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Heterogeneous Catalysts


Heterogeneous Catalysts

Advanced Design, Characterization, and Applications, 2 Volumes
1. Aufl.

von: Wey Yang Teoh, Atsushi Urakawa, Yun Hau Ng, Patrick Sit

282,99 €

Verlag: Wiley-VCH (D)
Format: PDF
Veröffentl.: 23.02.2021
ISBN/EAN: 9783527813568
Sprache: englisch
Anzahl Seiten: 768

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Beschreibungen

<p><b>Presents state-of-the-art knowledge of heterogeneous catalysts including new applications in energy and environmental fields</b></p> <p>This book focuses on emerging techniques in heterogeneous catalysis, from new methodology for catalysts design and synthesis, surface studies and operando spectroscopies, ab initio techniques, to critical catalytic systems as relevant to energy and the environment. It provides the vision of addressing the foreseeable knowledge gap unfilled by classical knowledge in the field.</p> <p><i>Heterogeneous Catalysts: Advanced Design, Characterization and Applications</i> begins with an overview on the evolution in catalysts synthesis and introduces readers to facets engineering on catalysts; electrochemical synthesis of nanostructured catalytic thin films; and bandgap engineering of semiconductor photocatalysts. Next, it examines how we are gaining a more precise understanding of catalytic events and materials under working conditions. It covers bridging pressure gap in surface catalytic studies; tomography in catalysts design; and resolving catalyst performance at nanoscale via fluorescence microscopy. Quantum approaches to predicting molecular reactions on catalytic surfaces follows that, along with chapters on Density Functional Theory in heterogeneous catalysis; first principles simulation of electrified interfaces in electrochemistry; and high-throughput computational design of novel catalytic materials. The book also discusses embracing the energy and environmental challenges of the 21st century through heterogeneous catalysis and much more.</p> <ul> <li>Presents recent developments in heterogeneous catalysis with emphasis on new fundamentals and emerging techniques</li> <li>Offers a comprehensive look at the important aspects of heterogeneous catalysis</li> <li>Provides an applications-oriented, bottoms-up approach to a high-interest subject that plays a vital role in industry and is widely applied in areas related to energy and environment</li> </ul> <p><i>Heterogeneous Catalysts: Advanced Design, Characterization and Applications</i> is an important book for catalytic chemists, materials scientists, surface chemists, physical chemists, inorganic chemists, chemical engineers, and other professionals working in the chemical industry.</p>
<p><b>Volume 1</b></p> <p>Preface xv</p> <p><b>Section I Heterogeneous Catalysts Design and Synthesis 1</b></p> <p><b>1 Evolution of Catalysts Design and Synthesis: From Bulk Metal Catalysts to Fine Wires and Gauzes, and that to Nanoparticle Deposits, Metal Clusters, and Single Atoms 3</b><br /><i>Wey Yang Teoh</i></p> <p>1.1 The Cradle of Modern Heterogeneous Catalysts 3</p> <p>1.2 The Game Changer: High-Pressure Catalytic Reactions 5</p> <p>1.3 Catalytic Cracking and Porous Catalysts 8</p> <p>1.4 Miniaturization of Metal Catalysts: From Supported Catalysts to Single-Atom Sites 12</p> <p>1.5 Perspectives and Opportunities 15</p> <p>References 16</p> <p><b>2 Facets Engineering on Catalysts 21</b><br /><i>Jian (Jeffery) Pan</i></p> <p>2.1 Introduction 21</p> <p>2.2 Mechanisms of Facets Engineering 22</p> <p>2.3 Anisotropic Properties of Crystal Facets 27</p> <p>2.3.1 Anisotropic Adsorption 27</p> <p>2.3.2 Surface Electronic Structure 28</p> <p>2.3.3 Surface Electric Field 29</p> <p>2.4 Effects of Facets Engineering 32</p> <p>2.4.1 Optical Properties 32</p> <p>2.4.2 Activity and Selectivity 33</p> <p>2.5 Outlook 34</p> <p>References 35</p> <p><b>3 Electrochemical Synthesis of Nanostructured Catalytic Thin Films 39</b><br /><i>Hoi Ying Chung and Yun Hau Ng</i></p> <p>3.1 Introduction 39</p> <p>3.2 Principle of Electrochemical Method in Fabricating Thin Film 40</p> <p>3.2.1 Anodization 42</p> <p>3.2.1.1 Pulse or Step Anodization 45</p> <p>3.2.2 Cathodic Electrodeposition 46</p> <p>3.2.2.1 Pulse Electrodeposition 47</p> <p>3.2.3 Electrophoretic Deposition 48</p> <p>3.2.4 Combinatory Methods Involving Electrochemical Process 50</p> <p>3.2.4.1 Combined Electrophoretic Deposition–Anodization (CEPDA) Approach 51</p> <p>3.3 Conclusions and Perspective 52</p> <p>References 53</p> <p><b>4 Synthesis and Design of Carbon-Supported Highly Dispersed Metal Catalysts 57</b><br /><i>Enrique García-Bordejé</i></p> <p>4.1 Introduction 57</p> <p>4.2 Preparation of Catalysts on New Carbon Supports 58</p> <p>4.2.1 Catalyst on Graphene Oxide 59</p> <p>4.2.2 Catalyst on Graphene 60</p> <p>4.2.2.1 Graphene or rGO as Starting Material 60</p> <p>4.2.2.2 Graphene Oxide as Precursor of Graphene-Supported Catalyst 61</p> <p>4.2.2.3 Graphene Derivatives: Doped Graphene and Synthetic Derivatives 62</p> <p>4.2.3 Catalyst on Nanodiamonds and Onion-Like Carbon 63</p> <p>4.2.4 SACs on Carbon Nitrides and Covalent Triazine Frameworks 67</p> <p>4.2.5 Catalyst on Carbon Material from Hydrothermal Carbonization of Biomolecules 68</p> <p>4.3 Emerging Techniques for Carbon-Based Catalyst Synthesis 69</p> <p>4.3.1 Deposition of Colloidal Nanoparticles 70</p> <p>4.3.2 Single-Metal Atom Deposition byWet Chemistry 71</p> <p>4.3.3 Immobilization of Metal Clusters and SACs by Organometallic Approach 71</p> <p>4.3.4 Chemical Vapor Deposition Techniques on Carbon Supports 72</p> <p>4.3.5 Simultaneous Formation of Metallic Catalyst and Porous Carbon Support by Pyrolysis 73</p> <p>4.3.6 Dry Mechanical Methods 73</p> <p>4.3.7 Electrodeposition 73</p> <p>4.3.8 Photodeposition 74</p> <p>4.4 Conclusions and Outlook 74</p> <p>References 75</p> <p><b>5 Metal Cluster-Based Catalysts 79</b><br /><i>Vladimir B. Golovko</i></p> <p>5.1 Introduction 79</p> <p>5.2 Catalysts Made by Deposition of Clusters from the Gas Phase Under Ultrahigh Vacuum 81</p> <p>5.3 Chemically Synthesized Metal Clusters 85</p> <p>5.4 Catalysis Using the Chemically Synthesized Metal Clusters 88</p> <p>5.5 Conclusion 95</p> <p>References 96</p> <p><b>6 Single-Atom Heterogeneous Catalysts 103</b><br /><i>Yaxin Chen, ZhenMa, and Xingfu Tang</i></p> <p>6.1 Introduction 103</p> <p>6.2 Concept and Advantages of SACs 104</p> <p>6.2.1 Concept of SACs 104</p> <p>6.2.2 Advantages of SACs 105</p> <p>6.2.2.1 Maximum Atom Efficiency 105</p> <p>6.2.2.2 Unique Catalytic Properties 105</p> <p>6.2.2.3 Identification of Catalytically Active Sites 105</p> <p>6.2.2.4 Establishment of Intrinsic Reaction Mechanisms 106</p> <p>6.3 Synthesis of SACs 107</p> <p>6.3.1 Physical Methods 108</p> <p>6.3.2 Chemical Methods 108</p> <p>6.3.2.1 Bottom-Up SyntheticMethods 109</p> <p>6.3.2.2 Top-Down SyntheticMethods 112</p> <p>6.4 Challenges and Perspective 113</p> <p>References 114</p> <p><b>7 Synthesis Strategies for Hierarchical Zeolites 119</b><br /><i>Xicheng Jia, Changbum Jo, and Alex C.K. Yip</i></p> <p>7.1 Introduction 119</p> <p>7.2 Hierarchical Zeolites 122</p> <p>7.2.1 Increased Intracrystalline Diffusion 123</p> <p>7.2.2 Reduced Steric Limitation 123</p> <p>7.2.3 Changed Product Selectivity 124</p> <p>7.2.4 Decreased Coke Formation 124</p> <p>7.3 Modern Strategies for the Synthesis of Hierarchical Zeolites 124</p> <p>7.3.1 Hard Templates 124</p> <p>7.3.1.1 Confined-Space Method 125</p> <p>7.3.1.2 Carbon Nanotubes and Nanofibers 127</p> <p>7.3.1.3 Ordered Mesoporous Carbons 128</p> <p>7.3.2 Soft Templates 130</p> <p>7.3.2.1 Templating with Surfactants 130</p> <p>7.3.2.2 Silanization TemplatingMethods 135</p> <p>7.3.3 Dealumination 136</p> <p>7.3.4 Desilication 138</p> <p>7.4 Conclusion 140</p> <p>References 141</p> <p><b>8 Design of Molecular Heterogeneous Catalysts with Metal–Organic Frameworks 147</b><br /><i>Marco Ranocchiari</i></p> <p>8.1 Secondary Building Units (SBUs) and IsoreticularMOFs 151</p> <p>8.2 The Tools to Build Molecular Active Sites: Reticular Chemistry and Beyond 152</p> <p>8.2.1 Pre-synthetic Methodologies 153</p> <p>8.2.2 Post-synthetic Methodologies 155</p> <p>8.2.2.1 Post-synthetic Modification (PSM) 155</p> <p>8.2.2.2 Post-synthetic Exchange (PSE) 156</p> <p>8.3 MOFs in Catalysis 156</p> <p>8.3.1 The Difference Between MOFs and Standard Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Catalysts 157</p> <p>8.4 Conclusion: Where to Go from Here 158</p> <p>References 158</p> <p><b>9 Hierarchical and Anisotropic Nanostructured Catalysts 161</b><br /><i>Hamidreza Arandiyan, YuanWang, Christopher M.A. Parlett, and Adam Lee</i></p> <p>9.1 Introduction 161</p> <p>9.2 Top-Down vs. Bottom-Up Approaches 162</p> <p>9.3 Shape Anisotropy and Nanostructured Assemblies 162</p> <p>9.4 Janus Nanostructures 165</p> <p>9.5 Hierarchical Porous Catalysts 169</p> <p>9.6 Functionalization of Porous/Anisotropic Substrates 170</p> <p>9.7 Perspective 174</p> <p>References 176</p> <p><b>10 Flame Synthesis of Simple and Multielemental Oxide Catalysts 183</b><br /><i>Wey Yang Teoh</i></p> <p>10.1 From Natural Aerosols Formation to Engineered Nanoparticles 183</p> <p>10.2 Flame Aerosol Synthesis and Reactors 185</p> <p>10.3 Simple Metal Oxide-Based Catalysts 189</p> <p>10.4 Multielemental Oxide-Based Catalysts 192</p> <p>10.4.1 Solid Solution Metal Oxide Catalysts 192</p> <p>10.4.2 Composite Metal Oxide Catalysts 192</p> <p>10.4.3 Complex Metal Oxide Catalysts 197</p> <p>10.5 Perspective and Outlook 197</p> <p>References 199</p> <p><b>11 Band Engineering of Semiconductors Toward Visible-Light-Responsive Photocatalysts 203</b><br /><i>Akihide Iwase</i></p> <p>11.1 Basis of Photocatalyst Materials 203</p> <p>11.2 Photocatalyst Material Groups 204</p> <p>11.2.1 Variety of Photocatalyst Materials 204</p> <p>11.2.2 Main Constituent Metal Elements in Photocatalyst Materials 205</p> <p>11.3 Design of Band Structures of Photocatalyst Materials 206</p> <p>11.3.1 Doped Photocatalysts 206</p> <p>11.3.2 Valence-Band-Controlled Photocatalysts 208</p> <p>11.3.3 Solid Solution Photocatalysts 209</p> <p>11.4 Preparation of Photocatalysts 210</p> <p>11.4.1 Solid-State Reaction Method 211</p> <p>11.4.2 Flux Method 211</p> <p>11.4.3 Hydrothermal Synthesis Method/Solvothermal Synthesis Method 211</p> <p>11.4.4 Polymerized (Polymerizable) Complex Method 211</p> <p>11.4.5 PrecipitationMethod 212</p> <p>11.4.6 Loading of Cocatalysts 212</p> <p>References 212</p> <p><b>Section II Surface Studies and Operando Spectroscopies in Heterogeneous Catalysis 215</b></p> <p><b>12 Toward Precise Understanding of Catalytic Events and Materials Under Working Conditions 217</b><br /><i>Atsushi Urakawa</i></p> <p>References 220</p> <p><b>13 Pressure Gaps in Heterogeneous Catalysis 225</b><br /><i>Lars Österlund</i></p> <p>13.1 Introduction 225</p> <p>13.2 High-Pressure Studies of Catalysts 226</p> <p>13.3 Adsorption on Solid Surfaces at Low and High Pressures 229</p> <p>13.3.1 Kinetically Restricted Adsorbate Structures 229</p> <p>13.3.2 Thermodynamically Driven Reactions on Solid Surfaces 234</p> <p>13.3.3 Reactions on Supported Nanoparticle Catalysts 244</p> <p>13.4 Conclusions and Outlook 246</p> <p>Acknowledgments 247</p> <p>References 247</p> <p><b>14 </b><b><i>In Situ </i></b><b>Transmission Electron Microscopy Observation of Gas/Solid and Liquid/Solid Interfaces 253</b><br /><i>Ayako Hashimoto</i></p> <p>14.1 Introduction 253</p> <p>14.2 Observation in Gas and Liquid Phases 254</p> <p>14.2.1 Window-Type System 254</p> <p>14.2.2 Differential Pumping-Type System 256</p> <p>14.2.3 Other Systems 257</p> <p>14.3 Applications and Outlook 259</p> <p>References 261</p> <p><b>15 Tomography in Catalyst Design 263</b><br /><i>Dorota Matras, Jay Pritchard, Antonios Vamvakeros, Simon D.M. Jacques, and Andrew M. Beale</i></p> <p>15.1 Introduction 263</p> <p>15.2 Imaging with X-Rays 264</p> <p>15.3 Conventional Absorption CT to Study Catalytic Materials 265</p> <p>15.4 X-Ray Diffraction Computed Tomography (XRD-CT) 267</p> <p>15.5 Pair Distribution Function CT 269</p> <p>15.6 Multimodal XANES-CT, XRD-CT, and XRF-CT 270</p> <p>15.7 Atom Probe Tomography 272</p> <p>15.8 Ptychographic X-Ray CT 273</p> <p>15.9 Conclusions 274</p> <p>References 275</p> <p><b>16 Resolving Catalyst Performance at Nanoscale via Fluorescence </b><b>Microscopy 279</b><br /><i>Alexey Kubarev and Maarten Roeffaers</i></p> <p>16.1 Fluorescence Microscopy as Catalyst Characterization Tool 279</p> <p>16.2 Basics of Fluorescence and Fluorescence Microscopy 280</p> <p>16.3 Strategies to Resolve Catalytic Processes in a Fluorescence Microscope 283</p> <p>16.4 Wide-Field and Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy 284</p> <p>16.5 Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy 285</p> <p>16.6 What Can We Learn About Catalysts from (Super-resolution) Fluorescence Microscopy: Case Studies 286</p> <p>16.7 Conclusions and Outlook 291</p> <p>References 292</p> <p><b>17 </b><b><i>In Situ </i></b><b>Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Catalysis 295</b><br /><i>Yiyun Liu and RyanWang</i></p> <p>17.1 Introduction 295</p> <p>17.2 Basic Principles of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) 296</p> <p>17.3 Experimental Methods and Setup for <i>In Situ </i>cw-EPR 298</p> <p>17.4 Applications of <i>In Situ </i>EPR Spectroscopy 302</p> <p>17.4.1 Cu-Zeolite Systems 303</p> <p>17.4.2 Radicals and Radical Ions 305</p> <p>17.5 Conclusions 306</p> <p>References 307</p> <p><b>18 Toward </b><b><i>Operando </i></b><b>Infrared Spectroscopy of Heterogeneous Catalysts 311</b><br /><i>Davide Ferri</i></p> <p>18.1 Brief Theory on Infrared Spectroscopy 311</p> <p>18.2 Different Modes of IR Measurements 314</p> <p>18.3 Measuring the “Background” 318</p> <p>18.4 Using Probe Molecules to Identify Heterogeneous Sites 320</p> <p>18.5 IR Measurements Under <i>Operando </i>Conditions 325</p> <p>18.6 Case Studies of <i>Operando </i>IR Spectroscopy 328</p> <p>18.6.1 Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO by NH<sub>3</sub> Measured Using <i>Operando </i>Transmission IR 328</p> <p>18.6.2 Methanation of CO<sub>2</sub> Measured Using <i>Operando </i>DRIFTS 329</p> <p>18.6.3 Selective Oxidation of Alcohols Measured Using <i>Operando </i>ATR-IR 331</p> <p>18.7 Perspective and Outlook 333</p> <p>References 334</p> <p><b>19 </b><b><i>Operando </i></b><b>X-Ray Spectroscopies on Catalysts in Action 339</b><br /><i>Olga V. Safonova and Maarten Nachtegaal</i></p> <p>19.1 Fundamentals of X-Ray Spectroscopy 339</p> <p>19.2 X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy Methods 342</p> <p>19.3 High-Energy-Resolution (Resonant) X-Ray Emission Spectroscopy 347</p> <p>19.4 <i>In Situ </i>and <i>Operando </i>Cells 351</p> <p>19.5 Application of Time-Resolved Methods 353</p> <p>19.6 Limitations and Challenges 356</p> <p>19.7 Concluding Remarks 357</p> <p>References 358</p> <p><b>20 Methodologies to Hunt Active Sites and Active Species 363</b><br /><i>Atsushi Urakawa</i></p> <p>20.1 Introduction 363</p> <p>20.2 Modulation Excitation Technique 365</p> <p>20.3 Steady-State Isotopic Transient Kinetic Analysis (SSITKA) 369</p> <p>20.4 Multivariate Analysis 371</p> <p>20.5 Outlook 373</p> <p>References 373</p> <p><b>21 Ultrafast Spectroscopic Techniques in Photocatalysis 377</b><br /><i>Chun Hong Mak, Rugeng Liu, and Hsien-Yi Hsu</i></p> <p>21.1 Transient Absorption Spectroscopy 377</p> <p>21.1.1 Introduction 377</p> <p>21.1.2 Conventional Heterogeneous Photocatalyst 380</p> <p>21.1.3 Dye-Sensitized Heterogeneous Photocatalyst 384</p> <p>21.2 Time-Resolved Photoluminescence 386</p> <p>21.2.1 Introduction 386</p> <p>21.2.2 Applications of TRPL in Heterogeneous Catalysis 387</p> <p>21.3 Time-Resolved Microwave Conductivity 389</p> <p>21.3.1 Introduction 389</p> <p>21.3.2 Applications of TRMC in Heterogeneous Catalysis 391</p> <p>References 393</p> <p><b>Volume 2</b></p> <p>Preface xv</p> <p><b>Section III Ab Initio Techniques in Heterogeneous Catalysis 399</b></p> <p><b>22 Quantum Approaches to Predicting Molecular Reactions on Catalytic Surfaces 401</b><br /><i>Patrick Sit</i></p> <p><b>23 Density Functional Theory in Heterogeneous Catalysis 405</b><br /><i>Patrick Sit and Linghai Zhang</i></p> <p><b>24 Ab InitioMolecular Dynamics in Heterogeneous Catalysis 419</b><br /><i>Ye-Fei Li</i></p> <p><b>25 First Principles Simulations of Electrified Interfaces in Electrochemistry 439</b><br /><i>Stephen E.Weitzner and Ismaila Dabo</i></p> <p><b>26 Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory for Excited-State </b><b>Calculations 471</b><br /><i>Chi Yung Yam</i></p> <p><b>27 The </b><b><i>GW </i></b><b>Method for Excited States Calculations 483</b><br /><i>Paolo Umari</i></p> <p><b>28 High-Throughput Computational Design of Novel Catalytic Materials 497</b><br /><i>Chenxi Guo, Jinfan Chen, and Jianping Xiao</i></p> <p><b>Section IV Advancement in Energy and Environmental Catalysis 525</b></p> <p><b>29 Embracing the Energy and Environmental Challenges of the Twenty-First Century Through Heterogeneous Catalysis 527</b><br /><i>Yun Hau Ng</i></p> <p><b>30 Electrochemical Water Splitting 533</b><br /><i>Guang Liu, Kamran Dastafkan, and Chuan Zhao</i></p> <p><b>31 New Visible-Light-Responsive Photocatalysts for Water Splitting Based on Mixed Anions 557</b><br /><i>Kazuhiko Maeda</i></p> <p><b>32 Electrocatalysts in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells 571</b><br /><i>StephenM. Lyth and Albert Mufundirwa</i></p> <p><b>33 Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass to Biofuels 593</b><br /><i>Cristina García-Sancho, Juan A. Cecilia, and Rafael Luque</i></p> <p><b>34 Conversion of Carbohydrates to High Value Products 617</b><br /><i>Isao Ogino</i></p> <p><b>35 Enhancing Sustainability Through Heterogeneous Catalytic Conversions at High Pressure 633</b><br /><i>Nat Phongprueksathat and Atsushi Urakawa</i></p> <p><b>36 Electro-, Photo-, and Photoelectro-chemical Reduction of CO</b><b><sub>2</sub> 649</b><br /><i>Jonathan Albo,Manuel Alvarez-Guerra, and Angel Irabien</i></p> <p><b>37 Photocatalytic Abatement of Emerging Micropollutants in Water and Wastewater 671</b><br /><i>Lan Yuan, Zi-Rong Tang, and Yi-Jun Xu</i></p> <p><b>38 Catalytic Abatement of NO</b><sub><b><i>x </i></b></sub><b>Emissions over the Zeolite Catalysts 685</b><br /><i>Runduo Zhang, Peixin Li, and HaoWang</i></p> <p>Index 699</p> <div id="_mcePaste" style="position: absolute; left: -10000px; top: 1735px; width: 1px; height: 1px; overflow: hidden;">9783527344154</div>
<p><b>Wey Yang Teoh</b> obtained his BE and PhD in Chemical Engineering at The University of New South Wales (Australia). He spent an attachment at ETH Zürich (Switzerland) as part of his PhD studies. In 2010, he joined the School of Energy and Environment at the City University of Hong Kong as tenure-track Assistant Professor, and promoted to Tenured Associate Professor in 2015. He is currently Associate Professor at the Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Malaya (Malaysia), with concurrent appointment as Honorary Associate Professor at The University of New South Wales. His research team develops new strategies for rational catalysts design based on fundamental surface and materials engineering, charge transport, and photochemical conversions, with focus on energy and environmental applications.</p> <p><b>Atsushi Urakawa</b> was born in Japan. He obtained his BSc degree (with one year stay in the USA) in Applied Chemistry at Kyushu University (Japan) and he studied Chemical Engineering at Delft University of Technology (The Netherlands) for his MSc degree. He obtained his PhD in 2006 at ETH Zürich (Switzerland) where he worked as Senior Scientist and Lecturer until he joined ICIQ as Group Leader in Spain in 2010. In 2019, he undertook a new challenge as Professor of Catalysis Engineering at Delft University of Technology. His research team combines fundamental and applied research and focuses on the rational development of heterogeneous catalysts and processes aided by in situ and operando methodologies.</p> <p><b>Yun Hau Ng</b> is an Associate Professor at the School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong. He received his BSc (Industrial Chemistry) from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia in 2003 and his PhD from Osaka University in 2009. He was a lecturer (2014) and senior lecturer (2016) at the School of Chemical Engineering at the University of New South Wales (UNSW). His research is focused on the development of novel photoactive semiconductors (particles and thin film) for sunlight energy conversion. He was awarded the Honda-Fujishima Prize (2013), the Chemical Society Japan (CSJ) Distinguished Lectureship Award (2018) and the APEC Science Prize for Innovation, Research and Education (ASPIRE Prize 2019) in recognition of his work in the area of photo-driven water splitting. He is currently serving as an Editor for the Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics (Springer).</p> <p><b>Patrick Sit</b> is an Associate Professor at the School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong. He obtained his PhD in Physics from Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA. Prior to joining the City University of Hong Kong, he was an associate research scholar in the Department of Chemistry at Princeton University, USA and a post-doctoral associate in the Department of Chemistry at the University of Pennsylvania, USA. His research focuses on the ab initio study of the processes and materials important in energy applications.</p>
<p><b>Presents the state-of-the-art knowledge of heterogeneous catalysts with focus applications in the fields of sustainable energy and environment</b> <p>This book focuses on emerging techniques in heterogeneous catalysis, from new methodology for catalysts design and synthesis, surface studies and operando spectroscopies, <i>ab initio</i> techniques, to critical catalytic systems as relevant to energy and the environment. It provides the vision of addressing the foreseeable knowledge gap unfilled by classical knowledge in the field. <p>Heterogeneous catalysts play a crucial role in producing 90% of the industrial chemical products by volume worldwide. Given its vast importance, it is essential for aspired industrial scientists and engineers to develop holistic appreciation on the fundamental principles of heterogeneous catalysts as well as their applications, both traditional and emerging. This book “Heterogeneous Catalysts: Advanced Design, Characterization and Applications” introduces the subject from a basic level understanding to the advanced applications of new heterogeneous catalysts. Special attentions are elaborated on the design of efficient catalysts by highlighting a number of innovative synthetic strategies and nanomaterial structures. Thorough examination of the catalysts is indispensable to gain accurate insights into their catalytic properties. Useful cutting-edge characterization techniques capable of providing precise information (e.g., <i>in situ</i> microscopies and spectroscopies) are discussed in detail. Theory-guided explanation and prediction continue to advance the state-of-the-art of the field. Tutorial descriptions of the emerging computational methodologies are, therefore, important sections in this book. This book ends with representative examples of the increasingly important applications of heterogeneous catalysis in addressing the energy and environmental challenges of the 21st Century.<BR> <ul> <li>Presents recent developments in heterogeneous catalysis with emphasis on new fundamentals and emerging techniques</li> <li>Offers a comprehensive look at the important aspects of heterogeneous catalysis</li> </ul> <p><i>Heterogeneous Catalysts: Emerging Techniques for Design, Characterization and Applications</i> is a “one-stop solution” for advanced undergraduate or early postgraduate students wishing to pursue knowledge in all aspects of heterogeneous catalysts, particularly toward the applications in sustainable energy and environment. It is also useful as an entry-level reference book for catalysis scientists, materials scientists, surface chemists, physical chemists, inorganic chemists, chemical engineers, and other professionals working in the field of heterogeneous catalysis.

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