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<p>Preface ix</p> <p><b>Chapter 1. Pipe Networks 1</b></p> <p>1.1. Introduction 1</p> <p>1.2. Calculation of pipe networks 3</p> <p>1.3. Problem-solving methodology for pipe networks 10</p> <p>1.4. Overall approach for the network calculation 12</p> <p>1.5. The Hazen–Williams equation for network analysis 13</p> <p>1.6. Hazen–Williams and Darcy–Weisbach identity 15</p> <p>1.7. Hardy–Cross method 18</p> <p>1.8. Formulae 21</p> <p>1.9. Questions 23</p> <p>1.10. Problems with solutions 23</p> <p>1.11. Problems to be solved 53</p> <p><b>Chapter 2. Open Channel Flow 57</b></p> <p>2.1. Introduction 57</p> <p>2.2. Non-dimensional parameters in open channels 58</p> <p>2.3. Open channel types of flow 59</p> <p>2.4. Open channels’ geometrical shapes 61</p> <p>2.4.1. Channels of rectangular cross-sectional area 61</p> <p>2.4.2. Channels of trapezoidal cross-sectional area 62</p> <p>2.4.3. Channels of circular cross-sectional area 63</p> <p>2.5. The hydraulic jump 65</p> <p>2.6. Calculation of the depth flow after the hydraulic jump 65</p> <p>2.7. Velocity distribution 68</p> <p>2.8. Velocity distribution at the vertical level 68</p> <p>2.9. Uniform flow in open channel equations – Chezy type 70</p> <p>2.10. Best hydraulic cross-sectional area 75</p> <p>2.11. Specific flow energy 79</p> <p>2.12. Channels of rectangular cross-sectional area 80</p> <p>2.13. Open channels’ more adequate cross-sectional areas 83</p> <p>2.13.1. Rectangular cross-sectional area 83</p> <p>2.13.2. Trapezoidal cross-sectional area 85</p> <p>2.14. Non-uniform flow in open channels 88</p> <p>2.15. Channels of non-rectangular cross-section area 90</p> <p>2.16. Formulae 92</p> <p>2.16.1. Channels of rectangular cross-sectional area formulae 93</p> <p>2.16.2. Channels of trapezoidal cross-section formulae 93</p> <p>2.16.3. Channels of circular cross-sectional area formulae 94</p> <p>2.16.4. Channels of rectangular cross-sectional area formulae 99</p> <p>2.16.5. Channels of non-rectangular cross-sectional area formulae 100</p> <p>2.17. Questions 101</p> <p>2.18. Problems with solutions 103</p> <p>2.19. Problems to be solved 116</p> <p><b>Chapter 3. Boundary Layer 119</b></p> <p>3.1. Introduction 119</p> <p>3.2. Laminar incompressible boundary layer 120</p> <p>3.3. Characteristic values of the boundary layer 125</p> <p>3.3.1. Thickness δ of the boundary layer 125</p> <p>3.3.2. The thickness displacement 1 δ₁’.126</p> <p>3.4. Flow types in the boundary layer 127</p> <p>3.5. Formulae 131</p> <p>3.6. Questions 133</p> <p>3.7. Problems with solutions 133</p> <p>3.8. Problems to be solved 145</p> <p><b>Chapter 4. Flow Around Solid Bodies 147</b></p> <p>4.1. Introduction 147</p> <p>4.2. Geometrical characteristics of an airfoil 148δ</p> <p>4.3. Kutta–Joukowski equation 150</p> <p>4.4. Aerodynamic paradox 152</p> <p>4.5. Pressure distribution in an airfoil 153</p> <p>4.6. Lift curve 156</p> <p>4.7. Drag force and drag coefficient curve 158</p> <p>4.7.1. Drag of skin friction 158</p> <p>4.7.2. Form drag 159</p> <p>4.7.3. Induced drag 161</p> <p>4.8. Parameters that influence the drag coefficient CD 163</p> <p>4.8.1. Dependence of CD on the body’s shape 163</p> <p>4.8.2. Dependence of CD on relative roughness 165</p> <p>4.8.3. Dependence of CD on the Reynolds number 170</p> <p>4.9. External flow around industrial solid bodies 177</p> <p>4.9.1. Car’s motion 177</p> <p>4.9.2. Surface vessel’s motion 178</p> <p>4.9.3. Wind flow in ground constructions 179</p> <p>4.9.4. Airplane’s motion 181</p> <p>4.10. Drag in fluid drops and gas bubbles in creeping flow 190</p> <p>4.11. Formulae 191</p> <p>4.12. Questions 193</p> <p>4.13. Problems with solutions 196</p> <p>4.14. Problems to be solved 209</p> <p>Appendices 211</p> <p>Appendix 1. Symbols and Units 213</p> <p>Appendix 2. Tables and Diagrams of Natural Values 219</p> <p>Appendix 3. Symbols and Basic Conversion Factors 237</p> <p>Appendix 4. International Standard Atmosphere, SI Units 239</p> <p>Appendix 5. International Standard Atmosphere, in BS 251</p> <p>Appendix 6. NACA Airfoils’ Diagrams 259</p> <p>Bibliography 287</p> <p>Index 289</p> <p> </p>

<strong>Christina G. Georgantopoulou</strong>, Faculty Member in Fluid Mechanics, School of Engineering, Bahrain Polytechnic, Isa Town, Kingdom of Bahrain. <p><strong>George A. Georgantopoulos</strong>, Faculty Member in Fluid Mechanics, School of Engineering, Bahrain Polytechnic, Isa Town, Kingdom of Bahrain.

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