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A Companion to Relativism


A Companion to Relativism


Blackwell Companions to Philosophy 1. Aufl.

von: Steven D. Hales

35,99 €

Verlag: Wiley-Blackwell
Format: EPUB
Veröffentl.: 21.03.2011
ISBN/EAN: 9781444392487
Sprache: englisch
Anzahl Seiten: 648

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Beschreibungen

<i>A Companion to Relativism</i> presents original contributions from leading scholars that address the latest thinking on the role of relativism in the philosophy of language, epistemology, ethics, philosophy of science, logic, and metaphysics. <ul> <li>Features original contributions from many of the leading figures working on various aspects of relativism</li> <li>Presents a substantial, broad range of current thinking about relativism</li> <li>Addresses relativism from many of the major subfields of philosophy, including philosophy of language, epistemology, ethics, philosophy of science, logic, and metaphysics</li> </ul>
<p><i>Notes on Contributors viii</i></p> <p><i>Acknowledgments xi</i></p> <p><i>Introduction 1</i></p> <p><b>Part I Characterizing Relativism 9</b></p> <p>1 Global Relativism and Self-Refutation 11<br /> <i>Max Kölbel</i></p> <p>2 Relativism Requires Alternatives, Not Disagreement or Relative Truth 31<br /> <i>Carol Rovane</i></p> <p>3 Three Kinds of Relativism 53<br /> <i>Paul Boghossian</i></p> <p>4 Varieties of Relativism and the Reach of Reasons 70<br /> <i>Michael Krausz</i></p> <p><b>Part II Truth and Language 85</b></p> <p>5 Truth Relativism and Truth Pluralism 87<br /> <i>Michael P. Lynch</i></p> <p>6 The Many Relativisms: Index, Context, and Beyond 102<br /> <i>Dan López de Sa</i></p> <p>7 Variation in Intuitions about Reference and Ontological Disagreements 118<br /> <i>Edouard Machery</i></p> <p>8 Centered Worlds and the Content of Perception 137<br /> <i>Berit Brogaard</i></p> <p>9 Conceptual Relativism 159<br /> <i>Kenneth A. Taylor</i></p> <p>10 The Limits of Relativism in the Late Wittgenstein 179<br /> <i>Patricia Hanna and Bernard Harrison</i></p> <p><b>Part III Epistemic Relativism 199</b></p> <p>11 Epistemological Relativism: Arguments Pro and Con 201<br /> <i>Harvey Siegel</i></p> <p>12 Relativism About Epistemic Modals 219<br /> <i>Andy Egan</i></p> <p>13 Relativism and Confi rmation Theory 242<br /> <i>Igor Douven</i></p> <p>14 Epistemic Relativism, Epistemic Incommensurability, and Wittgensteinian Epistemology 266<br /> <i>Duncan Pritchard</i></p> <p>15 Relativism and Contextualism 286<br /> <i>Patrick Rysiew</i></p> <p><b>Part IV Moral Relativism 307</b></p> <p>16 Relativism in Contemporary Liberal Political Philosophy 309<br /> <i>Graham M. Long</i></p> <p>17 Secularism, Liberalism, and Relativism 326<br /> <i>Akeel Bilgrami</i></p> <p>18 Moral Relativism and Moral Psychology 346<br /> <i>Christian B. Miller</i></p> <p>19 Bare Bones Moral Realism and the Objections from Relativism 368<br /> <i>Mark Balaguer</i></p> <p>20 Virtue Ethics and Moral Relativism 391<br /> <i>Christopher W. Gowans</i></p> <p>21 Relativist Explanations of Interpersonal and Group Disagreement 411<br /> <i>David B. Wong</i></p> <p><b>Part V Relativism in the Philosophy of Science 431</b></p> <p>22 Relativism and the Sociology of Scientifi c Knowledge 433<br /> <i>David Bloor</i></p> <p>23 Incommensurability and Theory Change 456<br /> <i>Howard Sankey</i></p> <p>24 Thomas Kuhn’s Relativistic Legacy 475<br /> <i>Alexander Bird</i></p> <p>25 Anti-Realism and Relativism 489<br /> <i>Christopher Norris</i></p> <p><b>Part VI Logical, Mathematical, and Ontological Relativism 509</b></p> <p>26 Horror Contradictionis 511<br /> <i>Johan Van Benthem</i></p> <p>27 Varieties of Pluralism and Relativism for Logic 526<br /> <i>Stewart Shapiro</i></p> <p>28 Relativism in Set Theory and Mathematics 553<br /> <i>Otávio Bueno</i></p> <p>29 Putnam’s Model-Theoretic Argument 569<br /> <i>Maximilian de Gaynesford</i></p> <p>30 Quine’s Ontological Relativity 588<br /> <i>Gary L. Hardcastle</i></p> <p>31 Carving Up a Reality in Which There are no Joints 604<br /> <i>Crawford L. Elder</i></p> <p><i>Index 621</i></p>
<b>Steven D. Hales</b> is Professor of Philosophy at Bloomsburg University, Pennsylvania. He is the author of <i>Relativism and the Foundations of Philosophy</i> (2006) and the co-author of <i>Nietzsche’s Perspectivism</i> (2000). He was recently Visiting Professorial Fellow at the Institute of Philosophy, School for Advanced Study, University of London, and is the author of numerous articles on relativism in journals such as Mind, Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, and Synthese.
Relativism is one of philosophy's oldest -- and most polarizing -- concepts. It has captivated thinkers since the days of Protagoras (who supported the notion) and Plato (who did not). Relativism is assailed by popes as leading people away from absolute religious truths, and blamed by social commentators for many of society’s ills. With a few notable exceptions, 20th-century philosophers grew to dismiss relativism as an obviously mistaken or even self-refuting concept. <p>But in the past decade, even its staunchest philosophical critics have come to realize that relativism is a legitimate option for explaining a variety of phenomena, including faultless disagreement, the utility of alternative logics, varieties of cross-cultural moralities, and differing ontological conceptual schemes. Reflecting this overdue reappraisal, <i>A Companion to Relativism</i> presents the latest thinking on the role of relativism in the philosophy of language, epistemology, ethics, philosophy of science, logic, and metaphysics. Original contributions to this volume feature cutting edge thinking from a variety of eminent scholars who approach relativism from various perspectives and philosophical subfields.</p>
"A survey of relativist ideas in all areas of philosophy, by an impressive line-up of contributors well-versed in the debates behind their current revival."<br /> —<b>François Recanati</b>, Institut Jean-Nicod, Paris <p>"Himself a substantial contributor to the area, Steve Hales has now put together an excellent companion for those who wish to enter it. The topography is highly varied, and this resource maps it all with high definition."<br /> —<b>Ernest Sosa</b>, Rutgers University</p>

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