Details

Acoustic and Auditory Phonetics


Acoustic and Auditory Phonetics


3. Aufl.

von: Keith Johnson

26,99 €

Verlag: Wiley-Blackwell
Format: PDF
Veröffentl.: 24.06.2011
ISBN/EAN: 9781444343076
Sprache: englisch
Anzahl Seiten: 232

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Beschreibungen

<p><b>Fully revised and expanded, the third edition of <i>Acoustic and Auditory Phonetics</i> maintains a balance of accessibility and scholarly rigor to provide students with a complete introduction to the physics of speech.</b></p> <ul> <li>Newly updated to reflect the latest advances in the field</li> <li>Features a balanced and student-friendly approach to speech, with engaging side-bars on related topics</li> <li>Includes suggested readings and exercises designed to review and expand upon the material in each chapter, complete with selected answers</li> <li>Presents a new chapter on speech perception that addresses theoretical issues as well as practical concerns</li> </ul>
<b>Acknowledgments</b> viii <p><b>Introduction</b> 1</p> <p><b>Part I Fundamentals</b> 5</p> <p><b>1 Basic Acoustics and Acoustic Filters</b> 7</p> <p>1.1 The Sensation of Sound 7</p> <p>1.2 The Propagation of Sound 8</p> <p>1.3 Types of Sounds 11</p> <p><i>1.3.1 Simple periodic waves</i> 11</p> <p><i>1.3.2 Complex periodic waves</i> 12</p> <p><i>1.3.3 Aperiodic waves</i> 17</p> <p>1.4 Acoustic Filters 19</p> <p>Recommended Reading 22</p> <p>Exercises 23</p> <p><b>2 The Acoustic Theory of Speech Production: Deriving Schwa</b> 25</p> <p>2.1 Voicing 25</p> <p>2.2 Voicing Quanta 28</p> <p>2.3 Vocal Tract Filtering 30</p> <p>2.4 Pendulums, Standing Waves, and Vowel Formants 32</p> <p>2.5 Discovering Nodes and Antinodes in an Acoustic Tube 45</p> <p>Recommended Reading 47</p> <p>Exercises 48</p> <p><b>3 Digital Signal Processing</b> 49</p> <p>3.1 Continuous versus Discrete Signals 49</p> <p>3.2 Analog-to-Digital Conversion 50</p> <p><i>3.2.1 Sampling</i> 51</p> <p><i>3.2.2 Quantization</i> 55</p> <p>3.3 Signal Analysis Methods 59</p> <p><i>3.3.1 RMS amplitude</i> 59</p> <p><i>3.3.2 Fast Fourier transform (FFT)</i> 60</p> <p><i>3.3.3 Auto-correlation pitch tracking</i> 64</p> <p><i>3.3.4 Digital filters</i> 68</p> <p><i>3.3.5 Linear predictive coding (LPC)</i> 71</p> <p><i>3.3.6 Spectra and spectrograms</i> 77</p> <p>Recommended Reading 79</p> <p>Exercises 80</p> <p><b>4 Basic Audition</b> 82</p> <p>4.1 Anatomy of the Peripheral Auditory System 82</p> <p>4.2 The Auditory Sensation of Loudness 83</p> <p>4.3 Frequency Response of the Auditory System 88</p> <p>4.4 Saturation and Masking 90</p> <p>4.5 Auditory Representations 93</p> <p>Rcommended Reading 97</p> <p>Exercises 98</p> <p><b>5 Speech Perception</b> 100</p> <p>5.1 Auditory Ability Shapes Speech Perception 101</p> <p>5.2 Phonetic Knowledge Shapes Speech Perception 104</p> <p><i>5.2.1 Categorical perception</i> 104</p> <p><i>5.2.2 Phonetic coherence</i> 109</p> <p>5.3 Linguistic Knowledge Shapes Speech Perception 112</p> <p>5.4 Perceptual Similarity 115</p> <p><i>5.4.1 Maps from distances</i> 116</p> <p><i>5.4.2 The perceptual map of fricatives</i> 119</p> <p>Recommended Reading 124</p> <p>Exercises 126</p> <p><b>Part II Speech Analysis</b> 129</p> <p><b>6 Vowels</b> 131</p> <p>6.1 Tube Models of Vowel Production 131</p> <p>6.2 Perturbation Theory 137</p> <p>6.3 "Preferred" Vowels – Quantal Theory and Adaptive Dispersion 141</p> <p>6.4 Vowel Formants and the Acoustic Vowel Space 142</p> <p>6.5 Auditory and Acoustic Representations of Vowels 144</p> <p>6.6 Cross-linguistic Vowel Perception 146</p> <p>Recommended Reading 149</p> <p>Exercises 150</p> <p><b>7 Fricatives</b> 152</p> <p>7.1 Turbulence 152</p> <p>7.2 Place of Articulation in Fricatives 157</p> <p>7.3 Quantal Theory and Fricatives 159</p> <p>7.4 Fricative Auditory Spectra 162</p> <p>7.5 Dimensions of Fricative Perception 165</p> <p>Recommended Reading 166</p> <p>Exercises 167</p> <p><b>8 Stops and Affricates</b> 169</p> <p>8.1 Source Functions For Stops and Affricates 170</p> <p><i>8.1.1 Phonation types</i> 170</p> <p><i>8.1.2 Sound sources in stops and affricates</i> 172</p> <p>8.2 Vocal Tract Filter Functions in Stops 176</p> <p>8.3 Affricates 179</p> <p>8.4 Auditory Properties of Stops 180</p> <p>8.5 Stop Perception in Different Vowel Contexts 182</p> <p>Recommended Reading 183</p> <p>Exercises 184</p> <p><b>9 Nasals and Laterals</b> 185</p> <p>9.1 Bandwidth 185</p> <p>9.2 Nasal Stops 187</p> <p>9.3 Laterals 196</p> <p>9.4 Nasalization 198</p> <p>9.5 Nasal Consonant Perception 202</p> <p>Recommended Reading 204</p> <p>Exercises 205</p> <p><b>References</b> 206</p> <p><b>Answers to Selected Short-answer Questions</b> 212</p> <p><b>Index</b> 218</p>
"Looking to offer a balanced, student-friendly approach to speech, with lively sidebars on related topics, this updated edition is intended to reflect the latest advances in the field." (Times Higher Education Supplement {Texbook Guide}, 3 November 2011) <p> </p>
<b>Keith Johnson</b> is Professor of Linguistics at the University of California, Berkeley. He is also the author of <i>Quantitative Methods in Linguistics</i>, and the 6th edition of Peter Ladefoged's <i>A Course in Phonetics</i><i>.</i>
The third edition of Keith Johnson's student-friendly and widely acclaimed introduction to phonetics and speech sciences is fully revised and expanded to reflect the latest advances in this rapidly developing field. Maintaining its unmatched balance of accessibility and scholarly rigor, the new edition of <i>Acoustic and Auditory Phonetics</i> provides students with a complete introduction to the physics of speech, enabling them to emerge with a clear conceptual understanding of speech sounds. <p>Johnson addresses the human auditory system, the main digital signal processing techniques used in phonetics, and new to the third edition, the theoretical issues as well as the practical concerns involved in speech perception. The most accessible introduction to the physics of speech available today, <i>Acoustic and Auditory Phonetics</i> includes suggested readings, engaging side-bars on related topics, and exercises designed to review and expand upon the material in each chapter, complete with selected answers.</p>

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