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Polymer Composites, Macro- and Microcomposites

Polymer Composites Volume 1

von: Sabu Thomas, Kuruvilla Joseph, S. K. Malhotra, Koichi Goda, M. S. Sreekala
223,99 €
Verlag:	Wiley-VCH
Format:	PDF
Veröffentl.:	06.02.2012
ISBN/EAN:	9783527645237
Sprache:	englisch
Anzahl Seiten:	814

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Titelbeschreibung

The first systematic reference on the topic with an emphasis on the characteristics and dimension of the reinforcement. This first of three volumes, authored by leading researchers in the field from academia, government, industry, as well as private research institutions around the globe, focuses on macro and micro composites. Clearly divided into three sections, the first offers an introduction to polymer composites, discussing the state of the art, new challenges, and opportunities of various polymer composite systems, as well as preparation and manufacturing techniques. The second part looks at macro systems, with an emphasis on fiber reinforced polymer composites, textile composites, and polymer hybrid composites. Likewise, the final section deals with micro systems, including micro particle reinforced polymer composites, the synthesis, surface modification and characterization of micro particulate fillers and flakes as well as filled polymer micro composites, plus applications and the recovery, recycling and life cycle analysis of synthetic polymeric composites.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

The Editors XXIII Preface XXV List of Contributors XXVII Part One Introduction to Polymer Composites 1 1 Advances in Polymer Composites: Macro- and Microcomposites – State of the Art, New Challenges, and Opportunities 3 Josmin P. Jose, Sant Kumar Malhotra, Sabu Thomas, Kuruvilla Joseph, Koichi Goda, and Meyyarappallil Sadasivan Sreekala 1.1 Introduction 3 1.2 Classification of Composites 4 1.3 Interface Characterization 14 1.4 New Challenges and Opportunities 15 References 16 2 Shock and Impact Response of Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites 17 Vikas Prakash 2.1 Introduction 17 2.2 Analytical Analysis 20 2.3 Plate-Impact Experiments on GRPs 33 2.4 Target Assembly 42 2.5 Experimental Results and Discussion 42 2.6 Summary 76 References 78 3 Interfaces in Macro- and Microcomposites 83 Haeng-Ki Lee and Bong-Rae Kim 3.1 Introduction 83 3.2 Characterization of Interfaces in Macro- and Microcomposites 85 3.3 Micromechanics-Based Analysis 87 3.4 Interfacial Damage Modeling 94 3.5 Summary 100 References 101 4 Preparation and Manufacturing Techniques for Macro- and Microcomposites 111 Tibor Czigány and Tamás Deák 4.1 Introduction 111 4.2 Thermoplastic Polymer Composites 111 4.3 Thermosetting Polymer Composites 123 4.4 Future Trends 133 References 133 Part Two Macrosystems: Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites 135 5 Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites: Preparation, Properties, and Applications 137 Soo-Jin Park and Min-Kang Seo 5.1 Introduction 137 5.2 Backgrounds 138 5.3 Experimental Part 143 5.4 Results and Discussion 153 5.5 Applications 176 5.6 Conclusions 179 References 180 6 Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites 185 Sebastian Heimbs and Björn Van Den Broucke 6.1 Introduction 185 6.2 Chemical Composition and Types 186 6.3 Fabrication of Glass Fibers 188 6.4 Forms of Glass Fibers 190 6.5 Glass Fiber Properties 192 6.6 Glass Fibers in Polymer Composites 196 6.7 Applications 202 6.8 Summary 204 References 205 7 Kevlar Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites 209 Chapal K. Das, Ganesh C. Nayak, and Rathanasamy Rajasekar 7.1 Introduction 209 7.2 Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites 210 7.3 Constituents of Polymer Composites 210 7.4 Kevlar Fiber 211 7.5 Interface 212 7.6 Factors Influencing the Composite Properties 214 7.7 Surface Modification 218 7.8 Synthetic Fiber-Reinforced Composites 220 7.9 Effect of Fluorinated and Oxyfluorinated Short Kevlar Fiber on the Properties of Ethylene Propylene Matrix Composites 222 7.10 Compatibilizing Effect of MA-g-PP on the Properties of Fluorinated and Oxyfluorinated Kevlar Fiber-Reinforced Ethylene Polypropylene Composites 230 7.11 Properties of Syndiotactic Polystyrene Composites with Surface-Modified Short Kevlar Fiber 238 7.12 Study on the Mechanical, Rheological, and Morphological Properties of Short Kevlar Fiber/s-PS Composites Effect of Oxyfluorination of Kevlar 246 7.13 Effect of Fluorinated and Oxyfluorinated Short Kevlar Fiber Reinforcement on the Properties of PC/LCP Blends 250 7.14 Simulation of Fiber Orientation by Mold Flow Technique 257 7.15 Kevlar-Reinforced Thermosetting Composites 270 References 272 8 Polyester Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites 275 Dionysis E. Mouzakis 8.1 Introduction 275 8.2 Synthesis and Basic Properties of Polyester Fibers 277 8.3 Polyester Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites 282 8.4 Conclusions 287 References 288 9 Nylon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites 293 Valerio Causin 9.1 Introduction 293 9.2 Nylon Fibers Used as Reinforcements 294 9.3 Matrices and Applications 299 9.4 Manufacturing of Nylon-Reinforced Composites 305 9.5 Conclusions 311 References 311 10 Polyolefin Fiber- and Tape-Reinforced Polymeric Composites 315 József Karger-Kocsis and Tamás Bárány 10.1 Introduction 315 10.2 Polyolefin Fibers and Tapes 315 10.3 Polyolefin-Reinforced Thermoplastics 321 10.4 Polyolefin Fiber-Reinforced Thermosets 327 10.5 Polyolefin Fibers in Rubbers 329 10.6 Others 330 10.7 Outlook and Future Trends 330 References 331 11 Silica Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites 339 Sudip Ray 11.1 Introduction 339 11.2 Silica Fiber: General Features 339 11.3 Silica Fiber-Filled Polymer Composites 347 11.4 Applications 358 11.5 New Developments 360 11.6 Concluding Remarks 361 References 361 Part Three Macrosystems: Textile Composites 363 12 2D Textile Composite Reinforcement Mechanical Behavior 365 Emmanuelle Vidal-Sallé and Philippe Boisse 12.1 Introduction 365 12.2 Mechanical Behavior of 2D Textile Composite Reinforcements and Specific Experimental Tests 366 12.3 Continuous Modeling of 2D Fabrics: Macroscopic Scale 373 12.4 Discrete Modeling of 2D Fabrics: Mesoscopic Scale 382 12.5 Conclusions and Future Trend 388 References 388 13 Three Dimensional Woven Fabric Composites 393 Wen-Shyong Kuo 13.1 Introduction 393 13.2 General Characteristics of 3D Composites 394 13.3 Formation of 3D Woven Fabrics 396 13.4 Modeling of 3D Woven Composites 407 13.5 Failure Behavior of 3D Woven Composites 412 13.6 Role of Interlacing Loops 428 13.7 Design of 3D Woven Composites 429 13.8 Conclusions 431 References 431 14 Polymer Composites as Geotextiles 435 Han-Yong Jeon 14.1 Introduction 435 14.2 Developments of Composite Geotextiles 443 14.3 Hybrid Composite Geotextiles 447 14.4 Performance Evaluation of Composite Geotextiles 462 References 467 15 Hybrid Textile Polymer Composites 469 Palanisamy Sivasubramanian, Laly A. Pothan, M. Thiruchitrambalam, and Sabu Thomas 15.1 Introduction 469 15.2 Textile Composites 470 15.3 Hybrid Textile Composites 478 15.4 Hybrid Textile Joints 479 15.5 Conclusion 480 References 480 Part Four Microsystems : Microparticle-Reinforced Polymer Composites 483 16 Characterization of Injection-Molded Parts with Carbon Black-Filled Polymers 485 Volker Piotter, Jürgen Prokop, and Xianping Liu 16.1 Introduction 485 16.2 Injection-Molded Carbon-Filled Polymers 486 16.3 Processes and Characterization 488 16.4 Mechanical Property Mapping of Carbon-Filled Polymer Composites by TPM 501 16.5 Conclusions 512 References 512 17 Carbon Black-Filled Natural Rubber Composites: Physical Chemistry and Reinforcing Mechanism 515 Atsushi Kato, Yuko Ikeda, and Shinzo Kohjiya 17.1 Introduction 515 17.2 3D-TEM Observation of Nanofiller-Loaded Vulcanized Rubber 517 17.3 Materials: CB-Filled Sulfur-Cured NR Vulcanizates 518 17.4 Relationship Between the Properties of CB-Filled Sulfur-Cured NR Vulcanizates and CB Loading 519 17.5 CB Dispersion and Aggregate/Agglomerate Structure in CB-Filled NR Vulcanizates 529 17.6 Conclusions 538 References 540 18 Silica-Filled Polymer Microcomposites 545 Sudip Ray 18.1 Introduction 545 18.2 Silica as a Filler: General Features 545 18.3 Silica-Filled Rubbers 552 18.4 Silica-Filled Thermoplastics and Thermosets 569 18.5 Concluding Remarks 571 References 572 19 Metallic Particle-Filled Polymer Microcomposites 575 Bertrand Garnier, Boudjemaa Agoudjil, and Abderrahim Boudenne 19.1 Introduction 575 19.2 Metallic Filler and Production Methods 576 19.3 Achieved Properties of Metallic Filled Polymer 577 19.4 Main Factors Influencing Properties 585 19.5 Models for Physical Property Prediction 593 19.6 Conclusion 606 References 606 20 Magnetic Particle-Filled Polymer Microcomposites 613 Natalie E. Kazantseva 20.1 Introduction 613 20.2 Basic Components of Polymer Magnetic Composites: Materials Selection 614 20.3 Overview of Methods for the Characterization of Materials in the Radiofrequency and Microwave Bands 621 20.4 Magnetization Processes in Bulk Magnetic Materials 628 20.5 Magnetization Processes in Polymer Magnetic Composites 641 20.6 Polymer Magnetic Composites with High Value of Permeability in the Radiofrequency and Microwave Bands 651 20.7 Conclusions 668 References 669 21 Mica-Reinforced Polymer Composites 673 John Verbeek and Mark Christopher 21.1 Introduction 673 21.2 Structure and Properties of Mica 674 21.3 Mechanical Properties of Mica–Polymer Composites 677 21.4 Thermal Properties 693 21.5 Other Properties 696 21.6 Modeling of Mechanical Properties 700 21.7 Conclusions 709 References 709 22 Viscoelastically Prestressed Polymeric Matrix Composites 715 Kevin S. Fancey 22.1 Introduction 715 22.2 Preliminary Investigations: Evidence of Viscoelastically Generated Prestress 716 22.3 Time–Temperature Aspects of VPPMC Technology 719 22.4 VPPMCs with Higher Fiber Content: Mechanical Properties 729 22.5 Processing Aspects of VPPMCs 733 22.6 Mechanisms for Improved Mechanical Properties in VPPMCs 737 22.7 Potential Applications 740 22.8 Summary and Conclusions 742 References 744 Part Five Applications 747 23 Applications of Macro- and Microfiller-Reinforced Polymer Composites 749 Hajnalka Hargitai and Ilona Rácz 23.1 Introduction 749 23.2 Some Features of Polymer Composites 749 23.3 Transportation 750 23.4 Biomedical Applications 757 23.5 Civil Engineering, Construction 760 23.6 Electric and Electronic Applications 767 23.7 Mechanical Engineering, Tribological Applications 769 23.8 Recreation, Sport Equipments 772 23.9 Other Applications 780 23.10 Conclusion 784 References 784 Index 791

Autorenportrait

Sabu Thomas is a Professor of Polymer Science and Engineering at Mahatma Gandhi University (India). He is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry and a Fellow of the New York Academy of Sciences. Thomas has published over 300 papers in peer reviewed journals on his polymer composite, membrane separation, polymer blend and alloy, and polymer recycling research and has edited three books. Kuruvilla Joseph is a Reader at St. Berchmans' College (India). He has held a number of visiting research fellowships and has published ca. 50 papers on polymer composites and blends. S. K. Malhotra is Chief Design Engineer and Head of the Composites Technology Centre at the Indian Institute of Technology, Madras. He has published over 100 journal and proceedings papers on polymer and alumina-zirconia composites. Koichi Goda is a Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Yamaguchi University. His major scientific fields of interest are reliability and engineering analysis of composite materials and development and evaluation of environmentally friendly and other advanced composite materials. M. S. Sreekala is a Senior Research Associate in the Department of Polymer Science and Rubber Technology at Cochin University of Science and Technology (India). She has published over 30 papers on polymer composites (including biodegradable and green composites) in peer reviewed journals and has held a number of Research Fellowships, including those from the Humboldt Foundation and Japan Society for Promotion of Science.

Back cover copy

Polymer composites find a large number of applications in such diverse fields as aerospace, chemical industry, geotextiles, building, electronics, medical, packaging, and automobiles. New strategies for developing high performance composites are of growing interest. This first systematic reference on the topic authored by leading researchers in the field from academia, government, industry, as well as private research institutions across the globe emphasizes the characteristics and dimension of the reinforcement. Divided into three volumes the first volume offers an introduction to polymer composites, discussing the state of the art, new challenges, and opportunities of various polymer composite systems, as well as preparation and manufacturing techniques. The authors, leading researchers in the field from academia, government, industry, as well as private research institutions across the globe, adopt a practical approach, covering such aspects as the preparation, characterization, properties and theory of polymer composites.