Details

A Fishery Manager's Guidebook

2. Aufl.

von: Kevern L. Cochrane, Serge M. Garcia
188,99 €
Verlag:	Wiley-Blackwell
Format:	PDF
Veröffentl.:	15.07.2009
ISBN/EAN:	9781444316322
Sprache:	englisch
Anzahl Seiten:	536

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Beschreibungen

Titelbeschreibung

Co-published with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Fisheries management is the process that has evolved to try to ensure that fisheries operate in a manner that provides the immediate benefits in a sustainable manner. The widely accepted goal is that the full range of benefits should not only be available for this generation but for generations to come. Fisheries management has been successful in some cases but there have also been many, many cases of failure. This volume is intended to contribute to improving this unsatisfactory state by addressing the widespread need for information and guidance on the broad and often complex task of fisheries management. It is an updated and expanded edition of the first version of "A fishery manager's guidebook" which was published as a FAO Fisheries Technical Paper in 2002. The major part of this new edition is divided into five parts intended to cover the range of concerns, tools and techniques essential to the modern fisheries manager, whether that manager is an individual or a formal or informal group. Following the Introduction: <ul> <li>Part I examines the primary dimensions of fisheries: biological, ecological, social and economic</li> <li>Part II looks at the legal and institutional characteristics of fisheries</li> <li>Part III explores the tools that fishery managers have to achieve the objectives expected from a fishery</li> <li>Part IV discusses the role of scientific information of indicators and reference points</li> <li>Part V moves into implementation of fisheries management and includes a chapter on special considerations in small-scale fisheries</li> </ul> This landmark publication is aimed at fishery managers and scientists. All libraries in research establishments and universities where fisheries and aquatic sciences are studied and taught will need copies of this important volume. Fisheries around the world make essential contributions to human well-being including the provision of basic food supplies, employment, recreational opportunities, foreign currency and others, providing benefits to hundreds of millions of people. Despite these benefits, our record of managing fisheries so that the benefits can be sustained has been poor, at best, and most fisheries around the world are experiencing serious ecological, social or economic problems and usually all three. Today there is global concern about the state of fishery resources and aquatic ecosystems, their resilience to future stresses such as climate change and their ability to continue to provide benefits.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Contributors xi Preface xiii List of Acronyms xv Chapter 1 Introduction – Fisheries Management 1 Kevern L. Cochrane and Serge Michel Garcia 1.1 Why do we need this handbook? 1 1.2 What is fisheries management? 2 1.3 The fisheries manager 4 1.4 Fisheries management and fisheries governance 6 1.5 Some working principles for fisheries management 6 1.6 An objective-driven process 7 1.7 Management plans, measures and strategies 9 1.8 The structure of this guidebook 10 Sources and recommended reading 16 Part I The Primary Dimensions of Fisheries Chapter 2 Biology and Ecology Considerations for the Fishery Manager 21 Yvonne Sadovy de Mitcheson 2.1 Introduction 21 2.2 Why marine resource managers need to know about biology and ecology 24 2.3 What managers need to know about biology and ecology 25 2.4 Emerging issues 45 2.5 Concluding comments 50 Acknowledgements 50 Sources and recommended reading 50 Web resources 51 Chapter 3 Social Aspects of Fisheries Management 52 Fikret Berkes 3.1 Introduction 52 3.2 Dealing with the ‘tragedy of the commons’ 53 3.3 Changing perspectives on resource management 57 3.4 Fisheries as linked social–ecological systems 58 3.5 Why broaden management objectives? 60 3.6 Is fishers’ knowledge relevant to management? 63 3.7 Why are institutions important? 65 3.8 The broader issues of fisheries governance 67 3.9 Synthesis and outlook 69 Acknowledgements 73 Sources and recommended reading 73 Web resources 74 Chapter 4 Economic Principles: An Economic Perspective on Fishing 75 Arne Eide 4.1 An economic approach to fisheries 75 4.2 Bioeconomic reasoning and reference equilibriums 83 4.3 An economic perspective on fisheries regulations 90 4.4 Fisheries development 96 4.5 Synthesis 100 Sources and recommended reading 101 Part II Legal and Institutional Considerations Chapter 5 Legal Aspects 105 Blaise Kuemlangan 5.1 Introduction 105 5.2 Fisheries law 107 5.3 Fisheries management regime in the legal framework 114 5.4 Monitoring, control and surveillance 123 5.5 Significant issues and their legal aspects 128 5.6 Law review and the manager 131 5.7 Synthesis and outlook 132 Sources and recommended reading 133 Web resources 134 Chapter 6 The Fishery Management Institutions 135 François Feral 6.1 Introduction 135 6.2 The manager in the institutional environment 136 6.3 Institutional environment and decision-making 146 6.4 Synthesis 160 Sources and recommended reading 161 Additional reading 162 Web resources 163 Part III Management Measures and Tools Chapter 7 Regulation of Fishing Gears and Methods 167 Åsmund Bjordal 7.1 Introduction 167 7.2 Fishing gears 168 7.3 Passive fishing gears 168 7.4 Active fishing gears 176 7.5 Gear selectivity and ecosystem effects of fishing 183 7.6 Management considerations: selectivity and other ecosystem effects of fishing 192 7.7 Synthesis and outlook 193 Sources and recommended reading 194 Chapter 8 Area and Time Restrictions 196 Stephen J. Hall 8.1 What are area and time restrictions? 196 8.2 Why would you establish area or time restrictions? 197 8.3 What are the advantages and disadvantages of area and time restrictions? 202 8.4 Case studies 204 8.5 What are the practical steps towards establishing time and area restrictions? 211 8.6 Synthesis and outlook 217 Sources and recommended reading 218 Chapter 9 Input and Output Controls: The Practice of Fishing Effort and Catch Management in Responsible Fisheries 220 John G. Pope 9.1 Introduction 220 9.2 What are input and output controls? 222 9.3 Why would you want to use effort or catch management? 223 9.4 How would you impose fishing effort management and catch management? 225 9.5 What structures do you need for effort and catch management? 236 9.6 What problems exist with the application of effort management and catch management and how might they be circumvented? 239 9.7 Where can you see examples of effort management and catch management in action? 247 9.8 Synthesis and outlook 249 Sources and recommended reading and web resources 250 Chapter 10 Rights-Based Fisheries Management: The Role of Use Rights in Managing Access and Harvesting 253 Anthony Charles 10.1 What is rights-based fishery management? 253 10.2 Why are use rights relevant to fishery management? 258 10.3 What initial considerations arise with use rights? 260 10.4 What forms of use rights are there? 262 10.5 What implementation decisions arise with use rights? 269 10.6 Synthesis 278 Acknowledgments 280 Sources and recommended reading 280 Chapter 11 Partnerships in Management 283 Evelyn Pinkerton 11.1 Introduction – partnerships solve problems, but are little known by managers 283 11.2 Partnerships of small and large scope 284 11.3 Partnerships of small and large scale 287 11.4 Partnerships with dual or multiple parties 289 11.5 Partnerships with different levels of community empowerment: accountability 291 11.6 Unusual partnerships solving particular equity problems: linking offshore fisheries to coastal communities 292 11.7 Power differentials of diverse actors on regional boards 294 11.8 Conditions for effective partnerships 296 11.9 Community partners may add value to the resource 297 11.10 Conclusion 298 Acknowledgements 298 Sources and recommended reading 298 Part IV Scientific Information and Advice Chapter 12 Which Indicators for What Management? The Challenge of Connecting Offer and Demand of Indicators 303 Serge Michel Garcia, Hélène Rey-Valette, and Clotilde Bodiguel 12.1 Introduction 303 12.2 Evolution of the demand 304 12.3 Development of a system of indicators 306 12.4 Typology of indicators 314 12.5 Main issues and challenges 322 12.6 Synthesis 328 Sources and recommended reading 328 Web resources 332 Chapter 13 The Use of Scientific Information 336 Kevern L. Cochrane 13.1 Why and when are data and information needed in fisheries management? 336 13.2 Types of knowledge and the role of the scientist 341 13.3 Uncertainty and the precautionary approach 343 13.4 What tools can be used to generate information to advise management? 347 13.5 Scientific advice for management 353 13.6 Using the knowledge in decision-making 362 13.7 Presenting information to decision-makers 363 13.8 Adaptive management 366 13.9 Synthesis and outlook 367 Sources and recommended reading 368 Part V Implementation Chapter 14 Fishery Monitoring, Control and Surveillance 373 Per Erik Bergh and Sandy Davies 14.1 Introduction 373 14.2 The MCS solution 376 14.3 Core components 384 14.4 Facilitating for MCS 391 14.5 System performance and planning 395 14.6 Synthesis and outlook 399 Sources and recommended reading 401 Web resources 403 Chapter 15 Special Considerations for Small-Scale Fisheries Management in Developing Countries 404 John Kurien and Rolf Willmann 15.1 Why small-scale fisheries need special consideration 404 15.2 Characterizing small-scale fisheries 405 15.3 A vision for small-scale fisheries 406 15.4 Substantive contribution of small-scale fisheries 407 15.5 Management objectives for small-scale fisheries 410 15.6 Management approaches for small-scale fisheries 410 15.7 Institutional arrangements for small-scale fisheries 413 15.8 Making a management plan for a small-scale fishery 414 15.9 Implementation of small-scale fisheries management 416 15.10 Capacity building for small-scale fisheries management 418 15.11 Emerging issues 419 Sources and recommended reading 421 Chapter 16 Fisheries Management Plans 425 David J. Die 16.1 Introduction 425 16.2 Designing a management plan 426 16.3 Implementation of management plans 431 16.4 Reviewing and amending management plans 431 16.5 FMP within the context of the EAF 433 16.6 Examples of management plans 436 16.7 Synthesis and emerging issues 442 Sources and recommended reading 443 Web resources 444 Part VI Conclusions Chapter 17 From Past Management to Future Governance: A Perspective View 447 Serge Michel Garcia and Kevern L. Cochrane 17.1 Introduction 447 17.2 Historical trends 448 17.3 Emerging practices 452 17.4 The future of fishery governance 467 Sources and recommended reading 471 Glossary 473 Index 507 Colour plate section follows page 302

Rezension

"A practical guide to the concerns, tools, and techniques essential to modern fisheries management. … Should be in the libraries of any research establishment and university where fisheries and aquatic sciences are studied and taught." (Book News, December 2009)

Autorenportrait

Kevern L. Cochrane is Chief, Fisheries Management and Conservation Service of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy. Serge M. Garcia is the former Director of the Fisheries and Aquaculture Management Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy.