Table of Contents
Cover
Title Page
Copyright
Preface
Volume 1
Part I: Biopharmaceuticals
Chapter 1: Analogs and Antagonists of Male Sex Hormones
1 Introduction
2 Historical
3 Endogenous Male Sex Hormones
4 Synthetic Androgens
5 Anabolic Agents
6 Androgen Antagonists
7 Summary
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 2: Annexins
1 Diversity and Functions
2 Structure and Mechanism of Action
3 Regulation
4 Applications
References
Chapter 3: Genetic Engineering of Antibody Molecules
1 Antibody Structure and Engineering
2 Technological Milestones in Antibody Engineering
3 Expression Systems
4 Variable Region Engineering
5 Constant Region Engineering
6 Structurally Modified Antibodies
7 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 4: Growing Mini-Organs from Stem Cells
1 Introduction
2 Spatiotemporal Control of Mini-Organ Structure and Differentiation
3 Organoid Technology
4 Missing Cues in Current Organoid Technology
5 Organ Bud Technology
6 The Future of Mini-Organ Technologies
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 5: Hemoglobin
1 General Aspects
2 Structural Features and Basic Terminology
3 Human Hemoglobin
4 Derivatives with Heme Ligands
5 The Reaction with Heme Ligands
6 Mechanisms of Cooperative Binding and Allostery
7 Assembly of Globin Monomers
8 Reactions with Nitric Oxide
9 Hemoglobin Variants
10 Evolutionary Considerations
References
Chapter 6: Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
1 Introduction
2 CTLA-4 Blockade
3 Targeting the PD-1 PD-L1 Pathway
4 Others Checkpoint Inhibitors
5 Safety Aspects
6 Future Direction: Biomarkers and Combination
7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 7: Molecular Mediators: Cytokines
1 Cytokines: The Historical Record
2 A Universal Language of Cells
3 Receptors
4 Functions
5 Life without Cytokines (What Knock-Out Mice Tell Us)
6 Cytokine Synthesis
7 The Cytokine Network
8 Individual Heterogeneity
9 Cytokines and Infections
10 Cytokines and Diseases
11 Conclusions
References
Chapter 8: Neural Transplantation: Evidence from the Rodent Cerebellum
1 Introduction
2 The Murine Cerebellum: A Suitable Model to Study Neural Transplantation
3 Integration of Cerebellar Progenitors in the Adult Cerebellum: The Case of Purkinje Cells
4 Stem Cell Therapies for Cerebellar Disorders: Issues and Perspectives
5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 9: RNA Interference in Cancer Therapy
1 Introduction: Cancer and RNAi
2 RNA Interference: Breakthrough of the Year 2002
3 MicroRNAome: The Biological Toolkit for the Regulation of Gene Expression
4 Current Prospects for RNA Interference-Based Therapy for Cancer
5 Rational Design of an RNAi-Based Therapeutic Approach in Cancer
6 Summary
References
Chapter 10: RNA Interference to Treat Virus Infections
1 Introduction
2 RNA Interference: an Evolutionarily Conserved Genome Defense Mechanism
3 RNA Interference as a Mechanism of Antiviral Immunity
4 Therapeutic Applications of RNAi
5 Challenges for Clinical Applications
6 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 11: Stem Cell Therapy for Alzheimer's Disease
1 Introduction
2 Stem Cell Therapy for Alzheimer's Disease
3 Conclusions
Glossary
References
Chapter 12: Immunotherapy with Autologous Cells
1 Introduction
2 Selecting and Isolating Effector Cell Types
3 Modifying the Effector Cell Population
4 Manufacturing Cells for Adoptive Transfer
5 Clinical Course of Adoptive Transfer
6 NextGen Cell Therapy
Disclosure Statement
References
Chapter 13: Targeted Therapy: Genomic Approaches
1 Principles of Genomics-Driven Targeted Therapy
2 Therapeutic Agents Used in Targeted Therapy
3 Targeted Therapy and Precision Medicine
4 Concluding Remarks
Acknowledgments
References
Volume 2
Part II: Drug Discovery Methods and Approaches
Chapter 14: Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry
1 Setting the Scene
2 Historical Perspective
3 What Oral Drugs Look Like
4 Early Development Activities
5 Late Development Activities
6 Reaction Process Safety
7 The Analytical Interface
8 Green Chemistry
9 To Market
10 Future Challenges
References
Chapter 15: High-Performance Liquid Chromatography of Peptides and Proteins
1 Introduction
2 Instrumentation
3 Fundamental Terms and Concepts
4 Physico-Chemical Properties of Peptides and Proteins
5 Chromatographic Separation Modes for Peptides and Proteins
6 Method Development from Analytical to Preparative Scale
7 Multidimensional HPLC
8 Final Remarks
Abbreviations
Symbols
References
Chapter 16: Hit-to-Lead Medicinal Chemistry
1 Introduction to the Hit-to-Lead Phase
2 Confidence in the Hit Matter
3 Goal of Hit-to-Lead Medicinal Chemistry
4 Strategies of Hit-to-Lead Medicinal Chemistry
5 Fragment-Based Lead Discovery
6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 17: Mass Spectrometry-Based Methods of Proteome Analysis
1 Principles and Instrumentation
2 Quantitative Methods of Proteome Analysis Using MS
3 Specific Examples of Applications
4 Conclusions
References
Chapter 18: Natural Product-Based Drug Discovery
1 Introduction
2 Drug Discovery Process
3 Established Drugs from Natural Sources
4 Drug Discovery from Natural Sources
5 Drugs to Prevent Skin Aging
6 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 19: Neurological Biomarkers
1 Introduction
2 Fluid Biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease
3 Fluid Biomarkers for Parkinson's Disease
4 Fluid Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
5 Concluding Remarks
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 20: Pharmacokinetics of Peptides and Proteins
1 Introduction
2 Administration Pathways
3 Administration Route and Immunogenicity
4 Distribution
5 Elimination
6 Interspecies Scaling
7 Drug–Drug Interaction
8 Conclusions
References
Chapter 21: Physical Pharmacy and Biopharmaceutics
1 Definitions
2 History of Physical Pharmacy and Biopharmaceutics
3 Application of Thermodynamics in Pharmacy
4 Oral Absorption Mechanism
5 Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS)
6 Biopharmaceutical Application in Drug Molecule Design
7 Biopharmaceutics Application in Drug Product Design
8 Conclusions
References
Chapter 22: Prions
1 Prions
2 Prions Are Distinct from Viruses
3 Disease Paradigms
4 Nomenclature
5 Discovery of the Prion Protein
6 PrP Gene Structure and Organization
7 Cellular form of PrP: Primary Structure, Expression, and Putative Function(s)
8 Structures of PrP Isoforms
9 Prion Replication
10 Cell Biology of PrP
Sc
Formation
11 Prion Peripheral Pathogenesis
12 Prion Toxicity
13 Strains of Prions
14 Interplay between the Species and Strains of Prions
15 Human Prion Diseases
16 Prion Diseases of Animals
17 Fungal Prions
18 Prevention and Therapeutics for Prion Diseases
19 Implications for Common Neurodegenerative Diseases
References
Chapter 23: RNA Metabolism and Drug Design
1 Introduction: RNA as a Drug Target
2 Antisense Oligonucleotides
3 RNA Interference
4 Small Molecules as RNA-Binding Drug Leads
5 Conclusions and Outlook
References
Chapter 24: Structure-Aided Drug Discovery and NMR-Based Screening
1 Introduction
2 Protein Tyrosine Kinases
3 Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases
4 Ras GTPases
5 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 25: Tuberculosis Drug Development
1 Introduction
2 The Present
3 Anti-TB Drug Discovery
4 Drugs in Development
5 Conclusions
References
Part III: Nanomedicine
Chapter 26: Microfluidics in Nanomedicine
1 Introduction
2 Microfluidic Assembly of Nanomedicines
3 Microfluidic Characterization of Nanomedicines
4 Microfluidic Evaluation of Nanomedicines
5 Challenges and Opportunities
6 Concluding Remarks
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 27: Nanoparticle Conjugates for Small Interfering RNA Delivery
1 The RNA Interference Pathway
2 Limitations of Unmodified siRNA Delivery and Carrier Design Considerations
3 siRNA Nanocarriers in Clinical Development
4 The Future of Nanoparticle-Based siRNA Delivery
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 28: Quantum Dots for Biomedical Delivery Applications
1 Introduction
2 Properties of QDs
3 Lithographically Defined QDs
4 Colloidal QDs
5 QDs Application in Optics
6 Transport (Electrical) Properties of QDs
7 Application of QDs in Diagnostics
8 Nucleic Acid Detection
9 Application of QDs in Drug Treatments
Acknowledgments
References
Index
End User License Agreement
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Guide
Cover
Table of Contents
Preface
Begin Reading