Details

Making Telecoms Work


Making Telecoms Work

From Technical Innovation to Commercial Success
2. Aufl.

von: Geoff Varrall

76,99 €

Verlag: Wiley
Format: PDF
Veröffentl.: 21.12.2011
ISBN/EAN: 9781119967132
Sprache: englisch
Anzahl Seiten: 456

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Beschreibungen

Bridging the industry divide between the technical expertise of engineers and the aims of market and business planners, <i>Making Telecoms Work</i> provides a basis for more effective interdisciplinary analysis of technology, engineering, market and business investment risk and opportunity. Since fixed and mobile broadband has become a dominant deliverable, multiple areas of transition and transformation have occurred; the book places these changes in the context of the political, social and economic dynamics of the global telecommunications industry. <p>Drawing on 25 years of participative experience in the mobile phone and telecommunications industry, the author closely analyses the materials, components and devices that have had a transformative impact. By presenting detailed case studies of materials innovation, such as those shown at success story Apple, the book shows how the collaboration of technological imagination with business knowledge will shape the industry’s future.</p> <ul> <li>Makes a link between the technical aspects and the business practice of the telecoms industry, highlighting the commercial and economic significance of new developments</li> <li>Gives a historical analysis of past successes and failures in order to identify future competitive advantage opportunities</li> <li>Supplies detailed case studies of supply chain disconnects and the impact these have on industry risk and profitability</li> <li>Brings together technological detail with analysis of what is and is not commercially important, from the implications of energy and environmental networks to the technical details of wireless network hardware.</li> </ul>
<b>Foreword xvii</b> <p><b>List of Acronyms and Abbreviations xix</b></p> <p><b>Acknowledgements xxiii</b></p> <p><b>1 Introduction 1</b></p> <p>1.1 Differentiating Technology and Engineering Innovation 1</p> <p>1.2 Differentiating Invention and Innovation 2</p> <p>1.3 The Role of Standards, Regulation and Competition Policy 2</p> <p>1.4 Mobile Broadband Auction Values – Spectral Costs and Liabilities and Impact on Operator Balance Sheets 3</p> <p>1.5 TV and Broadcasting and Mobile Broadband Regulation 4</p> <p>1.6 Technology Convergence as a Precursor of Market Convergence? 5</p> <p>1.7 Mobile Broadband Traffic Growth Forecasts and the Related Impact on Industry Profitability 5</p> <p>1.8 Radio versus Copper, Cable and Fibre – Comparative Economics 6</p> <p>1.9 Standardised Description Frameworks – OSI Seven-Layer Model as a Market and Business Descriptor 7</p> <p>1.10 Technology and Engineering Economics – Regional Shifts and Related Influence on the Design and Supply Chain, RF Component Suppliers and the Operator Community 8</p> <p>1.11 Apple as an Example of Technology-Led Market Innovation 12</p> <p><b>Part I USER HARDWARE</b></p> <p><b>2 Physical Layer Connectivity 15</b></p> <p>2.1 Differentiating Guided and Unguided Media 15</p> <p>2.2 The Transfer of Bandwidth from Broadcasting to Mobile Broadband 15</p> <p>2.3 The Cost of Propagation Loss and Impact of OFDM 17</p> <p>2.4 Competition or Collaboration? 18</p> <p>2.5 The Smith Chart as a Descriptor of Technology Economics, Vector Analysis and Moore’s Law 19</p> <p>2.6 Innovation Domains, Enabling Technologies and their Impact on the Cost of Delivery 20</p> <p>2.7 Cable Performance Benchmarks 33</p> <p>2.8 Hybrid Fibre Coaxial Systems 34</p> <p>2.9 The DVB-S Satellite Alternative 35</p> <p>2.10 Terrestrial TV 35</p> <p>2.11 Copper Access – ADSL and VDSL Evolution 36</p> <p>2.12 The Copper Conundrum – the Disconnect between Competition Policy and Technical Reality 42</p> <p>2.13 OFDM in Wireless – A Similar Story? 42</p> <p>2.14 Chapter Summary 54</p> <p><b>3 Interrelationship of the Physical Layer with Other Layers of the OSI Model 55</b></p> <p>3.1 MAC Layer and Physical Layer Relationships 55</p> <p>3.2 OFDM and the Transformative Power of Transforms 56</p> <p>3.3 The Role of Binary Arithmetic in Achieving Sensitivity, Selectivity and Stability 61</p> <p>3.4 Summary 69</p> <p>3.5 Contention Algorithms 69</p> <p>3.6 The WiFi PHY and MAC Relationship 73</p> <p>3.7 LTE Scheduling Gain 83</p> <p>3.8 Chapter Summary 88</p> <p><b>4 Telecommunications Economies of Scale 91</b></p> <p>4.1 Market Size and Projections 91</p> <p>4.2 Market Dynamics 97</p> <p>4.3 Impact of Band Allocation on Scale Economics 103</p> <p>4.4 The Impact of Increased RF Integration on Volume Thresholds 113</p> <p>4.5 The RF Functions in a Phone 118</p> <p>4.6 Summary 123</p> <p><b>5 Wireless User Hardware 125</b></p> <p>5.1 Military and Commercial Enabling Technologies 125</p> <p>5.2 Smart Phones 129</p> <p>5.3 Smart Phones and the User Experience 141</p> <p>5.4 Summary So Far 142</p> <p>5.5 RF Component Innovation 146</p> <p>5.6 Antenna Innovations 153</p> <p>5.7 Other Costs 162</p> <p>5.8 Summary 165</p> <p><b>6 Cable, Copper, Wireless and Fibre and theWorld of the Big TV 167</b></p> <p>6.1 Big TV 167</p> <p>6.2 3DTV 169</p> <p>6.3 Portable Entertainment Systems 170</p> <p>6.4 Summary of this Chapter and the First Five Chapters – Materials Innovation, Manufacturing Innovation, Market Innovation 171</p> <p><b>Part II USER SOFTWARE</b></p> <p><b>7 Device-Centric Software 175</b></p> <p>7.1 Battery Drain – The Memristor as One Solution 175</p> <p>7.2 Plane Switching, Displays and Visual Acuity 176</p> <p>7.3 Relationship of Display Technologies to Processor Architectures, Software Performance and Power Efficiency 177</p> <p>7.4 Audio Bandwidth Cost and Value 181</p> <p>7.5 Video Bandwidth Cost and Value 182</p> <p>7.6 Code Bandwidth and Application Bandwidth Value, Patent Value and Connectivity Value 184</p> <p><b>8 User-Centric Software 185</b></p> <p>8.1 Imaging and Social Networking 185</p> <p>8.2 The Image Processing Chain 186</p> <p>8.3 Image Processing Software – Processor and Memory Requirements 191</p> <p>8.4 Digital Camera Software 194</p> <p>8.5 Camera-Phone Network Hardware 196</p> <p>8.6 Camera-Phone Network Software 196</p> <p>8.7 Summary 197</p> <p><b>9 Content- and Entertainment-Centric Software 199</b></p> <p>9.1 iClouds and MyClouds 199</p> <p>9.2 Lessons from the Past 200</p> <p>9.3 Memory Options 203</p> <p>9.4 Gaming in the Cloud and Gaming and TV Integration 205</p> <p>9.5 Solid-State Storage 206</p> <p><b>10 Information-Centric Software 211</b></p> <p>10.1 Standard Phones, Smart Phones and Super Phones 211</p> <p>10.2 Radio Waves, Light Waves and the Mechanics of Information Transfer 212</p> <p>10.3 The Optical Pipe and Pixels 214</p> <p>10.4 Metadata Defined 217</p> <p>10.5 Mobile Metadata and Super-Phone Capabilities 219</p> <p>10.6 The Role of Audio, Visual and Social Signatures in Developing ‘Inference Value’ 221</p> <p>10.7 Revenues from Image and Audio and Memory and Knowledge Sharing – The Role of Mobile Metadata and Similarity Processing Algorithms 221</p> <p>10.8 Sharing Algorithms 222</p> <p>10.9 Disambiguating Social Mobile Metadata 223</p> <p>10.10 The Requirement for Standardised Metadata Descriptors 223</p> <p>10.11 Mobile Metadata and the Five Domains of User Value 224</p> <p>10.12 Mathematical (Algorithmic Value) as an Integral Part of the Mobile Metadata Proposition 225</p> <p><b>11 Transaction-Centric Software 229</b></p> <p>11.1 Financial Transactions 229</p> <p>11.2 The Role of SMS in Transactions, Political Influence and Public Safety 230</p> <p>11.3 The Mobile Phone as a Dominant Communications Medium? 232</p> <p>11.4 Commercial Issues – The End of the Cheque Book? 232</p> <p><b>Part III NETWORK HARDWARE</b></p> <p><b>12 Wireless Radio Access Network Hardware 237</b></p> <p>12.1 Historical Context 237</p> <p>12.2 From Difference Engine to Connection Engine 238</p> <p>12.3 IP Network Efficiency Constraints 240</p> <p>12.4 Telecoms – The Tobacco Industry of the Twentyfirst Century? 242</p> <p>12.5 Amortisation Time Scales 242</p> <p>12.6 Roads and Railways and the Power and Water Economy – The Justification of Long-Term Returns 243 <i>12.6.1 Historical Precedents – Return on Infrastructure Investment Time Scales</i> 243</p> <p>12.7 Telecommunications and Economic Theory 244</p> <p>12.8 The New Wireless Economy in a New Political Age? 250</p> <p>12.9 Connected Economies – A Definition 251</p> <p>12.10 Inferences and Implications 254</p> <p>12.11 The Newly Connected Economy 255</p> <p><b>13 Wireless Core Network Hardware 257</b></p> <p>13.1 The Need to Reduce End-to-End Delivery Cost 257</p> <p>13.2 Microwave-Link Economics 258</p> <p>13.3 The Backhaul Mix 259</p> <p>13.4 The HRAN and LRAN 260</p> <p>13.5 Summary – Backhaul Options Economic Comparisons 263</p> <p>13.6 Other Topics 264</p> <p><b>14 Cable Network and Fibre Network Technologies and Topologies 267</b></p> <p>14.1 Telegraph Poles as a Proxy for Regulatory and Competition Policy 267</p> <p>14.2 Under the Streets of London 267</p> <p>14.3 Above the Streets of London – The Telegraph 269</p> <p>14.4 Corporate Success and Failure – Case Studies – The Impact of Regulation and Competition Policy 269</p> <p>14.5 The Correlation of Success and Failure with R and D Spending 271</p> <p>14.6 Broadband Delivery Economics and Delivery Innovation 273</p> <p><b>15 Terrestrial Broadcast/Cellular Network Integration 275</b></p> <p>15.1 Broadcasting in Historical Context 275</p> <p>15.2 Digital Radio Mondiale 277</p> <p>15.3 COFDM in DRM 277</p> <p>15.4 Social and Political Impact of the Transistor Radio 278</p> <p>15.5 Political and Economic Value of Broadcasting 280</p> <p>15.6 DAB, DMB and DVB H 281</p> <p>15.7 HSPA as a Broadcast Receiver 283</p> <p>15.8 Impact of Global Spectral Policy and Related Implications for Receiver Design and Signal Flux Levels 284</p> <p>15.9 White-Space Devices 287</p> <p>15.10 Transmission Efficiency 289</p> <p>15.11 Scale Economy Efficiency 289</p> <p>15.12 Signalling Efficiency 289</p> <p>15.13 Power Efficiency Loss as a Result of a Need for Wide Dynamic Range 290</p> <p>15.14 Uneconomic Network Density as a Function of Transceiver TX and RX Inefficiency 290</p> <p>15.15 Cognitive Radios Already Exist – Why Not Extend Them into White-Space Spectrum? 290</p> <p>15.16 An Implied Need to Rethink the White-Space Space 291</p> <p>15.17 White-Space White House 291</p> <p>15.18 LTE TV 292</p> <p>15.19 Summary 295</p> <p>15.20 TV or not TV – That is the Question – What is the Answer? 295</p> <p>15.21 And Finally the Issue of Potential Spectral Litigation 297</p> <p>15.22 Technology Economics 300</p> <p>15.23 Engineering Economics 300</p> <p>15.24 Market Economics 300</p> <p>15.25 Business Economics 301</p> <p>15.26 Political Economics 301</p> <p>15.27 Remedies 301</p> <p><b>16 Satellite Networks 303</b></p> <p>16.1 Potential Convergence 303</p> <p>16.2 Traditional Specialist User Expectations 303</p> <p>16.3 Impact of Cellular on Specialist User Expectations 304</p> <p>16.4 DMR 446 305</p> <p>16.5 TETRA and TETRA TEDS 305</p> <p>16.6 TETRAPOL 306</p> <p>16.7 WiDEN 306</p> <p>16.8 APCO 25 306</p> <p>16.9 Why the Performance Gap Between Cellular and Two-Way Radio will Continue to Increase Over Time 307</p> <p>16.10 What This Means for Two-Way Radio Network Operators 307</p> <p>16.11 Lack of Frequency Harmonisation as a Compounding Factor 307</p> <p>16.12 The LTE 700 MHz Public-Safety-Band Plan 309</p> <p>16.13 The US 800-MHz Public-Safety-Band Plan 310</p> <p>16.14 Policy Issues and Technology Economics 313</p> <p>16.15 Satellites for Emergency-Service Provision 315</p> <p>16.16 Satellites and Cellular Networks 316</p> <p>16.17 The Impact of Changing Technology and a Changed and Changing Economic and Regulatory Climate – Common Interest Opportunities 317</p> <p>16.18 And Finally – Satellite and Terrestrial Hybrid Networks 318</p> <p>16.19 Satellite Spectrum and Orbit Options 321</p> <p>16.20 Terrestrial Broadcast and Satellite Coexistence in L Band 324</p> <p>16.21 Terrestrial DAB Satellite DAB and DVB H 324</p> <p>16.22 World Space Satellite Broadcast L Band GSO Plus Proposed ATC 324</p> <p>16.23 Inmarsat – L Band GSO Two-Way Mobile Communications 324</p> <p>16.24 Thuraya 2 L Band GSO Plus Triband GSM and GPS 325</p> <p>16.25 ACeS L Band GSO Plus Triband GSM and GPS 325</p> <p>16.26 Mobile Satellite Ventures L Band GSO Plus ATC 325</p> <p>16.27 Global Positioning MEOS at L Band GPS, Galileo and Glonass 325</p> <p>16.28 Terrestrial Broadcast and Satellite Coexistence in S Band 326</p> <p>16.29 XM and Sirius in the US – S Band GEO Plus S Band ATC 326</p> <p>16.30 Mobaho in Japan and S DMB in South Korea – S Band GSO Plus ATC 326</p> <p>16.31 Terrestar S Band in the US – GSO with ATC 327</p> <p>16.32 ICO S Band GSO with ATC 327</p> <p>16.33 ICO S Band MEO at S Band with ATC 327</p> <p>16.34 Eutelsat and SES ASTRA GSO – ‘Free’ S Band Payloads 328</p> <p>16.35 Intelsat C Band Ku Band and Ka Band GSO 328</p> <p>16.36 Implications for Terrestrial Broadcasters 328</p> <p>16.37 Implications for Terrestrial Cellular Service Providers 329</p> <p>16.38 The Impact of Satellite Terrestrial ATC Hybrids on Cellular Spectral and Corporate Value 329</p> <p>16.39 L Band, S Band, C Band, K Band and V Band Hybrids 329</p> <p>16.40 Summary 330</p> <p><b>Part IV NETWORK SOFTWARE</b></p> <p><b>17 Network Software – The User Experience 335</b></p> <p>17.1 Definition of a Real-Time Network 335</p> <p>17.2 Switching or Routing 336</p> <p>17.3 IP Switching as an Option 336</p> <p>17.4 Significance of the IPv6 Transition 336</p> <p>17.5 Router Hardware/Software Partitioning 336</p> <p>17.6 The Impact of Increasing Policy Complexity 337</p> <p>17.7 So What Do Whorls Have to Do with Telecom Networks? 338</p> <p>17.8 Packet Arrival Rates 342</p> <p>17.9 Multilayer Classification 342</p> <p><b>18 Network Software – Energy Management and Control 347</b></p> <p>18.1 Will the Pot Call the Kettle Back? 347</p> <p>18.2 Corporate M2M 348</p> <p>18.3 Specialist M2M 348</p> <p>18.4 Consumer M2M 349</p> <p>18.5 Device Discovery and Device Coupling in Consumer M2M Applications and the Role of Near-Field Communication 349</p> <p>18.6 Bandwidth Considerations 350</p> <p>18.7 Femtocells as an M2M Hub? 351</p> <p>18.8 Summary 352</p> <p><b>19 Network Software – Microdevices and Microdevice Networks – The Software of the Very Small 353</b></p> <p>19.1 Microdevices – How Small is Small? 354</p> <p>19.2 Contactless Smart Cards at 13.56 MHz – A Technology, Engineering and Business Model? 357</p> <p>19.3 Contactless Smart Cards and Memory Spots – Unidirectional and Bidirectional Value 358</p> <p>19.4 Contactless Smart Cards, RF ID and Memory Spots 358</p> <p>19.5 Contactless Smart Cards, RF ID, Memory Spot and Mote (Smart Dust) Applications 359</p> <p>19.6 The Cellular Phone as a Bridge Between Multiple Devices and Other Network-Based Information 359</p> <p>19.7 Multiple RF Options 360</p> <p>19.8 Multiple Protocol Stacks 360</p> <p>19.9 Adoption Time Scales – Bar Codes as an Example 360</p> <p>19.10 Summary 361</p> <p><b>20 Server Software 363</b></p> <p>20.1 The Wisdom of the Cloud? 364</p> <p>20.2 A Profitable Cloud? 364</p> <p>20.3 A Rural Cloud? 365</p> <p>20.4 A Locally Economically Relevant Cloud? 365</p> <p>20.5 A Locally Socially Relevant Cloud? 365</p> <p>20.6 A Locally Politically Relevant Cloud – The China Cloud? 366</p> <p>20.7 The Cultural Cloud? 367</p> <p><b>21 Future Trends, Forecasting, the Age of Adaptation and More Transformative Transforms 369</b></p> <p>21.1 Future Forecasts 369</p> <p>21.2 The Contribution of Charles Darwin to the Theory of Network Evolution 370</p> <p>21.3 Famous Mostly Bearded Botanists and Their Role in Network Design – The Dynamics of Adaptation 371</p> <p>21.4 Adaptation, Scaling and Context 371</p> <p>21.5 Examples of Adaptation in Existing Semiconductor Solutions 372</p> <p>21.6 Examples of Adaptation in Present Mobile Broadband Systems 372</p> <p>21.7 Examples of Adaptation in Future Semiconductor Solutions 373</p> <p>21.8 Examples of Adaptation in Future Cellular Networks 373</p> <p>21.9 Specialisation 375</p> <p>21.10 The Role of Standards Making 376</p> <p>21.11 The Need for a Common Language 376</p> <p>21.12 A Definition of Descriptive Domains 377</p> <p>21.13 Testing the Model on Specific Applications 379</p> <p>21.14 Domain Value 380</p> <p>21.15 Quantifying Domain-Specific Economic and Emotional Value 381</p> <p>21.16 Differentiating Communications and Connectivity Value 382</p> <p>21.17 Defining Next-Generation Networks 383</p> <p>21.18 Defining an Ultralow-Cost Network 384</p> <p>21.19 Standards Policy, Spectral Policy and RF Economies of Scale 385</p> <p>21.20 The Impact of IPR on RF Component and Subsystem Costs 386</p> <p>21.21 The Cost of ‘Design Dissipation’ 386</p> <p>21.22 The Hidden Costs of Content – Storage Cost 387</p> <p>21.23 The Hidden Costs of User-Generated Content – Sorting Cost 387</p> <p>21.24 The Hidden Cost of Content – Trigger Moments 387</p> <p>21.25 The Hidden Cost of Content – Delivery Cost 388</p> <p>21.26 The Particular Costs of Delivering Broadcast Content Over Cellular Networks 388</p> <p>21.27 Summary – Cost and Value Transforms 388</p> <p><b>Index</b> 391</p>
<p>“In this excellent book, Geoff Varrall uses his 25 years of experience within the mobile phone and telecommunications industries to analyse the components, devices, and materials that will have a significant impact on the marketplace.”  (<i>Radio-Electronics.com</i>, 16 April 2012)</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
<b>Geoff Varrall</b> joined RTT in 1985 as an executive director and shareholder to develop RTT's international business as a provider of technology and business services to the wireless industry.<br /> He co-developed RTT's original series of design and facilitation workshops including 'RF Technology', 'Data Over Radio', 'Introduction to Mobile Radio', and 'Private Mobile Radio Systems’ and developed 'The Oxford Programme', a five day strategic technology and market programme presented annually with the Shosteck Group. Over the past twenty years, several thousand senior level delegates have attended these programmes.<br /> As a Director of Cambridge Wireless, Geoff is involved in a number of wireless heritage initiatives that aim to capture and record past technology and engineering experience and has helped with fundraising at the Science Museum for the new Making of Modern Communications Gallery opening in 2014.
Bridging the industry divide between the technical expertise of engineers and the aims of market and business planners, <i>Making Telecoms Work</i> provides a basis for more effective interdisciplinary analysis of technology, engineering, market and business investment risk and opportunity. Since fixed and mobile broadband has become a dominant deliverable, multiple areas of transition and transformation have occurred; the book places these changes in the context of the political, social and economic dynamics of the global telecommunications industry. <p>Drawing on 25 years of participative experience in the mobile phone and telecommunications industry, the author closely analyses the materials, components and devices that have had a transformative impact. By presenting detailed case studies of materials innovation, such as those shown at success story Apple, the book shows how the collaboration of technological imagination with business knowledge will shape the industry’s future.</p> <p>·         Makes a link between the technical aspects and the business practice of the telecoms industry, highlighting the commercial and economic significance of new developments</p> <ul> <li>Gives a historical analysis of past successes and failures in order to identify future competitive advantage opportunities</li> <li>Supplies detailed case studies of supply chain disconnects and the impact these have on industry risk and profitability</li> <li>Brings together technological detail with analysis of what is and is not commercially important, from the implications of energy and environmental networks to the technical details of wireless network hardware</li> </ul>

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