Cover Page

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Edited by Farid Chemat and Jochen Strube

Green Extraction of Natural Products

Theory and Practice

 

 

 

 

 

Title Page

Preface

Green extraction of natural products is a new concept that meets the challenges of the twenty-first century, protecting both environment and consumers and, at the same time, enhancing competitiveness of industries by becoming more ecologic, economic, and innovative and thereby sustainable. It is based on the discovery and designs of extraction processes which reduce energy consumption, allow use of alternative solvents and renewable natural products, and ensure a safe and high quality extract and final product. Within the green extraction approach, the concept of a “green extract” is introduced. This is an extract obtained by following processes that have the lowest possible impact on the environment (less energy and solvent consumption, etc.), and whose eventual recycling is planned for from the beginning (coproducts, biodegradability, etc.). This green extract should be the result of a whole chain of values in both senses of the term: economic and responsible, starting from production and harvesting of the plant, the transformation processes – not only solid–liquid extraction but also separation and purification – together with formulation and marketing.

This book is an attempt to advance practical objectives of “green extraction of natural products.” The book has been made possible due to the collaboration between “Dechema ProcessNet – Germany” and “France Eco Extraction” associations but also because of the critical mass of international research and industrial teams who have contributed to establish a series of methodological and technological tools in the field of extraction of natural products to prevent and reduce petroleum solvents, fossil energy, and chemical wastes and hazards in extraction as a process including preparation of starting materials, drying, grinding, solid–liquid extraction, liquid–liquid extraction, separation, purification, formulation, until final packaging. Part of the contents are based on the significant amounts of materials accumulated from a Dechema training course on phytochemical process development and production held several times over the past years at the TU Clausthal with lecturers from industry and academia, some of who have contributed to this book.

This book attempts to summarize current knowledge on green extraction of natural products in terms of innovative processes, methods, alternative solvents, and product safety. It provides necessary theoretical background and details about green extraction with regard to techniques, mechanisms, protocols, industrial applications, safety precautions, and environmental impacts. This book is targeted at industry professionals as well as academicians engaged in separation and extraction engineering or natural product chemistry research, and graduate-level students. Each chapter would be complementary to other chapters and based on presentations by the reputed international researchers and professionals, addressing the latest efforts in the field.

We are convinced that this book will make a useful contribution toward the collection of accumulated knowledge in one place, and is the starting point for future collaborations in this new area of “green extraction of natural products” between research, industry, and education, covering a wide range of relevant applications: perfume, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, food ingredients, nutraceuticals, biofuel, and fine chemicals industries.

January 2015

Farid Chemat
Avignon University, INRA, France
Jochen Strube
Clausthal University of Technology, Germany

List of Contributors

  1. Karim Allaf
  2. University of La Rochelle
  3. CNRS
  4. Transfer Phenomena and Instantaneity in Agro-Industry and Building
  5. Laboratory of Engineering Science for Environment (LaSIE FRE 3474)
  6. La Rochelle, Cedex 01
  7. France

 

  1. Tamara Allaf
  2. ABCAR-DIC Process
  3. BP12053
  4. 17010 La Rochelle, Cedex 01
  5. France

 

  1. Antoine Bily
  2. ORTESA
  3. LabCom Naturex-Avignon University
  4. Avignon, Cedex 9
  5. France
  6.  
  7. and
  8.  
  9. Naturex
  10. rue Pierre Bayle
  11. BP 81218
  12. Avignon, Cedex 9
  13. France

 

  1. Simon Both
  2. Clausthal University of Technology
  3. Institute for Separation and Process Technology
  4. Leibnizstraße 15
  5. Clausthal-Zellerfeld
  6. Germany

 

  1. Farid Chemat
  2. Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse
  3. INRA, UMR 408
  4. GREEN Extraction Team
  5. Avignon
  6. France
  7.  
  8. and
  9.  
  10. ORTESA
  11. LabCom Naturex-Avignon University
  12. Avignon, Cedex 9
  13. France

 

  1. Giancarlo Cravatto
  2. Università di Torino
  3. Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco
  4. Torino
  5. Italy

 

  1. Reinhard Ditz
  2. Clausthal University of Technology
  3. Institute for Separation and Process Technology
  4. Leibnizstraße 15
  5. Clausthal-Zellerfeld
  6. Germany

 

  1. Anne-Sylvie Fabiano-Tixier
  2. Avignon University
  3. INRA
  4. UMR408
  5. GREEN Team Extraction
  6. Rue Louis Pasteur 33
  7. Avignon, Cedex 1
  8. France
  9.  
  10. and
  11.  
  12. ORTESA
  13. LabCom Naturex-Avignon University
  14. Avignon, Cedex 1
  15. France

 

  1. Hansjoerg Hagels
  2. Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG
  3. LPS Germany
  4. Department of SCM and Engineering
  5. Phyto Center
  6. Binger Straße 173/ HPZ 6425-EG-00
  7. Ingelheim am Rhein
  8. Germany

 

  1. Urban Jenelten
  2. Firmenich S.A.
  3. Route des Jeunes
  4. Genève 8
  5. Switzerland

 

  1. Iraj Koudous
  2. Clausthal University of Technology
  3. Institute for Separation and Process Technology
  4. Leibnizstraße 15
  5. Clausthal-Zellerfeld
  6. Germany

 

  1. Werner Kunz
  2. University of Regensburg
  3. Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
  4. Universitätsstraße 31
  5. Regensburg
  6. Germany

 

  1. Alexei A. Lapkin
  2. University of Cambridge
  3. Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
  4. New Museum Site
  5. Cambridge CB2 3RA
  6. UK

 

  1. Nikolai Lebovka
  2. Université de Technologie de Compiègne
  3. Groupe Technologies Agro-Industriels
  4. EA 4297
  5. Département Génie des Procédés
  6. BP 20529
  7. Compiègne, Cedex
  8. France
  9.  
  10. and
  11.  
  12. NAS of Ukraine
  13. Institute of Biocolloidal Chemistry named after F. D. Ovcharenko
  14. 42, Boulevard Vernadskogo
  15. Kyiv
  16. Ukraine

 

  1. Carlos A. Ledesma-Escobar
  2. University of Córdoba
  3. Department of Analytical Chemistry
  4. Annex Marie Curie Building
  5. Campus of Rabanales
  6. Córdoba
  7. Spain
  8.  
  9. and
  10.  
  11. University of Córdoba Agroalimentary Excellence Campus ceiA3
  12. University of Córdoba
  13. Reina Sofía University Hospital
  14. Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research (IMIBIC)
  15. Córdoba
  16. Spain
  17.  
  18. and
  19.  
  20. Technological Institute of Veracruz
  21. Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Department
  22. Av Miguel Angel de Quevedo 2779
  23. Veracruz Ver. 91897
  24. México

 

  1. María D. Luque de Castro
  2. University of Córdoba
  3. Department of Analytical Chemistry
  4. Annex Marie Curie Building
  5. Campus of Rabanales
  6. Córdoba
  7. Spain
  8.  
  9. and
  10.  
  11. University of Córdoba Agroalimentary Excellence Campus ceiA3
  12. Reina Sofía University Hospital
  13. Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research (IMIBIC)
  14. Córdoba
  15. Spain

 

  1. Mustafa Zafer Özel
  2. University of York
  3. Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence
  4. Department of Chemistry
  5. York YO10 5DD
  6. UK

 

  1. Sandrine Périno
  2. Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse
  3. INRA, UMR 408
  4. Green Extraction Team
  5. Avignon
  6. France

 

  1. Loïc Petigny
  2. Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse
  3. INRA, UMR 408
  4. Green Extraction Team
  5. Avignon
  6. France
  7.  
  8. and
  9.  
  10. BASF
  11. Beauty Care Solutions France
  12. Lyon
  13. France

 

  1. Jean T. Pierson
  2. Naturex
  3. 250 rue Pierre Bayle
  4. BP 81218
  5. Avignon, Cedex 9
  6. France

 

  1. Natacha Rombaut
  2. Avignon University
  3. INRA
  4. UMR408
  5. GREEN Team Extraction
  6. Rue Louis Pasteur 33
  7. Avignon, Cedex 1
  8. France
  9.  
  10. and
  11.  
  12. ORTESA
  13. LabCom Naturex-Avignon University
  14. Avignon, Cedex 9
  15. France

 

  1. Jochen Strube
  2. Firmenich Clausthal University of Technology
  3. Institute for Separation and Process Technology
  4. Leibnizstraße 15
  5. Clausthal-Zellerfeld
  6. Germany

 

  1. Martin Tegtmeier
  2. Schaper & Brümmer GmbH & Co. KG
  3. Bahnhofstraße 35
  4. Salzgitter
  5. Germany

 

  1. Eugene Vorobiev
  2. Université de Technologie de Compiègne
  3. Groupe Technologies Agro-Industriels
  4. EA 4297
  5. Département Génie des Procédés
  6. BP 20529
  7. Compiègne, Cedex
  8. France

 

  1. Joël Wajsman
  2. BASF
  3. Beauty Care Solutions France
  4. Lyon
  5. France