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About the Authors
Lisa DaNae Dayley has been working with Photoshop for 18 years and is still constantly amazed at the cool stuff it can do! With a degree in Advertising from Brigham Young University, DaNae has owned and operated a media creation business for 19 years, incorporating writing, graphic design, and video editing over the years. She also enjoys teaching Photoshop classes locally. She has co-authored several books with her husband Brad and is the author of Photoshop CS3 Extended Video and 3D Bible and Roxio Easy Media Creator 8 in a Snap. DaNae lives in Utah with Brad and their four sons. When she is not at her computer, she can be found in the great outdoors (with a camera), preferably in a Jeep!
Brad Dayley is a senior software engineer with almost 25 years of experience creating computer software. He has been working with Photoshop for 23 years, enjoying the transition of Photoshop from a simple image editor to the powerhouse it is today. He is also the author of several books on a wide variety of topics. He is an avid amateur photographer and spends most of his free time in the remote areas of the western United States with his wife DaNae and four sons (wherever a Jeep can get them).
Brad
For D, A, & F!
DaNae
As always, to Brad, my hero, my biggest fan, my best friend.
Always and Forever.
Acknowledgments
Our sincere gratitude goes out to the following people without whom this book could not have happened:
Our wonderful boys who, once again, sacrificed time with their mom and dad and took on extra chores so that we could have fun with our favorite hobby: playing with Photoshop and teaching others to love it as much as we do.
To our editors who made the book readable and technically accurate and kept us on track: you really rock. Thanks to Stephanie McComb for getting things rolling. Thanks to Carol Kessel for her inspiration, as well as for keeping us on track and keeping the project moving in the right direction. Thanks to Jade Williams, whose tireless efforts to create a polished end product are much appreciated; we also thank her for her patience when we brutalized the English language. Thanks to Marylouise Wiack for her ability to make the book coherent and enjoyable to read. And thanks to Dennis Cohen for using his technical expertise to watch our back and improve the quality of the book. We appreciated the fresh perspective and Mac point of view; it helped us out on many occasions. Also, thanks to the entire staff at Wiley, who were very professional in helping get this project out the door.
Introduction
Welcome to the Photoshop CC Bible, the latest edition of the bestselling reference guide on Photoshop in publishing history. Now in its 18th year, the Photoshop Bible is the longest continuously published title on Adobe Photoshop. With numerous U.S. editions, dozens of localized translations around the globe, and hundreds of thousands of copies in print worldwide, the Photoshop Bible has become a must-have for Photoshop users everywhere.
We have done our very best to accurately and directly address the vast majority of functionality, features, tools, and techniques wrapped up in your Photoshop package. As you may notice throughout the book, we love Photoshop and like to tell you about the great features it has to offer. You may also notice that when something doesn't work well or is awkward, we don't hesitate to let you know. Our intent is to give you the best experience using Photoshop.
Is This Book for You?
Photoshop tends to collect users from a variety of backgrounds. From casual users just playing around to graphic designers creating professional materials to digital artists creating fantastic artwork to medical technicians analyzing patient images, Photoshop has something for everyone. In fact, there really isn't one specific group that you could call average Photoshop users.
With that in mind, the Photoshop CC Bible is designed to provide enough information so experienced users can get more out of Photoshop, and users with little or no experience with Photoshop can quickly pick up on its interface and become experts in no time. We also discuss advanced techniques and add step-by-step examples to the more complex editing concepts. Although the book is large, most of the sections are self-contained, so experienced users can simply look up tools when they need help.
This book is really designed to be a desktop reference, but it offers more than just a quick description of the tools and features. We have incorporated examples designed to guide you through various techniques, provide our experience in tips and suggestions, and try to give you a jumpstart on how to leverage the features in Photoshop.
The specific purpose of this book is to provide you with the expertise you need to get the very best results. So sit back, load up Photoshop, and enjoy the ride!
How This Book Is Organized
This book is divided into ten parts with an accompanying website.
Part I: Getting Started with Adobe Photoshop CC
In Part I, we introduce Photoshop and familiarize you with the basic Photoshop workspace. We introduce you to the basics of file formats as well as opening, saving, and resizing images in Photoshop. We discuss the basics of color as it relates to images, and how to use the Photoshop tools to modify the color composition of an image. Then we show you how to use the History and Actions panels in your workflow as you begin editing images. Finally, we introduce you to Adobe Bridge, a separate application that allows you to organize and process your images.
Part II: Working with Camera Raw Images
In Part II, we discuss the basics of Camera Raw images, and how to use the Adobe Camera Raw interface to edit images before opening them in Photoshop. The purpose of this part is to familiarize you with Camera Raw image editing so you can incorporate it into your editing workflow.
Part III: Working with Selections, Layers, and Channels
In Part III, we discuss the various ways to create selections in Photoshop. We also cover the Layers panel, and how to use it for non-destructive editing. Then we cover using the Channels panel to edit and use individual color channels in an image. Selections, layers, and channels are basic features that you need in most of your editing workflow.
Part IV: Enhancing, Correcting, and Retouching Images
In Part IV, we discuss the workflow, tools, and techniques that you can use to enhance, correct, and retouch your images. This part covers the Photoshop features that you can use to make color and lighting adjustments to photos, as well as to restore damaged images.
Part V: Using Paint, Paths, Shapes, and Text Tools
In Part V, we discuss the tools used to create images. Specifically, we discuss using the Paint tools to use brushstrokes to add color, textures, and adjustments to images. Then we discuss using the path tools to create vector shapes. Finally, we discuss adding text elements to images.
Part VI: Creating Artistic Effects
In Part VI, we cover using some of the tools in Photoshop to apply artistic effects to images. You can use these chapters to learn how to distort and warp parts of an image, apply a variety of filters, and combine elements from multiple images.
Part VII: Working with 3-D Images
In Part VII, we cover using the 3-D capabilities in Photoshop to create, modify, and enhance 3-D objects.
Part VIII: Working with Video and Animation
In Part VIII, we cover using the Animation panel and several other tools and techniques to make enhancements and corrections to video with Photoshop. These chapters discuss various editing concepts and techniques that allow you to use the Photoshop editing features when editing your videos. You will also learn how to use the Animation panel to animate images.
Part IX: Using Advanced Output Techniques
In Part IX, we cover the tools and techniques you use to output images using Photoshop, from printing and color management to preparing images for the web. We also discuss using the Photoshop batch processing and scripting capabilities to save a lot of time in your editing workflow.
Part X: Appendixes
We provide appendixes for information that doesn't fit elsewhere in the book but that we wanted to share with you. You will find tables with the most commonly used keyboard shortcuts, instructions on how to use plug-ins to add functionality to Photoshop, and a list of web resources that you can use to get more information about Photoshop and download cool stuff.
How to Use This Book
Although this book is designed for a linear, cover-to-cover read, we wanted to make it easy for you to pick and choose what areas of Photoshop you want to learn. For the most part, each chapter is self-contained. If you are new to Photoshop, take some time to look at Chapters 1 through 6 to familiarize yourself with the environment and digital editing concepts. If a chapter relies on information from another chapter, we mention that in the chapter introduction or by using a Cross-Reference note. If you want to know more about a particular workflow in Photoshop, such as color correction or adding text, use the table of contents to find the chapter, and read it thoroughly to learn all about the different tools and features you can use.
Using this book as a reference
This book is organized as a reference that you can use whenever you are having difficulties, or when you are ready to start a new topic. Each chapter covers a topic, making it easy for you to find what you are looking for in the book. We have tried to pack in as much of the Photoshop functionality and features as possible, so you can look up items in the index and read the sections in which we discuss them.
Making the most of the book's website
One of the most important aspects of digital images is color. Unfortunately, the images in this book are in grayscale except for those in the color insert. We have included several of the figures and projects on the website. The examples on the website enable you to see what the images look like in full color as well as practice the tasks described in the book. You should download the example projects from the book's website and use them when available.
Some of the items on the website are JPEG images, some are PSD projects, some are AVI files, and many of them have layers and objects available for you to modify. You can access this book's website at www.wiley.com/go/photoshopccbible.
Throughout the book, you will see the On the Web icon noting which figures are available on the website at www.wiley.com/go/photoshopccbible. Each note includes a filename that you can use to download the item and try the concepts out for yourself.
Icons Used in This Book
This book uses icons to indicate noteworthy points. While the icons are generally self-explanatory, here is what each of them indicates:
Cross-references refer you to a related topic elsewhere in the book. Because you may not read this book straight through from cover to cover, you can use cross-references to quickly find just the information you need.
Contacting the Authors
We would love to hear from you! Contact us at www.DayleyCreations.com.
Part I:Getting Started with Adobe Photoshop CC
IN THIS PART
Chapter 1 Introducing Adobe Photoshop CC
Chapter 2 Exploring the Photoshop Workspace
Chapter 3 Performing Image Basics
Chapter 4 Understanding Colors, Histograms, Levels, and Curves
Chapter 5 Applying History and Actions
Chapter 6 Using Bridge to Organize and Process Files
Chapter 1: Introducing Adobe Photoshop CC
In This Chapter
Getting acquainted with Photoshop CC
Benefitting from Photoshop CC
Exploring the new features of Photoshop CC
If you are reading this book, you likely have access to one of the most intricate and extensive software applications available. Don't let that discourage you, though. Adobe Photoshop is also a powerful and extremely fun application to use. With throngs of fans all over the globe, over the years, Photoshop has become the pinnacle software application for image editing. In fact, if you look up Photoshop at www.wiktionary.org, you will find the term photoshop listed as a verb meaning, “to digitally edit or alter a picture or photograph.”
Photoshop draws such a big crowd because it provides amazing results when you are editing images and yet is fairly intuitive to use such that even casual users can get pretty good results without much effort. In addition, as digital imaging has advanced over the years, Photoshop has kept pace and even led the advancements in many areas.
The chapter introduces Photoshop CC, shows you when to use it, and discusses the new features that have been added since version CS6. Chapter 2 dives into the details of the Photoshop application workspace.
Discovering the Versatile World of Photoshop
The simplest description of Photoshop is “a digital image-editing application.” Photoshop provides the standard color- and lighting-correction capabilities historically associated with photo editing, but it also provides filtering, painting, masking, layering, and many more tools that allow you to take image editing to the next level.
The following sections discuss how Photoshop interacts with the Creative Cloud, as well as how you can use Photoshop on its own and with other applications. The purpose of these chapters is to give you a glimpse of what Photoshop is used for before showing you how to use it. Of course, the only real way to understand the capabilities of Photoshop is to delve into them as you follow along with the next 30 chapters in this book.
Introducing Photoshop Creative Cloud Interaction
The CC in Photoshop CC stands for Creative Cloud. The Adobe Creative Cloud is an online service that provides file storage, application access, and several other developing features. With Photoshop CC, Adobe has moved away from a traditional software package such as the Creative Suite and into a subscription-based method where you subscribe for monthly access to the creative applications.
Many people are asking the question, “So what does the Creative Cloud really mean for a Photoshop user?” It is really not all that complicated. The Creative Cloud has some advantages and one big disadvantage. One disadvantage is that you can no longer buy a Photoshop license and have the software indefinitely. Another disadvantage is the functionality such as syncing settings to the cloud is impeded if you don't have an Internet connection. Also, for continued access to the software, you will need to keep up a subscription to the Creative Cloud.
The advantages of the Creative Cloud and the interaction points with Photoshop are broken down into the following list:
Installation. Rather than getting a license with a set of DVDs in a box, you subscribe to the Creative Cloud, which allows you to download and install the application. During the installation, you need to be logged into the Creative Cloud to validate your subscription.
Signing in and out. Selecting HelpSign In logs you into your Creative Cloud account. This enables you to synchronize your settings between computers and store files in your Creative Cloud account. Selecting HelpSign Out logs you out of the Creative Cloud, which is extremely useful if you are sharing the computer with someone else because they can then log into their own account to synchronize settings and files.
Synchronizing settings. Photoshop allows you to synchronize settings and other data such as preferences, swatches, shapes, patterns, tool presets, and brushes to and from your Creative Cloud account. I love this feature because it means I don't have to set everything up again if I move to a new computer or have to re-install Photoshop. Photoshop allows you to synchronize the settings by selecting Edit ➪ Sync SettingsSync Settings Now from the main menu or from an icon in the bottom frame of the document window. You can also configure which settings should be synchronized in the Preferences dialog box, which we discuss in Chapter 2.
Online storage. Adobe provides online storage with your Creative Cloud account. This allows you to upload project files you are working on or have completed to an online location that you can access from anywhere.
Sharing files on Behance. Behance is an online portfolio platform that allows creative professionals to showcase their work. It encompasses much more than just Photoshop files because it covers photography, graphic design, illustration, and fashion design. You can set up an account on Behance that provides a portfolio location to showcase your Photoshop work. Then you can upload your final files to be shared on Behance by selecting FileShare on Behance from the main menu in Photoshop or from the Creative Cloud file storage interface.
Knowing when to use Photoshop
Photoshop has so many tools and so much power that it can do an unlimited number of things. The following list describes the most common tasks for which Photoshop is used to help you get an idea of when you may want to use it:
Photo corrections. Photoshop is able to correct digital images by restoring the original color and lighting, as well as to correct problems introduced by camera lenses. We cover these Photoshop features in Chapter 13.
Photo enhancements. Photoshop also provides tools that allow you to enhance photos. For example, you can add a blur to soften a portrait or use a sharpening filter to remove camera jitter. Photoshop is also great at fixing scratches and dust marks on older images. We discuss these concepts in Chapters 14 and 15.
Photo compositions. One of the strengths of Photoshop is the ability to combine multiple images to create a single image or composition. A common use of Photoshop is to take a headshot from one image and place it into another image. Photoshop also enables you to merge photos that were taken at different horizontal angles, from the same spot, and then turn them into a single panoramic image. We discuss photo compositions in Chapter 21.
Artistic effects. One of the most enjoyable features of Photoshop is the ability to use different filters and warping tools to apply artistic effects to images. The combination of numerous tools and filters in Photoshop means that the only limitation you have when adding artistic effects is your own creativity. We cover the tools used for artistic effects in Chapters 19 and 20.
Painting. Photoshop has always been a good painting application, but with the addition of the wet brush capability in CS5 as well as erodible and airbrush tips in CS6, Photoshop is now one of the best applications available to create digital paintings. What puts Photoshop ahead of the competition is that many powerful features, such as layers and masks, are also available for use with the painting tools. In addition, the painting brushes are integrated into many of the other tools in Photoshop. Chapter 16 discusses the painting tools.
Creating vector artwork. Photoshop is also an excellent application to use when creating vector artwork. The path tools allow you to quickly create and manipulate vector artwork, and add vector artwork to raster images. We discuss vector artwork, including vector text, in Chapters 17 and 18.
Adding text to images. Photoshop provides tools that allow you to add text to images. You can resize, warp, and adjust the text to create some stunning visual effects. Chapter 18 discusses adding text elements to images.
Creating web images. Another area where Photoshop excels is in preparing images for the web. Photoshop provides utilities that allow you to quickly format images with the appropriate size, file format, and colors for use in web pages. Photoshop also provides some tools you can use to slice an image into clickable sections and provides the HTML code necessary to use the slices in a web page. We discuss outputting to the web in Chapter 30.
Print preparation. Photoshop is often used to prepare images for printing by converting the color mode to CMYK, adding spot colors, and creating color separations. We cover these topics in Chapters 11 and 29.
Creating 3D objects. The 3D tools in Photoshop just get better and better. Photoshop has the capability to create and manipulate 3D objects so you can incorporate them into 2-D images or video. We cover the 3D capabilities of Photoshop in Chapters 22, 23, and 24.
Adding textures to 3D objects. Photoshop has a big advantage over other 3D applications when applying textures to 3D objects. With the Photoshop filter and painting capabilities, you can edit the textures of your 3D objects in ways that you may not have thought possible. Chapter 23 discusses creating and enhancing 3D textures.
Video corrections. Using the color, lighting, and filter effects of Photoshop, you can quickly apply corrections to video and even add some artistic effects. Chapter 27 discusses applying corrections and effects to video files.
Animating images. Another fun feature of Photoshop is the ability to add animation to your images. Animated images can give life to web pages and allow you to create short animated movies. Chapter 28 discusses animating images.
Understanding the limitations of Photoshop
Believe it or not, Photoshop is not designed to do everything. Photoshop is not designed to function as a word processor like Microsoft Word, to create charts and graphics in presentations like Microsoft PowerPoint, or to lay out brochures, magazines, or books like Adobe InDesign.
For the following tasks, you would use another application:
Word processing. Most word processing applications, such as Word, allow you to add images to documents created with those programs, and although Photoshop supports adding text to images, it doesn't support text editing well and can't handle text flowing from one page to another. You should use Photoshop to work with the images and then import them into the word processing application.
Business graphics. Photoshop doesn't do charts and presentations very well, but you can create great images in Photoshop and then use them in business applications such as Microsoft Excel or PowerPoint.
Page layout. Applications such as InDesign are much more adept at laying out brochures, flyers, and documents that are mostly text-based. You should create the images in Photoshop and then import them into the layout application.
Vector art. Although Photoshop has a lot of capability when it comes to creating vector paths, Adobe Illustrator is a much better application for working with clipart and designing advertisements, flyers, and one-page layouts that have multiple vector objects.
Looking at What's New in Photoshop CC
In addition to integration with the Creative Cloud, Adobe has added several great new features to Photoshop CC that make tools easier to use, extend capabilities, and add a lot of justification for subscribing. We discuss these new changes throughout the book. The purpose of this section is to describe the biggest changes and let you know where in the book you can find more information about the following new features:
Creative Cloud interactions. Photoshop is now integrated with Adobe Creative Cloud, allowing it to interact with other design programs in the Creative Cloud. Another major benefit of Creative Cloud interactions is it is easy to synchronize settings as well as store and showcase your Photoshop work online. Figure 1.1 shows the interaction among Photoshop, the Creative Cloud, and Behance.
Performance enhancements. Photoshop has added several performance enhancements to 3D rendering, filtering, and various other features to provide faster rendering and more responsive tools.
Expanded camera and lens support. Adobe continues to update Camera Raw and Photoshop to support new cameras and lenses.
Retina display support. Camera Raw supports the Apple Retina users giving the image display better resolution. Retina users can easily jump to 200-percent zoom by pressing while double-clicking the Zoom tool. You can zoom all documents to 200 percent by pressing Shift+ while double-clicking the Zoom tool.
JPEG support. Photoshop CC now supports opening and saving JPEG documents up to 65,535 pixels in width or height, more than double the 30,000 pixels in previous versions.
Conditional actions. A new feature in the Actions panel enables you to apply actions based on certain conditions such as document orientation, color mode, or layer settings. Figure 1.2 shows the new Conditional Action dialog box, which we discuss in Chapter 5.
Camera shake reduction. Photoshop CC provides a new specialized filter for removing camera shake from images. The Shake Reduction filter, shown in Figure 1.3, allows you to easily and effectively remove camera-shake blur from images. Photoshop allows you to define regions in which it can evaluate and correct blurriness. We discuss this tool in more detail in Chapter 14.
Camera Raw filter. The new Camera Raw filter enables you to perform Camera Raw adjustments on images that are not in a Camera Raw format, as shown in Figure 1.4. It does not replace Camera Raw for files that are in a Raw format; however, it does provide a great interface that allows you to perform a variety of adjustments all at once. For more information on the Camera Raw filter, see Chapter 13. For more information on the Camera Raw tools available in the Camera Raw filter, see Chapter 8.
Camera Raw Radial filter. Adobe Camera Raw has added a new filter called the Radial filter. The Radial filter applies adjustments to a region of an image in an elliptical shape. Setting the feathering allows you to soften the adjustment around the edges of the ellipse. We discuss the Camera Raw Radial filter, shown in Figure 1.5, in detail in Chapter 8.
Blur Gallery supports Smart Object layers. A great new feature in the Blur Gallery is that it now supports Smart Object layers. This allows you to apply Blur Gallery filters in a non-destructive way. The Blur Gallery adjustments can be turned on and off just like any other Smart Object adjustment. We discuss the Blur Gallery filters in Chapter 14.
Default type styles. If you add a lot of text to your Photoshop images, you will love the new Default Type Styles feature. The styles for paragraphs and characters that you define in Photoshop CC can be saved as the default settings. Any new document that you open in Photoshop automatically uses the default settings. You can also apply the default settings to existing documents. We discuss type styles in detail in Chapter 18.
Multiple path selection. Finally! If you have ever worked with vector paths in Photoshop, you probably hated the fact that you have only been able to apply stroke, fill, mask, and other path operations to a single path. That meant that you had to either join multiple paths together into a single path first or apply the path operation one path at a time.
In Photoshop CC, the Paths panel has been updated to work with multiple paths. Pressing Shift+Ctrl/Shift+ when selecting paths in the Paths panel selects multiple paths just as in the Layers panel with a multiple-layer selection. You can delete, duplicate, and re-order multiple selected paths. You can also press Alt/Option while dragging with the mouse to duplicate one or more paths in the Paths panel. We discuss vector paths in Chapter 17.
Copy to CSS. The new Copy CSS feature allows you to generate CSS code from text and vector shape layers. The Copy CSS feature captures size, location, fill color, gradient, stroke color, and even drop shadow information using layer styles. For text layers, it also captures font family, font size, font weight, line height, underline, strikethrough, superscript, subscript, and text alignment information. You can use the Copy CSS feature by selecting LayerCopy CSS from the main menu, as we discuss in Chapter 30.
Read swatches from HTML. The Swatches panel now allows you to load a swatch directly from a CSS or HTML file. This allows you to automatically generate a swatch that is compatible with a webpage or website that you are creating image elements for. We discuss this new feature in Chapter 30.
Isolation mode layer filtering. The Layers panel now includes a filter option that allows you to filter the active selected layers in a document to a specific subset of the layers. All other layers are visible, but tool changes are restricted to just the filtered layers. You can filter on layer type, effect, name, mode, attribute, color, and whether the layer is selected. We discuss the Layers menu in Chapter 10.
System and System Gray rendering. Photoshop now includes two new rendering options to increase performance and results. The System option is similar to subpixel rendered text, while System Gray is similar to old non-subpixel rendered (monochrome) text. For example, in OS X, when “System” is selected, you see extra stroke thickness for glyphs with un-hinted text. These new options use OS APIs to stroke the glyph instead of the Adobe Type Engine, providing better accuracy when rendering the text in popular browsers like Safari and Internet Explorer.
Image upscaling. Photoshop CC includes a new algorithm that better preserves the crispness of edges when increasing the size of images. We discuss resizing images in Chapter 3.
3D Live Painting. The new performance enhancements in the 3D engine have enabled Adobe to provide a much better method to paint on 3D objects. This new method, called 3D Live Painting, involves opening the 3D document as well as the Texture view. As you apply brush strokes to the texture view, Photoshop also updates the 3D document live. This allows you to see each paint stroke in both views as you drag the paintbrush tool. We discuss 3D Live Painting, featured in Figure 1.6, in Chapter 24.
Summary
This chapter introduced Photoshop CC by discussing the general uses of Photoshop and the new interaction with the Creative Cloud. You can use Photoshop for a variety of purposes, from photo editing to digital art to adding artistic effects.
In this chapter, you learned that
Photoshop can be used to edit, enhance, and create images in several ways
Photoshop CC provides interaction with the Adobe Creative Cloud that allows you to store files online, synchronize settings between computers, and showcase your work on Behance
Adobe has added new features such as the Camera Raw filter, Live 3D painting, shake reduction, and much more to increase your editing capabilities