Details

Iron Oxides


Iron Oxides

From Nature to Applications
1. Aufl.

von: Damien Faivre, Richard B. Frankel

196,99 €

Verlag: Wiley-VCH
Format: PDF
Veröffentl.: 12.04.2016
ISBN/EAN: 9783527691364
Sprache: englisch
Anzahl Seiten: 632

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Beschreibungen

Compiling all the information available on the topic, this ready reference covers all important aspects of iron oxides. <br> Following a preliminary overview chapter discussing iron oxide minerals along with their unique structures and properties, the text goes on to deal with the formation and transformation of iron oxides, covering geological, synthetic, and biological formation, as well as various physicochemical aspects. Subsequent chapters are devoted to characterization techniques, with a special focus on X-ray-based methods, magnetic measurements, and electron microscopy alongside such traditional methods as IR/Raman and Mossbauer spectroscopy. The final section mainly concerns exciting new applications of magnetic iron oxides, for example in medicine as microswimmers or as water filtration systems, while more conventional uses as pigments or in biology for magnetoreception illustrate the full potential.<br> A must-read for anyone working in the field.<br>
<p>List of Contributors XVII</p> <p>Foreword XXV</p> <p>Preface XXVII</p> <p><b>1 Introduction 1<br /></b><i>Damien Faivre</i></p> <p>1.1 Iron Oxides: From Nature to Applications 1</p> <p>1.2 A Very Brief Overview of the Iron Oxides and How They Found Names 3</p> <p>References 5</p> <p><b>Part I Formation, Transformation 7</b></p> <p><b>2 Geological Occurrences and Relevance of Iron Oxides 9<br /></b><i>France Lagroix, Subir K. Banerjee, and Mike J. Jackson</i></p> <p>2.1 Introduction 9</p> <p>2.2 Elemental Iron: From the Universe to the Earth 9</p> <p>2.3 Residency of Elemental Iron on Earth 10</p> <p>2.4 Mineral Forms of Iron Oxides 11</p> <p>2.5 Occurrence and Geological Relevance of Iron Oxides 13</p> <p>2.6 Iron Oxides in Continental Dust Deposits 19</p> <p>2.7 Concluding Remarks 23</p> <p>Acknowledgments 23</p> <p>References 23</p> <p><b>3 Reductive Dissolution and Reactivity of Ferric (Hydr)oxides: New Insights and Implications for Environmental Redox Processes 31<br /></b><i>Stefan Peiffer and Moli Wan</i></p> <p>3.1 Introduction 31</p> <p>3.2 The Classical Perspective on Reductive Dissolution 32</p> <p>3.3 Electron Transfer at Ferric (Hydr)oxides Surfaces: The Role of Fe(II) 33</p> <p>3.4 Energetics at the Ferric (Hydr)oxide Interface 35</p> <p>3.5 Rate Control: Surface versus Structural Properties 39</p> <p>3.6 Interaction between Dissolved Sulfide and Ferric Hydroxides 42</p> <p>3.7 Implications 47</p> <p>References 48</p> <p><b>4 Formation and Transformation of Iron-Bearing Minerals by Iron(II)-Oxidizing and Iron(III)-Reducing Bacteria 53<br /></b><i>Jennyfer Miot and Marjorie Etique</i></p> <p>4.1 Introduction 53</p> <p>4.2 Biomineralization of Iron through Microbial Fe(II) Oxidation 54</p> <p>4.3 Iron(III) Minerals: Electron Acceptors for Iron-Reducing Bacteria 60</p> <p>4.4 Specific Properties of Iron Biominerals 64</p> <p>4.5 Microbial Fe Redox Cycling: Past, Present, and Future 72</p> <p>4.6 Conclusion 77</p> <p>References 78</p> <p><b>5 Controlled Biomineralization of Magnetite in Bacteria 99<br /></b><i>Elodie C.T. Descamps, Jean-Baptiste Abbé, David Pignol, and Christopher T. Lefèvre</i></p> <p>5.1 Introduction 99</p> <p>5.2 Magnetotactic Bacteria 100</p> <p>5.3 Organization and Role of Magnetosomes 102</p> <p>5.4 Biomineralization of Magnetosomes 104</p> <p>5.5 Mineral Phase of Magnetosomes 108</p> <p>Acknowledgments 111</p> <p>References 111</p> <p><b>6 Ferritin Iron Mineralization and Storage: From Structure to Function 117<br /></b><i>Noam Aronovitz, Michal Neeman, and Raz Zarivach</i></p> <p>6.1 Introduction 117</p> <p>6.2 Basic Structure of Ferritins 118</p> <p>6.3 Iron Storage and Mineralization 123</p> <p>6.4 NMR and MRI Studies of the Ferritin Iron Core 126</p> <p>6.5 Magnetoferritin 127</p> <p>6.6 Ferritin as a Biotechnological Tool 131</p> <p>6.7 Protocol Annexes 133</p> <p>References 137</p> <p><b>7 Iron Oxides in the Human Brain 143<br /></b><i>Joanna F. Collingwood and Neil D. Telling</i></p> <p>7.1 Introduction 143</p> <p>7.2 Iron Oxides Observed in the Human Brain 146</p> <p>7.3 Properties of Iron Oxides in the Brain 150</p> <p>7.4 Stored and Sequestered Iron Oxide in the Human Brain 155</p> <p>7.5 Methods to Detect Iron Oxides in the Brain 160</p> <p>7.6 Tools and Treatments: Manipulating Iron Oxides in the Brain 163</p> <p>7.7 Concluding Remarks 166</p> <p>Acknowledgments 166</p> <p>References 166</p> <p><b>8 The Chiton Radula: A Model System for Versatile Use of Iron Oxides 177<br /></b><i>Derk Joester and Lesley R. Brooker</i></p> <p>8.1 Functional Anatomy of the Mollusk Radula 177</p> <p>8.2 Development of the Radula: Organic Matrix 180</p> <p>8.3 The Discovery of Biominerals in the Radula 180</p> <p>8.4 The Microarchitecture of Chiton Radula Teeth 181</p> <p>8.5 Development of the Chiton Radula: Stages of Biomineralization 183</p> <p>8.6 Development of the Radula: Biological Control 185</p> <p>8.7 Role of Acidic Macromolecules in the Insoluble Organic Matrix 186</p> <p>8.8 Soluble Organic Matrix Composition 186</p> <p>8.9 Selective Deposition of Ferrihydrite in Stage II 187</p> <p>8.10 Conversion of Ferrihydrite to Magnetite in Stage III 190</p> <p>8.11 Phase Transformations in Stage IV 192</p> <p>8.12 Final Functional Architecture 194</p> <p>8.13 Concluding Remarks 197</p> <p>References 198</p> <p><b>9 Mineralization of Goethite in Limpet Radular Teeth 207<br /></b><i>Tina Ukmar-Godec</i></p> <p>9.1 Introduction 207</p> <p>9.2 Structure, Properties, and Function of the Limpet Radula 207</p> <p>9.3 Goethite Produced in the Laboratory 210</p> <p>9.4 Goethite Produced in Limpets 213</p> <p>9.5 Conclusion 221</p> <p>References 222</p> <p><b>10 Synthetic Formation of Iron Oxides 225</b><i><br />Corinne Chaneac, Anne Duchateau, and Ali Abou-Hassan</i></p> <p>10.1 Introduction 225</p> <p>10.2 Iron Oxide and Oxyhydroxide from Aqueous Ferric Solution 226</p> <p>10.3 Iron Oxide and Oxyhydroxide from Aqueous Ferrous Solution 231</p> <p>10.4 Iron Oxide Synthesis Using Microfluidic Process 233</p> <p>References 240</p> <p><b>11 Oriented Attachment and Nonclassical Formation in Iron Oxides 243<br /></b><i>Jennifer A. Soltis and R. Lee Penn</i></p> <p>11.1 Introduction 243</p> <p>11.2 OA in Iron Oxides in the Literature 245</p> <p>11.3 OA and Phase Transformation 249</p> <p>11.4 Detection and Characterization of Growth by OA 249</p> <p>11.5 Kinetics of Growth by OA 253</p> <p>11.6 Thermodynamics 257</p> <p>11.7 Morphology and Surface Chemistry 258</p> <p>11.8 Forces Governing Assembly 259</p> <p>11.9 Future Work 260</p> <p>References 261</p> <p><b>12 Thermodynamics of Iron Oxides and Oxyhydroxides in Different Environments 269<br /></b><i>Haibo Guo and Amanda S. Barnard</i></p> <p>12.1 Introduction 269</p> <p>12.2 Magnetic Transformations 270</p> <p>12.3 Polymorphic Transformations 274</p> <p>12.4 Summary 288</p> <p>References 289</p> <p><b>Part II Characterization Techniques 293</b></p> <p><b>13 Introduction to Standard Spectroscopic Methods: XRD, IR/Raman, and Mössbauer 295</b><br /><i>Fernando Vereda</i></p> <p>13.1 Introduction 295</p> <p>13.2 X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) 297</p> <p>13.3 Vibrational Spectroscopy 302</p> <p>13.4 Mössbauer Spectroscopy 311</p> <p>Acknowledgments 319</p> <p>References 319</p> <p><b>14 TEM and Associated Techniques 325<br /></b><i>Tanya Prozorov</i></p> <p>Common Abbreviations 325</p> <p>14.1 Introduction 326</p> <p>14.2 Nanoscale Analysis of Iron Oxides 327</p> <p>14.3 Electron Holography 331</p> <p>14.4 The Near <i>In Situ</i> Approach 335</p> <p>14.5 <i>In Situ</i> Analysis with a Liquid Cell 336</p> <p>Acknowledgment 338</p> <p>References 339</p> <p><b>15 Magnetic Measurements and Characterization 347<br /></b><i>Ann M. Hirt</i></p> <p>15.1 Introduction 347</p> <p>15.2 Summary of Magnetic Properties of Iron Oxides and Iron Hydroxides 348</p> <p>15.3 Induced Magnetization 349</p> <p>15.4 Remanent Magnetization 355</p> <p>15.5 Usage of Magnetic Properties 357</p> <p>15.6 Summary 366</p> <p>References 367</p> <p><b>16 Total X-Ray Scattering and Small-Angle X-ray Scattering for Determining the Structures, Sizes, Shapes, and Aggregation Extents of Iron (Hydr)oxide Nanoparticles 371<br /></b><i>Young-Shin Jun and Byeongdu Lee</i></p> <p>16.1 Introduction 371</p> <p>16.2 Determination of Particle Structures: Total X-Ray Scattering with PDF Analysis 373</p> <p>16.3 Determination of Particle Sizes, Shapes, and Aggregation Extents: SAXS and GISAXS 378</p> <p>16.4 Outlook 391</p> <p>Acknowledgments 392</p> <p>References 392</p> <p><b>17 X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy in Fe Oxides and Oxyhydroxides 397<br /></b><i>M. Luisa Fdez-Gubieda, Ana García-Prieto, Javier Alonso, and Carlo Meneghini</i></p> <p>17.1 Brief Introduction to XAFS 398</p> <p>17.2 XANES spectroscopy 401</p> <p>17.3 EXAFS Spectroscopy 406</p> <p>17.4 Conclusion and Perspectives 415</p> <p>References 416</p> <p><b>Part III Applications 423</b></p> <p><b>18 Medical Applications of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles 425<br /></b><i>Amanda K. Andriola Silva, Ana Espinosa, Jelena Kolosnjaj-Tabi, Claire Wilhelm, and Florence Gazeau</i></p> <p>18.1 Introduction 425</p> <p>18.2 IONPs for Imaging 426</p> <p>18.3 Magnetic Drug Targeting 433</p> <p>18.4 IONPs and Tissue Engineering 442</p> <p>18.5 Activation of IONPs with Time-Dependent Magnetic Fields 446</p> <p>18.6 Life Cycle of IONPs 456</p> <p>18.7 Conclusion 460</p> <p>References 460</p> <p><b>19 Iron Nanoparticles for Water Treatment: Is the Future Free or Fixed? 473<br /></b><i>Sarah J. Tesh and Thomas B. Scott</i></p> <p>19.1 Introduction 473</p> <p>19.2 Why Iron? 475</p> <p>19.3 INPs: A Versatile Material for Water Treatment 477</p> <p>19.4 Operational Drivers for Water Treatment 483</p> <p>19.5 Static Nanocomposites 495</p> <p>19.6 What Is Holding Back Static Nanocomposites? 507</p> <p>19.7 Conclusion 509</p> <p>References 510</p> <p><b>20 Actuation of Iron Oxide-Based Nanostructures by External Magnetic Fields 523<br /></b><i>Peter Vach</i></p> <p>20.1 Introduction 523</p> <p>20.2 Nanomachines 525</p> <p>20.3 Guided Self-Assembly 530</p> <p>20.4 Conclusion 536</p> <p>References 536</p> <p><b>21 Iron Oxide-Based Pigments and Their Use in History 545<br /></b><i>Marco Nicola, Chiara Mastrippolito, and Admir Masic</i></p> <p>21.1 Introduction 545</p> <p>21.2 Chemical Composition and Properties of Iron Oxide-Based Pigments 545</p> <p>21.3 Use of Iron Oxide-Based Pigments in History 550</p> <p>21.4 Case Studies 559</p> <p>References 563</p> <p><b>22 Magnetoreception and Magnetotaxis 567<br /></b><i>Mathieu A. Bennet and Stephan H. K. Eder</i></p> <p>22.1 Magnetoreception 567</p> <p>22.2 Magnetotaxis 576</p> <p>Conclusions 586</p> <p>References 586</p> <p>Index 591</p> <p> </p>
Currently a private lecturer at the University of Potsdam, Germany, Damien Faivre studied physical chemistry at the Claude Bernard University in Lyon, France, spending a year as an exchange student at Concordia University in Montreal, Canada. He continued with his doctoral thesis in geochemistry at the Institute for Earth Physics in Paris, France and, while still a PhD student, worked at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, USA. In 2005, he joined the Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology in Bremen, Germany, as Marie Curie Fellow of the EU to study the properties of magnetosomes and their formation mechanisms, and two years later moved to the Department of Biomaterials at the Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces in Potsdam, as group leader to combine his interests in bio- and biomimetic formation and the assembly of magnetic iron oxides, for which he was awarded a grant from the ERC in 2010.

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