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<p>List of Contributors vii</p> <p>Preface xi</p> <p><b>Part I: Investigating the Liver</b></p> <p>1 Noninvasive markers of fibrosis: how reliable are they? 3<br /><i>Laurent Castera</i></p> <p>2 Liver biopsy in chronic viral hepatitis: is there still life left in it? 9<br /><i>Jaspreet Suri and Michael P. Curry</i></p> <p>3 Screening for hepatocellular carcinoma in viral liver disease: any new biomarkers on the horizon? 15<br /><i>Saroja Bangaru, Jorge A. Marrero, and Amit G. Singal</i></p> <p>4 Realistic estimates of hepatitis C virus and hepatitis B virus disease burden 19<br /><i>Homie Razavi</i></p> <p><b>Part II: Today’s Therapies</b></p> <p>Section 1: HCV</p> <p>5 Acute hepatitis C: treat immediately or give a chance to spontaneously clear? 29<br /><i>David E. Kaplan</i></p> <p>6 Is ribavirin alive or dead in the current era of HCV therapy? 35<br /><i>Vijay Prabhakar and Paul Y. Kwo</i></p> <p>7 Hepatitis C virus genotype and viral testing, and on‐treatment monitoring: necessary or overkill? 41<br /><i>Sirina Ekpanyapong and K. Rajender Reddy</i></p> <p>8 Treatment of hepatitis C virus in renal disease: can we use all the drugs without additional monitoring? 48<br /><i>Stanislas Pol</i></p> <p>9 Does directly acting antiviral therapy improve quality of life? 54<br /><i>Daniel M. Forton</i></p> <p>10 Morbid obesity and hepatitis C: treat as normal or are there additional issues to consider? 59<br /><i>María Fernanda Guerra, Javier Ampuero, and Manuel Romero‐Gómez</i></p> <p>11 Generic direct‐acting antiviral agents: do they work well? 66<br /><i>Omar Salim Al Siyabi and Seng‐Gee Lim</i></p> <p>12 Impact and management of patients with multiple hepatitis C virus genotypes 74<br /><i>Peter Ferenci</i></p> <p>13 Hepatitis C virus and injecting drug use: what are the challenges? 78<br /><i>Olav Dalgard</i></p> <p>14 Hepatitis B virus reactivation while on hepatitis C virus direct‐acting antiviral therapy: is that a real concern and when is it a concern? 82<br /><i>Marina Serper</i></p> <p>15 Drug–drug interactions with direct‐acting antivirals: when do we need to care? 86<br /><i>Fiona Marra and David Back</i></p> <p>16 Treatment of hepatitis C in children 94<br /><i>Maureen M. Jonas</i></p> <p>17 While direct‐acting antivirals are effective, are there any unique safety considerations? 97<br /><i>Olivia Pietri, Félix Trottier‐Tellier, and Marc Bourlière</i></p> <p>18 Harm reduction strategies to prevent new infections and reinfections among people who inject drugs: how effective are they? 106<br /><i>Jason Grebely and Marianne Martinello</i></p> <p>19 Hepatitis C virus therapy in advanced liver disease: treat or transplant and treat? 112<br /><i>Chalermrat Bunchorntavakul and K. Rajender Reddy</i></p> <p>20 Hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatitis C virus: which should be treated first? 117<br /><i>Mario U. Mondelli, Andrea Lombardi, and Massimo Colombo</i></p> <p>21 Should we incentivize patients to take hepatitis C virus therapy? 122<br /><i>Ed Gane</i></p> <p>22 Treating prisoners with hepatitis C: should we do it and how? 125<br /><i>Seth Francis‐Graham and William Rosenberg</i></p> <p>23 Use of hepatitis C virus‐positive organs for uninfected recipients in the era of effective and safe direct‐acting antivirals: pros and cons 132<br /><i>Sirina Ekpanyapong and K. Rajender Reddy</i></p> <p>24 Is real‐life hepatitis C virus therapy as effective as in clinical trials? 138<br /><i>Jessica Su and Joseph K. Lim</i></p> <p>Section 2: HBV, HDV, and HEV</p> <p>25 Management of acute hepatitis B infection: when should we offer antiviral therapy? 145<br /><i>Emma Hathorn and David J. Mutimer</i></p> <p>26 Rethinking the inactive carrier state: management of patients with low‐replicative HBeAg‐negative chronic hepatitis B and normal liver enzymes 150<br /><i>María Buti, Mar Riveiro‐Barciela, and Rafael Esteban</i></p> <p>27 Hepatitis B e antigen‐positive chronic hepatitis B infection with minimal changes on liver biopsy: what to do next 156<br /><i>Apostolos Koffas and Patrick T. Kennedy</i></p> <p>28 The management of hepatitis B virus in pregnancy 160<br /><i>Henry L.Y. Chan</i></p> <p>29 Treatment of hepatitis B in children 164<br /><i>Maureen M. Jonas</i></p> <p>30 Hepatitis B vaccine failures: how do we handle them? 169<br /><i>Daniel Shouval</i></p> <p>31 The stopping rules in hepatitis B virus therapy: can we provide any guidance? 175<br /><i>Florian van Bömmel and Thomas Berg</i></p> <p>32 Hepatitis C and hepatitis B coinfection 182<br /><i>Chun‐Jen Liu and Jia‐Horng Kao</i></p> <p>33 Chronic hepatitis E virus infection: is it reality or hype and where does it matter? 189<br /><i>Nassim Kamar and Jacques Izopet</i></p> <p>34 Hepatitis E virus vaccines: have they arrived – when, where and for whom? 193<br /><i>Amit Goel and Rakesh Aggarwal</i></p> <p><b>Part III: Clinical Set‐up and the Future</b></p> <p>35 Do we need expert hepatitis C virus treaters or are amateur treaters good enough? 203<br /><i>Shyamasundaran Kottilil and Poonam Mathur</i></p> <p>36 Hepatitis C vaccines: how close are we to the promised land? 208<br /><i>Timothy Donnison, Senthil Chinnakannan, Paola Cicconi, and Eleanor Barnes</i></p> <p>37 Elimination of hepatitis C virus in high‐prevalence, low‐income countries: is it feasible? 216<br /><i>Mahmoud Abdo and Hadeel Gamal Eldeen</i></p> <p>38 Hepatitis B virus diagnostics: anything new? 220<br /><i>Dina Ginzberg, Robert J. Wong, and Robert G. Gish</i></p> <p><b>Part IV: Ongoing Controversies</b></p> <p>39 Is hepatocellular carcinoma risk impacted favorably or unfavorably by hepatitis C virus therapy with direct‐acting antivirals? 233<br /><i>Giuseppe Cabibbo, Calogero Cammà, and Antonio Craxì</i></p> <p>40 Global elimination of hepatitis C virus by 2030: the optimistic view 238<br /><i>Gregory J. Dore and Marianne Martinello</i></p> <p>41 Global elimination of hepatitis C virus by 2030: the pessimistic view 244<br /><i>Thomas G. Cotter and Michael Charlton</i></p> <p>Index 250</p>

<p>Edited by <p><b>Graham R. Foster PhD, FRCP,</b> Professor of Hepatology, The Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK. <p><b>K. Rajender Reddy MD, FACP, FACG, FRCP, FAASLD,</b> Ruimy Family President's Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Professor of Medicine in Surgery, Director of Hepatology, Director of Viral Hepatitis Center, Medical Director of Liver Transplantation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

<p><b>Clinical Dilemmas in Viral Liver Disease</b> <p><b>The only evidence-based book to approach viral liver disease by focusing exclusively on the clinical dilemmas encountered by hepatologists and their medical teams</b> <p>Although viral hepatitis is a growing public health risk around the world, the World Health Organization (WHO) views the elimination of hepatitis infection over the next several years as an achievable goal. Effective pharmaceutical therapies are now available, yet medical teams caring for patients with viral hepatitis are challenged when looking for answers to specific questions in the current medical literature. The second edition of <i>Clinical Dilemmas in Viral Liver Disease</i> provides evidence-based guidance for medical teams involved in diagnosing, treating, and managing patients with viral liver disease. <p>This fully updated book explores developments in new treatments and new diagnostic approaches that are contributing to WHO goals of viral elimination. Brief, easily referenced chapters examine clearly defined topics, addressing the clinical questions and difficulties encountered by medical teams in day-to-day practice. Contributions by an international team of investigators and clinicians address clinical questions and issues which are seldom found in standard textbooks and online repositories. Offering practical guidance on the specific challenges and dilemmas of treating viral liver disease, this unique volume: <ul> <li>Provides practical, evidence-based guidance on topical and controversial issues</li> <li>Addresses understudied questions that arise in day-to-day clinical practice</li> <li>Discusses the challenges surrounding global elimination programs</li> <li>Presents focused approach that is supported by current literature and expert opinion</li> </ul> <p>The second edition of <i>Clinical Dilemmas in Viral Liver Disease</i> is required reading for practicing and trainee hepatologists, gastroenterologists, transplant surgeons, virologists, and other practitioners involved in caring for patients with liver disease.

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