of concepts....complemented with good-quality photographs and diagrams accompanied by explanations…. I recommend this book for anyone who is learning about veterinary anesthesia or intends to perform anesthesia." <b>JAVMA, MAR 15, 2019, VOL 254, NO. 6</b></p>
<p><b>The Editors</b> <p><b>Kristen G. Cooley, BA, CVT, VTS (Anesthesia/Analgesia),</b> is an Instructional Specialist in the School of Veterinary Medicine at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. <p><b>Rebecca A. Johnson, DVM, PhD, DACVAA,</b> is a Clinical Associate Professor of Anesthesia and Pain Management in the Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
<p><b>Veterinary Anesthetic and Monitoring Equipment</b> <p><i>Veterinary Anesthetic and Monitoring Equipment</i> is the first veterinary-specific resource solely dedicated to anesthetic and monitoring equipment used in clinical practice. This illustrated patient-side guide focuses on general principles applicable to any brand of equipment, highlighting some newer technologies, and includes practical troubleshooting tips and tricks. The book helps clinicians to understand their equipment's functionality and to solve problems encountered in daily practice. <p>Emphasizing clinical applications, <i>Veterinary Anesthetic and Monitoring Equipment</i> covers gas supply and distribution, anesthesia machines, breathing systems, airway equipment, monitoring equipment, equipment in different environments, and equipment care. A section on unique species considerations includes dedicated chapters on dogs and cats, ruminants, horses, swine, birds, rabbits, rodents, fish and amphibians, reptiles, and primates. <ul> <li>Offers a practical guide to anesthetic and monitoring equipment commonly used in veterinary medicine</li> <li>Provides clinically oriented guidance to troubleshooting problems that may occur</li> <li>Discusses general principles applicable to any equipment found in the practice</li> <li>Presents information associated with novel anesthetic equipment and monitors</li> </ul> <p><i>Veterinary Anesthetic and Monitoring Equipment</i> is an essential reference for any veterinary clinician performing anesthesia, including veterinary specialists, clinicians, and veterinary technicians.

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