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Preface<br> <br> PART I: Innovative Processes in Organic Chemistry<br> <br> N-HYDROXY DERIVATIVES: KEY ORGANOCATALYSTS FOR THE SELECTIVE FREE RADICAL AEROBIC OXIDATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS<br> Introduction<br> General Reactivity of N-Hydroxy Derivatives<br> Aerobic Oxidation Catalyzed by N-Hydroxy Amines<br> Aerobic Oxidation Catalyzed by N-Hydroxy Amides<br> Aerobic Oxidation Catalyzed by N-Hydroxy Imides<br> Conclusions<br> GOLD-CATALYZED INTRA- AND INTERMOLECULAR CYCLOADDITIONS OF PUSH-PULL DIENYNES<br> Introduction<br> Gold-Catalyzed Enyne Cycloisomerizations<br> Gold-Catalyzed Intermolecular Cycloadditions<br> Conclusions and Future Perspectives<br> N-HETEROCYCLIC CARBENES IN COPPER-CATALYZED REACTIONS<br> Introduction<br> Preparation of NHC-Containing Copper Complexes<br> Main Applications of [(NHC)Cu] Complexes in Catalysis<br> Copper Hydride-Mediated Reactions<br> [3+2] Cycloadditions of Azides and Alkynes<br> Concluding Remarks<br> SUPPORTED ORGANOCATALYSTS AS A POWERFUL TOOL IN ORGANIC SYNTHESIS<br> Introduction<br> L-Proline and its Derivatives on Ionic Liquid-Modified Silica Gels<br> Polystyrene-Supported Proline as a Versatile and Recyclable Organocatalyst<br> Prolinamide-Supported Polystyrenes as Highly Stereoselective and Recyclable Organocalysts for the Aldol Reaction<br> Outlook and Future Perspectives<br> THE COMPLEX-INDUCED PROXIMITY EFFECT IN ORGANOLITHIUM CHEMISTRY AND ITS IMPORTANCE IN THE LITHIATION OF TERTIARY AMINES<br> Introduction<br> State of the Art<br> Latest Developments<br> Conclusions and Outlook<br> <br> PART II: Predictive Tools in Organic Chemical Reactions<br> <br> DOUBLE HYDROGEN BONDING IN ASYMMETRIC ORGANOCATALYSIS: A MECHANISTIC PERSPECTIVE<br> Introduction<br> Diols and Amidoalcohols<br> (Thio)ureas<br> Phosphoric Acids<br> Other Catalysts<br> Conclusions and Outlook<br> DYNAMIC COVALENT CAPTURE: A SENSITIVE TOOL FOR DETECTING MOLECULAR INTERACTIONS<br> Introduction<br> Hydrogen Bond-Driven Self-Assembly in Aqueous Solution<br> Measuring Stability and Order in Biological Structures<br> Drug Discovery<br> Catalyst Discovery<br> The Analysis of Complex Chemical Systems<br> Perspective<br> <br> PART III: Chemical Reactions, Sustainable Processes, and Environment<br> <br> FURFURAL AND FURFURAL-BASED INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS<br> Carbohydrates for Life<br> Furfural-Evolution over Nearly Two Centuries<br> Applications of Furfural<br> Mechanistic Considerations on the Conversion of Pentosans into Furfural<br> Production of Furfural<br> Conclusion and Future Perspective<br> MULTIPLE BOND-FORMING TRANSFORMATIONS: THE KEY CONCEPT TOWARD ECO-COMPATIBLE SYNTHETIC ORGANIC CHEMISTRY<br> The Science of Synthesis<br> Multiple Bond-Forming Transformations (MBFTs)<br> An Account of Our Recent Contributions<br> Conclusion<br> MODELING OF INDIRECT PHOTOTRANSFORMATION REACTIONS IN SURFACE WATERS<br> Introduction<br> Indirect Photolysis Processes in Surface Waters<br> Modeling the Photochemistry of Surface Waters<br> Conclusions and Perspectives<br> <br> PART IV: Organic Synthesis and Materials<br> <br> BOTTOM-UP APPROACHES TO NANOGRAPHENES THROUGH ORGANIC SYNTHESIS<br> Introduction<br> Alternant Polyarenes with 10 Fused Benzene Rings<br> Alternant Polyarenes with 11 Fused Benzene Rings<br> Alternant Polyarenes with 12 Fused Benzene Rings<br> Alternant Polyarenes with 13 Fused Benzene Rings<br> Alternant Polyarenes with 14 Fused Benzene Rings<br> Alternant Polyarenes with More Than 150 Fused Benzene Rings<br> Conclusions and Outlook<br> DIFFERENTIATED LIGANDS FOR THE SEQUENTIAL CONSTRUCTION OF CRYSTALLINE HETEROMETALLIC ASSEMBLIES<br> Introduction<br> Dithiolate Ligands<br> Dipyrrin Ligands<br> Conclusion and Outlook<br> WATER-SOLUBLE PERYLENE DYES<br> History and Functionalization of Perylene Dyes<br> Derivatization of Perylene Dyes<br> Properties and Applications of Perylene Dyes<br> Advantages and Applications of Water-Soluble Perylene Derivatives<br> Symmetric Water-Soluble PDIs<br> Unsymmetric PDIs<br> Chiral Water-Soluble PDIs<br> Conclusion and Outlook<br>

Bruno Pignataro, born in Bologna in 1972, is Professor of Physical Chemistry at the University of Palermo. He received his degree in chemistry in 1995 from the University of Catania and his PhD in materials science five years later. He has helped establish a wide network of international collaborations and organized more than 10 meetings at national and international level, including coordinating the Young Chemists Group of the Italian Chemical Society and chairing the first editions of the European Young Chemist Award. He is a referee for several leading chemistry and materials journals, has more than 70 scientific publications and some 90 conference communications to his name, along with several invited lectures. Professor Pignataro's research interests focus on the related fields of the physical chemistry of molecular surfaces and soft nanotechnologies.

This volume represents one of the three edited by inviting a selection of young researchers participating to the European Young Chemist Award 2008. The other two volumes concern the two different areas of Nanotechnology/Material Science and Life Sciences and are respectively entitled "Ideas in Molecular Sciences: Advances in Nanotechnology, Materials and Devices" and "Ideas in Chemistry and Molecular Sciences: Where Chemistry Meets Life".<br> <br> This book contains the contributions of selected young chemists from the field of synthetic chemistry. The contributions are grouped under the following umbrella topics:<br> <br> * Innovative processes in organic chemistry<br> * Predictive tools in organic chemical reactions<br> * Chemical reaction, sustainable processes and environment<br> * Organic synthesis and materials<br> <br> This volume is an indispensable read for all organic, catalytic, natural products and biochemists interested in seeing what tomorrow's chemistry will look like.

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