Details

Ethical Theory


Ethical Theory

An Anthology
Blackwell Philosophy Anthologies, Band 14 2. Aufl.

von: Russ Shafer-Landau

58,99 €

Verlag: Wiley-Blackwell
Format: PDF
Veröffentl.: 20.06.2012
ISBN/EAN: 9781118316832
Sprache: englisch
Anzahl Seiten: 816

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Beschreibungen

The second edition of<i> Ethical Theory: An Anthology</i> features a comprehensive collection of more than 80 essays from classic and contemporary philosophers that address questions at the heart of moral philosophy. <ul> <li>Brings together 82 classic and contemporary pieces by renowned philosophers, from seminal works by Hume and Kant to contemporary views by Derek Parfit, Susan Wolf, Judith Jarvis Thomson, and many more </li> <li>Features updates and the inclusion of a new section on feminist ethics, along with a general introduction and section introductions by Russ Shafer-Landau</li> <li>Guides readers through key areas in ethical theory including consequentialism, deontology, contractarianism, and virtue ethics </li> <li>Includes underrepresented topics such as moral knowledge, moral standing, moral<br />responsibility, and ethical particularism </li> </ul>
Preface xi <p>Source Acknowledgments xiii</p> <p><b>Part I The Status of Morality 1</b></p> <p>Introduction to Part I 3</p> <p>1. “Of the Influencing Motives of the Will” and “Moral Distinctions Not Derived from Reason” 7<br /> <i>David Hume</i></p> <p>2. A Critique of Ethics 16<br /> <i>A. J. Ayer</i></p> <p>3. The Subjectivity of Values 22<br /> <i>J. L. Mackie</i></p> <p>4. Ethics and Observation 31<br /> <i>Gilbert Harman</i></p> <p>5. Moral Relativism Defended 35<br /> <i>Gilbert Harman</i></p> <p>6. Cultural Relativism 44<br /> <i>Harry Gensler</i></p> <p>7. The Subject-Matter of Ethics 48<br /> <i>G. E. Moore</i></p> <p>8. Ethics as Philosophy: A Defense of Ethical Nonnaturalism 54<br /> <i>Russ Shafer-Landau</i></p> <p>9. Realism 63<br /> <i>Michael Smith</i></p> <p><b>Part II Moral Knowledge 69</b></p> <p>Introduction to Part II 71</p> <p>10. Thinking About Cases 74<br /> <i>Shelly Kagan</i></p> <p>11. But I Could be Wrong 85<br /> <i>George Sher</i></p> <p>12. Proof 94<br /> <i>Renford Bambrough</i></p> <p>13. Moral Knowledge and Ethical Pluralism 101<br /> <i>Robert Audi</i></p> <p>14. Coherentism and the Justification of Moral Beliefs 112<br /> <i>Geoffrey Sayre-McCord</i></p> <p><b>Part III Why Be Moral? 127</b></p> <p>Introduction to Part III 129</p> <p>15. The Immoralist’s Challenge 132<br /> <i>Plato</i></p> <p>16. Morality as a System of Hypothetical Imperatives 138<br /> <i>Philippa Foot</i></p> <p>17. A Puzzle About the Rational Authority of Morality 144<br /> <i>David O. Brink</i></p> <p>18. Moral Rationalism 159<br /> <i>Russ Shafer-Landau</i></p> <p>19. Psychological Egoism 167<br /> <i>Joel Feinberg</i></p> <p>20. Flourishing Egoism 178<br /> <i>Lester Hunt</i></p> <p>21. Ethical Egoism 193<br /> <i>James Rachels</i></p> <p>22. Moral Saints 200<br /> <i>Susan Wolf</i></p> <p><b>Part IV Ethics and Religion 213</b></p> <p>Introduction to Part IV 215</p> <p>23. Euthyphro 218<br /> <i>Plato</i></p> <p>24. A New Divine Command Theory 220<br /> <i>Robert Merrihew Adams</i></p> <p>25. God and Objective Morality: A Debate 225<br /> <i>William Lane Craig and Walter Sinnott-Armstrong</i></p> <p>26. God and Immortality as Postulates of Pure Practical Reason 230<br /> <i>Immanuel Kant</i></p> <p>27. God and the Moral Order 234<br /> <i>C. Stephen Layman</i></p> <p>28. God and Morality 242<br /> <i>Erik Wielenberg</i></p> <p><b>Part V Value 253</b></p> <p>Introduction to Part V 255</p> <p>29. Hedonism 258<br /> <i>John Stuart Mill</i></p> <p>30. The Experience Machine 264<br /> <i>Robert Nozick</i></p> <p>31. The Good Life: A Defense of Attitudinal Hedonism 266<br /> <i>Fred Feldman</i></p> <p>32. Rationality and Full Information 277<br /> <i>Thomas Carson</i></p> <p>33. Desire and the Human Good 286<br /> <i>Richard Kraut</i></p> <p>34. What Makes Someone’s Life Go Best 294<br /> <i>Derek Parfit</i></p> <p>35. What Things are Good? 299<br /> <i>W. D. Ross</i></p> <p><b>Part VI Moral Responsibility 303</b></p> <p>Introduction to Part VI 305</p> <p>36. Determinism and the Theory of Agency 308<br /> <i>Richard Taylor</i></p> <p>37. The Impossibility of Moral Responsibility 312<br /> <i>Galen Strawson</i></p> <p>38. Freedom and Necessity 317<br /> <i>A. J. Ayer</i></p> <p>39. Moral Luck 322<br /> <i>Thomas Nagel</i></p> <p>40. Sanity and the Metaphysics of Responsibility 330<br /> <i>Susan Wolf</i></p> <p>41. Freedom and Resentment 340<br /> <i>Peter Strawson</i></p> <p><b>Part VII Moral Standing 353</b></p> <p>Introduction to Part VII 355</p> <p>42. We Have No Duties to Animals 359<br /> <i>Immanuel Kant</i></p> <p>43. All Animals are Equal 361<br /> <i>Peter Singer</i></p> <p>44. The Rights of Animals and Unborn Generations 372<br /> <i>Joel Feinberg</i></p> <p>45. On Being Morally Considerable 381<br /> <i>Kenneth Goodpaster</i></p> <p>46. Abortion and Infanticide 390<br /> <i>Michael Tooley</i></p> <p>47. An Argument that Abortion is Wrong 400<br /> <i>Don Marquis</i></p> <p><b>Part VIII Consequentialism 411</b></p> <p>Introduction to Part VIII 413</p> <p>48. Utilitarianism 417<br /> <i>John Stuart Mill</i></p> <p>49. Extreme and Restricted Utilitarianism 423<br /> <i>J. J. C. Smart</i></p> <p>50. Rule-Consequentialism 428<br /> <i>Brad Hooker</i></p> <p>51. Alienation, Consequentialism, and the Demands of Morality 441<br /> <i>Peter Railton</i></p> <p>52. What is Wrong with Slavery 458<br /> <i>R. M. Hare</i></p> <p>53. Famine, Affluence and Morality 466<br /> <i>Peter Singer</i></p> <p>54. The Survival Lottery 474<br /> <i>John Harris</i></p> <p><b>Part IX Deontology 479</b></p> <p>Introduction to Part IX 481</p> <p>55. Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals 485<br /> <i>Immanuel Kant</i></p> <p>56. Kant’s Formula of Universal Law 499<br /> <i>Christine Korsgaard</i></p> <p>57. Kantian Approaches to Some Famine Problems 510<br /> <i>Onora O’Neill</i></p> <p>58. The Rationality of Side Constraints 521<br /> <i>Robert Nozick</i></p> <p>59. The Golden Rule Rationalized 524<br /> <i>Alan Gewirth</i></p> <p>60. The Problem of Abortion and the Doctrine of the Double Effect 536<br /> <i>Philippa Foot</i></p> <p>61. Killing, Letting Die, and the Trolley Problem 543<br /> <i>Judith Jarvis Thomson</i></p> <p><b>Part X Contractarianism 553</b></p> <p>Introduction to Part X 555</p> <p>62. Leviathan 558<br /> <i>Thomas Hobbes</i></p> <p>63. Why Contractarianism? 571<br /> <i>David Gauthier</i></p> <p>64. A Theory of Justice 581<br /> <i>John Rawls</i></p> <p>65. Contractualism and Utilitarianism 593<br /> <i>T. M. Scanlon</i></p> <p><b>Part XI Virtue Ethics 609</b></p> <p>Introduction to Part XI 611</p> <p>66. The Nature of Virtue 615<br /> <i>Aristotle</i></p> <p>67. Non-Relative Virtues: An Aristotelian Approach 630<br /> <i>Martha Nussbaum</i></p> <p>68. Normative Virtue Ethics 645<br /> <i>Rosalind Hursthouse</i></p> <p>69. Agent-Based Virtue Ethics 653<br /> <i>Michael Slote</i></p> <p>70. A Virtue Ethical Account of Right Action 664<br /> <i>Christine Swanton</i></p> <p>71. Being Virtuous and Doing the Right Thing 676<br /> <i>Julia Annas</i></p> <p><b>Part XII Feminist Ethics 687</b></p> <p>Introduction to Part XII 689</p> <p>72. In a Different Voice 692<br /> <i>Carol Gilligan</i></p> <p>73. An Ethic of Caring 699<br /> <i>Nell Noddings</i></p> <p>74. Justice, Care, and Gender Bias 713<br /> <i>Cheshire Calhoun</i></p> <p>75. The Need for More than Justice 721<br /> <i>Annette Baier</i></p> <p>76. Sexism 729<br /> <i>Marilyn Frye</i></p> <p>77. Feminist Skepticism, Authority, and Transparency 735<br /> <i>Margaret Urban Walker</i></p> <p><b>Part XIII Prima Facie Duties and Particularism 751</b></p> <p>Introduction to Part XIII 753</p> <p>78. What Makes Right Acts Right? 756<br /> <i>W. D. Ross</i></p> <p>79. An Unconnected Heap of Duties? 763<br /> <i>David McNaughton</i></p> <p>80. An Unprincipled Morality 772<br /> <i>Jonathan Dancy</i></p> <p>81. On Knowing the “Why”: Particularism and Moral Theory 776<br /> <i>Margaret Olivia Little</i></p> <p>82. Unprincipled Ethics 785<br /> <i>Gerald Dworkin</i></p>
<p><strong>Russ Shafer-Landau</strong> is Department Chair and Professor of Philosophy at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. His previous publications include <em>The Foundations of Ethics: An Anthology</em> (2006, with Terence Cuneo) and <em>Moral Realism: A Defense</em> (2003). He also the editor of <em>Oxford Studies in Metaethics</em>.
<p>This is a rich, wide-ranging, and nicely accessible collection of many of moral philosophy’s greatest hits, updated to include an excellent new section in feminist ethics. A must-have for anyone interested in ethics.</p> <p> </p> <p>Hilde Lindemann, Michigan State University</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p><i>Praise for the First Edition:</i></p> <p> </p> <p>This collection is a very welcome addition. It is remarkable for the breadth of issues discussed and the diversity of positions represented. Throughout, the selections have been chosen with a keen eye for excellence and accessibility. Taken together, they provide a vivid panorama of ethical theory today.</p> <p>Peter Railton, University of Michigan</p> <p> </p> <p>It is a wonderfully comprehensive collection that manages to bring together well-chosen papers on a number of significant areas in moral theory.</p> <p>Geoff Sayre-McCord, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill</p>

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