Details

An Introduction to Syntactic Analysis and Theory


An Introduction to Syntactic Analysis and Theory


1. Aufl.

von: Dominique Sportiche, Hilda Koopman, Edward Stabler

33,99 €

Verlag: Wiley-Blackwell
Format: PDF
Veröffentl.: 23.09.2013
ISBN/EAN: 9781118470480
Sprache: englisch
Anzahl Seiten: 480

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Beschreibungen

<p><b><i>An Introduction to Syntactic Analysis and Theory</i> offers beginning students a comprehensive overview of and introduction to our current understanding of the rules and principles that govern the syntax of natural languages.</b></p> <ul> <li>Includes numerous pedagogical features such as 'practice' boxes and sidebars, designed to facilitate understanding of both the 'hows' and the 'whys' of sentence structure</li> <li>Guides readers through syntactic and morphological structures in a progressive manner</li> <li>Takes the mystery out of one of the most crucial aspects of the workings of language – the principles and processes behind the structure of sentences</li> <li>Ideal for students with minimal knowledge of current syntactic research, it progresses in theoretical difficulty from basic ideas and theories to more complex and advanced, up to date concepts in syntactic theory</li> </ul>
<p>Acknowledgments xv</p> <p><b>1 Introduction 1</b></p> <p>1.1 Where to Start 1</p> <p>1.2 What this Book is and is Not, and How to Use It 5</p> <p>1.3 Further Reading 6</p> <p><b>2 Morphology: Starting with Words 9</b></p> <p>2.1 Words Come in Categories 10</p> <p>2.2 Words are Made of Smaller Units: Morphemes 17</p> <p>2.3 Morphemes Combine in Regular Ways 18</p> <p>2.4 Apparent Exceptions to the RHHR 32</p> <p>2.5 Morphological Atoms 35</p> <p>2.6 Compositionality and Recursion 36</p> <p>2.7 Conclusion 37</p> <p><b>3 Syntactic Analysis Introduced 43</b></p> <p>3.1 Word Order 44</p> <p>3.2 Constituency 47</p> <p>3.3 Syntactic Productivity 48</p> <p>3.4 Substitution 50</p> <p>3.5 Ellipsis 58</p> <p>3.6 Coordination 62</p> <p>3.7 Movement and Other Distortions 68</p> <p>3.8 Some More Complex Distortion Experiments, Briefly 74</p> <p>3.9 Some More Practice 75</p> <p>3.10 Some Other Evidence of Constituency 76</p> <p>3.11 Conclusion 78</p> <p><b>4 Clauses 87</b></p> <p>4.1 Full Clauses: CPs 87</p> <p>4.2 Tense Phrase 94</p> <p>4.3 Conclusion 98</p> <p><b>5 Other Phrases: A First Glance 105</b></p> <p>5.1 Verb Phrases 105</p> <p>5.2 Determiner Phrases 113</p> <p>5.3 Noun Phrases 116</p> <p>5.4 Adjective Phrases 119</p> <p>5.5 Prepositional Phrases 119</p> <p>5.6 Ways to Talk About Tree Geometry 119</p> <p>5.7 Conclusion 120</p> <p><b>6 X-bar Theory and the Format of Lexical Entries 127</b></p> <p>6.1 Review: The Model of Morphology 127</p> <p>6.2 Building a Model of Syntax 129</p> <p>6.3 Headedness 130</p> <p>6.4 Internal Organization of Constituents 131</p> <p>6.5 Some Consequences 134</p> <p>6.6 Cross-categorial Symmetries 137</p> <p>6.7 Subjects Across Categories: Small Clauses 138</p> <p>6.8 Lexical Entries 140</p> <p>6.9 The Projection Principle and Locality 146</p> <p>6.10 Cross-linguistic Variation 149</p> <p>6.11 Conclusion 151</p> <p><b>7 Binding and the Hierarchical Nature of Phrase Structure 157</b></p> <p>7.1 Anaphors 159</p> <p>7.2 Pronouns 169</p> <p>7.3 Non-pronominal Expressions 171</p> <p>7.4 Binding Theory Summarized 172</p> <p>7.5 Small Clauses and Binding Theory 173</p> <p>7.6 Some Issues 174</p> <p>7.7 Cross-linguistic Variation 178</p> <p>7.8 Learning About Binding Relations 181</p> <p>7.9 Conclusion 183</p> <p><b>8 Apparent Violations of Locality of Selection 187</b></p> <p>8.1 Setting the Stage 187</p> <p>8.2 Topicalization: A First Case of Movement 189</p> <p>8.3 Head Movement 191</p> <p>8.4 Detecting Selection 206</p> <p>8.5 Phrasal Movements 210</p> <p>8.6 How Selection Drives Structure Building 221</p> <p>8.7 Addressing some Previous Puzzles 225</p> <p>8.8 Synthesis 226</p> <p>8.9 Terminology and Notation 230</p> <p>8.10 Conclusion 230</p> <p><b>9 Infinitival Complements: Raising and Control 239</b></p> <p>9.1 Subject Control 240</p> <p>9.2 Using the Theory: Control and Binding 244</p> <p>9.3 Interim Summary: Inventory of To-infinitival 248</p> <p>9.4 Raising to Object/ECM and Object Control 249</p> <p>9.5 Conclusion 252</p> <p><b>10 Wh-questions: Wh-movement and Locality 259</b></p> <p>10.1 Introduction 259</p> <p>10.2 The Landing Site or Target Position of Wh-Movement 261</p> <p>10.3 What Wh-movement Moves 263</p> <p>10.4 Locality I: The Problem 266</p> <p>10.5 Locality II: Theory of Constraints 281</p> <p>10.6 Special Cases 293</p> <p>10.7 Conclusion 298</p> <p><b>11 Probing Structures 305</b></p> <p>11.1 Introduction 305</p> <p>11.2 Probing Derived Structures 305</p> <p>11.3 Probing Underlying Structures 312</p> <p>11.4 Probing with Binding 315</p> <p>11.5 Conclusion 324</p> <p><b>12 Inward Bound: Syntax and Morphology Atoms 331</b></p> <p>12.1 The Size of Atoms 332</p> <p>12.2 Head Movement and the Head Movement Constraint 332</p> <p>12.3 Causative Affixes: Syntax or Morphology? 335</p> <p>12.4 VP Shells 339</p> <p>12.5 Ternary Branching 348</p> <p>12.6 Using VP Shells: VP Shells and Adjuncts 357</p> <p>12.7 Terminological Changes 362</p> <p>12.8 Raising to Object 363</p> <p>12.9 The Model of Morphosyntax 364</p> <p>12.10 Conclusion 367<br /><br /></p> <p><b>13 Advanced Binding and Some Binding Typology 377</b></p> <p>13.1 Basics: Reminders 377</p> <p>13.2 Reminder About Principle A 380</p> <p>13.3 Subjects of Tensed Clauses 380</p> <p>13.4 VP shells and the Binding Theory 382</p> <p>13.5 Binding Variation and Typology 387</p> <p>13.6 Conclusion 397</p> <p><b>14 Wh-constructions 403</b></p> <p>14.1 Diagnostic Properties of Wh-movement 403</p> <p>14.2 Relative Clauses 405</p> <p>14.3 Another Case of Null Operator Movement: Tough-Construction 413</p> <p>14.4 Topicalization and Left Dislocation 415</p> <p>14.5 Other Wh-movement Constructions 417</p> <p>14.6 Conclusion 419</p> <p><b>15 Syntactic Processes 421</b></p> <p>15.1 The Language Model: Defining Structure 422</p> <p>15.2 Selection, Movement, Locality 423</p> <p>15.3 Computational Properties of the Model 427</p> <p>15.4 Conclusion 433</p> <p>References 435</p> <p>Index</p>
<p><b>Dominique Sportiche</b> is Professor of Linguistics at the University of California, Los Angeles, École Normale Supérieure in Paris, and Institut Jean Nicod at the Paris Institut d’Étude de la Cognition. Specializing in theoretical syntax, he has published widely on the syntax and the properties of the syntax/semantics interface of English and French.</p> <p><b>Hilda Koopman</b> is Professor of Linguistics at the University of California, Los Angeles. Her theoretical interests include theoretical syntax and morphology and comparative syntax. She has published on a wide range of topics covering many diverse languages. Her work is often based on original fieldwork.</p> <p><b>Edward Stabler</b> is Professor of Linguistics at the University of California, Los Angeles. His specialty is in computational models of human syntactic analysis and learning, and he has published on a wide range of topics in mathematical and computational linguistics.</p>
<p>Over the past several decades, our knowledge of language and sentence structure has increased at a pace unparalleled in the history of linguistics. <i>An Introduction to Syntactic Theory and Analysis</i> provides a general introduction to our current understanding of the rules and principles that govern the syntax of natural languages.</p> <p>Accessible to those with minimal knowledge of current syntactic research, it guides readers through syntactic and morphological structures in a progressive manner. To facilitate comprehension of basic principles and theories, useful ‘Practice’ boxes are included throughout the text, with more advanced concepts in syntactic theory also highlighted throughout. Comprehensive and authoritative, thisintroduction to syntactic theory takes the mystery out of one of the most crucial aspects of the workings of language – the principles and processes behind the structure of sentences.<br /> <br /> </p> <p>Additional resources are available online at <a href="http://www.wiley.com/go/syntacticanalysis">www.wiley.com/go/syntacticanalysis</a></p>
<p>“Three outstanding linguists have combined forces to give us an exceptionally clear step-by-step empirically rich and exercise-rich introduction to the question of how to scientifically study human language morphology and syntax.”<br /> <i>Richard S. Kayne, New York University</i></p> <p>"This is the most thorough and sophisticated introduction to syntax and morphology that I have seen. The authors present the most solid results of the research of the last fifty years, as well as the arguments and the scientific methodology that have been instrumental in achieving them: a unique feature of this introduction, which brings the reader to a very deep level of understanding without assuming any prior knowledge."<br /> <i>Guglielmo Cinque, Ca' Foscari University</i></p> <p>“This terrific textbook presents in depth analyses of linguistic phenomena accompanied by wonderfully crafted problem sets and very useful conceptual comments on the connection between the study of language and other areas of scientific inquiry.”<br /> <i>Danny Fox, Massachusetts Institute of Technology</i></p>

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