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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Title: Person-centred practice in nursing and health care : theory and practice / editors, Professor Brendan McCormack, Professor Tanya McCance.
Description: Second edition. | Chichester, West Sussex ; Ames, Iowa : John Wiley & Sons Inc., 2016. | Preceded by Person-centred nursing : theory and practice / Brendan McCormack, Tanya McCance. 2010. | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2016007088| ISBN 9781118990568 (pbk.) | ISBN 9781118990575 (Adobe PDF) | ISBN 9781118990582 (ePub)
We dedicate this book to our friends, colleagues, families and partners who supported us throughout. In particular we dedicate the work to Neil McCance (RIP) who sadly was unable to see a project he believed in so passionately come to fruition.
List of contributors
Barbara Bell
Chief Nurse Executive and Health Professions Officer
West Park Healthcare Centre, Toronto, Canada
Pauline Black
Lecturer in Nursing
School of Nursing, Ulster University, Northern Ireland, UK
Christine Boomer
Research Fellow
Ulster University/South Eastern Health and Social Care Trust, Northern Ireland, UK
Marit Borg
Professor, Faculty of Health Sciences
The University College of South-East Norway, Drammen, Norway
Catherine Buckley
Practice Development Lecturer
St. Luke's Home Education Centre, Cork, Republic of Ireland
Shannon Burke
Advanced Practice Nurse
West Park Healthcare Centre, Toronto, Canada
Shaun Cardiff
Lecturer and Programme Leader
Fontys University of Applied Sciences, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
Neal Cook
Reader in Nursing
School of Nursing, Ulster University, Northern Ireland, UK
Barbara Cowie
Advanced Practice Nurse
West Park Healthcare Centre, Toronto, Canada
Penney Deratnay
Advanced Practice Nurse
West Park Healthcare Centre, Toronto, Canada
Belinda Dewar
Professor of Practice Improvement
Institute of Care and Practice Improvement, University of the West of Scotland, Scotland, UK
Jan Dewing
Sue Pembrey Chair of Nursing and Director of The Centre for Person-centred Practice Research
School of Health Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
Caroline Dickson
Senior Lecturer
School of Health Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
Jon Glasby
Director of the Health Services Management Centre (HSMC) and Professor of Health and Social Care
University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
Karen Hammond
Practice Development Facilitator, Surgical Division
East Kent Hospitals University Foundation Trust, Kent, UK
Jennifer Haynes
Advanced Practice Nurse
West Park Healthcare Centre, Toronto, Canada
Nadine Janes
Adjunct Professor
Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Faculty of Community Services, Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada
Bengt Karlsson
Professor, Faculty of Health Sciences
The University College of South-East Norway, Drammen, Norway
Antonia Lannie
Lecturer
School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Dundee, Scotland, UK
Kim Manley
Professor, Practice Development Research and Innovation & Co-Director England Centre for Practice Development
Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, Kent, UK
Aisling McBride
PhD student
University of the West of Scotland
Hamilton, Scotland
Tanya McCance
Mona Grey Professor for Nursing R&D & Director of the Institute of Nursing & Health Research
Ulster University, Northern Ireland, UK
Brendan McCormack
Professor and Head of the Division of Nursing, School of Health Sciences
Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
Deirdre O'Donnell
Associate Head of School, School of Nursing
Ulster University, Northern Ireland, UK
Lorna Peelo-Kilroe
Strategic Project Office for Person-Centred Culture Development
Health Service Executive Office of Nursing and Midwifery Services Director and Quality Improvement Division
Dublin, Republic of Ireland
Annette Solman
Adjunct Professor
The University of Technology Sydney, Australia
Cathy Sharp
Director, Research for Real
Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
Angie Titchen
Honorary Professor, Faculty of Life and Health Sciences
Ulster University, Northern Ireland, UK
Famke van Lieshout
Lecturer and Programme Leader
Fontys University of Applied Sciences, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
Val Wilson
Professor of Nursing Research & Practice Development
Sydney Children's Hospitals Network and University of Technology Sydney, Australia
Foreword
It is an honour to write the Foreword of the second edition of Person-centred Practice in Nursing and Health Care: Theory and Practice, edited by Brendan McCormack and Tanya McCance. Person-centred care was mainly linked to nursing for many years, but in recent developments we have seen that most health-care professionals are embracing the concept and principles. The World Health Organization has adopted a global strategy on people-centred and integrated health services. The evidence suggests that people-centred and integrated services are essential components of building universal health coverage and can improve health status (WHO 2015)1. It is evident that person-centred care is the ideal approach to practice, and the framework presented by McCormack and McCance is a valuable tool to guide theory and practice. The essence of person-centred care is having compassion, and McCormack and McCance unpack the concept in Chapter 1 and continue to describe the principles in Chapter 2 and a Person-centred Framework in Chapter 3. This provides a sound foundation for chapters that follow.
Every one you meet is fighting a battle you know nothing about. Be kind. Always
Although person-centredness evolved around the person, of note is that the person can be an individual, a family or the community. Exploring and describing the concept from various contexts provides clarity on the broad applicability of person-centred care. But in order to be person-centred, the provision of health-care services needs to change in order to be more flexible to meet the person's needs in a manner that is best for them. As Carl Rogers eloquently states, ‘being listened to by someone who understands makes it possible for persons to listen more accurately to themselves, with greater empathy toward their own.’ Collaboration and a partnership on the care implies working with the individuals and their families to find the best available option in the provision of their care. This implies active involvement in the decision-making process about care. All of these elements are extensively covered throughout the book. In Chapters 4 to 8, person-centred care is described and how it relates to policy, nursing strategy and policy, leadership, nursing education and research. To note is that in Chapter 6 Shaun Cardiff unpacks the impact of person-centred care from a leadership perspective, focusing on the contextual domain – what is true in one context may not be the case for another – and links the context to an organisational culture. A quote from the work of Peter Drucker speaks specifically to this aspect: ‘no institution can possibly survive if it needs geniuses or supermen to manage it. It must be organized in such a way as to be able to get along under a leadership composed of average human beings.’ Average human beings can be the champions of spreading the word on person-centred care. In Chapter 9, Kim Manley adds a critical voice – one from practice – and in Chapter 11 Angie Titchen and Karen Hammond provide valuable insights on how to help practitioners to flourish.
The body of evidence is on the increase, demonstrating that person-centred care positively influences the quality of care delivered and improves patient outcomes. It is therefore of significance to get a depiction of how person-centred care can be operationalised in different populations. The book makes a meaningful contribution in this area. Chapter 13 focuses on the older person and residential long-term facilities, Chapter 14 on children, Chapter 15 on acute care, Chapter 16 on mental health, Chapter 17 on complex continuing care, Chapter 18 on community care and Chapter 19 on palliative care. Indeed, a comprehensive encounter of application of person-centred care.
In Chapter 20 the editors conclude with an insightful reflection and represent the person-centred framework. It is refreshing to read the critical thoughts on their body of work, and it gives direction to the use of the framework for the future. The authors have set themselves a goal with the book … that the book should be a journey. Indeed, this book is a journey, and I hope that each reader and user of this book will join in the journey to deliver person-centred care to improve the health of the world's population.
Professor Dr Hester Klopper Immediate President of Sigma Theta Tau International (2013–15)
Acknowledgements
As the little prince dropped off to sleep, I took him in my arms and set out walking once more. I felt deeply moved, and stirred. It seemed to me, even, that there was nothing more fragile on all the Earth. In the moonlight I looked at his pale forehead, his closed eyes, his locks of hair that trembled in the wind, and I said to myself: 'What I see here is nothing but a shell. What is most important is invisible…
The Little Prince, Antoine de Saint-Exupéry
The ‘invisible’ elements of person-centredness and person-centred practice represent the deepest parts of our humanity and are often the less-tangible components of person-centred health care. It is these elements that have always interested us as practitioners, educators and researchers. We have been colleagues and friends on this journey of discovery for over 15 years, and each step we take leads us into new and interesting pastures – we each acknowledge that ‘just when we think we have got it [person-centredness] we lose it again’! New questions and new insights challenge our existing understandings and take us on new journeys of discovery – to us, that is the joy of person-centredness and being a person-centred researcher.
We have not been alone in this experience and there are many people who have helped and encouraged us along the way; to these people we are eternally grateful – you know who you are and we thank you sincerely for your support, friendship, colleagueship, challenge and generosity. In particular we would like to thank Neil, Mark and Melissa (and their grandparents), Lorna, Michael, Aideen and Fionn for the love, support, encouragement and care you have shown to us in making this project happen and seeing it to fruition. We are grateful for the conditions you provided in enabling our writing and hopeful that you will forgive us for the lost hours away from you!
We are particularly grateful to all the authors who have contributed chapters to this edition. Since the original publication, Person-Centred Nursing: Theory and Practice, we have seen a burgeoning of work in this field and the globalisation of our Person-centred Nursing Framework, so that now we are genuinely able to write about it as a Person-centred Nursing Framework – used by a variety of nurses and other health-care practitioners in a variety of contexts around the world. A lot of this activity is reflected in the chapters of this book and we are very excited by it. We thank all these contributors for their commitment, dedication, passion and creativity – we have learned a lot from you.
Finally we would like to thank our colleagues at John Wiley & Sons, Ltd for encouraging us along the way and forgiving the missed deadlines. Your confidence in us has helped us stay the course.
