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<p><b>Introduction</b><b> 1</b></p> <p>About This Book 1</p> <p>Foolish Assumptions 2</p> <p>Icons Used in This Book 2</p> <p>Beyond the Book 3</p> <p>Where to Go from Here 3</p> <p><b>Part 1: Getting Started with SQL 5</b></p> <p><b>Chapter 1: Relational Database Fundamentals</b><b> 7</b></p> <p>Keeping Track of Things 8</p> <p>What Is a Database? 9</p> <p>Database Size and Complexity 10</p> <p>What Is a Database Management System? 10</p> <p>Flat Files 12</p> <p>Database Models 13</p> <p>Database Design Considerations 20</p> <p><b>Chapter 2: SQL Fundamentals</b><b> 23</b></p> <p>What SQL Is and Isn’t 23</p> <p>A (Very) Little History 25</p> <p>SQL Statements 26</p> <p>Reserved Words 28</p> <p>Data Types 28</p> <p>Null Values 49</p> <p>Constraints 50</p> <p>Using SQL in a Client/Server System 50</p> <p>Using SQL on the Internet or an Intranet 52</p> <p><b>Chapter 3: The Components of SQL</b><b> 55</b></p> <p>Data Definition Language 56</p> <p>Data Manipulation Language 68</p> <p>Data Control Language 76</p> <p><b>Part 2: Using SQL to Build Databases 83</b></p> <p><b>Chapter 4: Building and Maintaining a Simple Database Structure</b><b> 85</b></p> <p>Using a RAD Tool to Build a Simple Database 86</p> <p>Building POWER with SQL’s DDL 98</p> <p>Portability Considerations 107</p> <p><b>Chapter 5: Building a Multi-table Relational Database</b><b> 109</b></p> <p>Designing a Database 110</p> <p>Working with Indexes 119</p> <p>Maintaining Data Integrity 122</p> <p>Normalizing the Database 134</p> <p><b>Part 3: Storing and Retrieving Data 141</b></p> <p><b>Chapter 6: Manipulating Database Data</b><b> 143</b></p> <p>Retrieving Data 144</p> <p>Creating Views 145</p> <p>Updating Views 149</p> <p>Adding New Data 150</p> <p><b>Chapter 7: Handling Temporal Data</b><b> 163</b></p> <p>Understanding Times and Periods 164</p> <p>Working with Application-Time Period Tables 165</p> <p>Working with System-Versioned Tables 171</p> <p>Tracking Even More Time Data with Bitemporal Tables 175</p> <p>Formatting and Parsing Dates and Times 176</p> <p><b>Chapter 8: Specifying Values</b><b> 179</b></p> <p>Values 179</p> <p>Value Expressions 186</p> <p>Functions 189</p> <p><b>Chapter 9: Using Advanced SQL Value Expressions</b><b> 209</b></p> <p>CASE Conditional Expressions 210</p> <p>CAST Data-Type Conversions 217</p> <p>Row Value Expressions 221</p> <p><b>Chapter 10: Zeroing In on the Data You Want</b><b> 223</b></p> <p>Modifying Clauses 224</p> <p>FROM Clauses 225</p> <p>WHERE Clauses 226</p> <p>Logical Connectives 243</p> <p>GROUP BY Clauses 245</p> <p>HAVING Clauses 247</p> <p>ORDER BY Clauses 248</p> <p>Limited FETCH 250</p> <p>Peering through a Window to Create a Result Set 251</p> <p><b>Chapter 11: Using Relational Operators</b><b> 259</b></p> <p>UNION 259</p> <p>INTERSECT 262</p> <p>EXCEPT 264</p> <p>Join Operators 265</p> <p>ON versus WHERE 282</p> <p><b>Chapter 12: Delving Deep with Nested Queries</b><b> 283</b></p> <p>What Subqueries Do 285</p> <p><b>Chapter 13: Recursive Queries</b><b> 303</b></p> <p>What Is Recursion? 303</p> <p>What Is a Recursive Query? 306</p> <p>Where Might You Use a Recursive Query? 306</p> <p>Where Else Might You Use a Recursive Query? 311</p> <p><b>Part 4: Controlling Operations 313</b></p> <p><b>Chapter 14: Providing Database Security </b><b>315</b></p> <p>The SQL Data Control Language 316</p> <p>User Access Levels 316</p> <p>Granting Privileges to Users 318</p> <p>Granting Privileges across Levels 325</p> <p>Granting the Power to Grant Privileges 327</p> <p>Taking Privileges Away 328</p> <p>Using GRANT and REVOKE Together to Save Time and Effort 329</p> <p><b>Chapter 15: Protecting Data</b><b> 331</b></p> <p>Threats to Data Integrity 332</p> <p>Reducing Vulnerability to Data Corruption 336</p> <p>Constraints Within Transactions 345</p> <p>Avoiding SQL Injection Attacks 350</p> <p><b>Chapter 16: Using SQL within Applications</b><b> 351</b></p> <p>SQL in an Application 352</p> <p>Hooking SQL into Procedural Languages 354</p> <p><b>Part 5: Taking SQL to the Real World 365</b></p> <p><b>Chapter 17: Accessing Data with ODBC and JDBC</b><b> 367</b></p> <p>ODBC 368</p> <p>ODBC in a Client/Server Environment 370</p> <p>ODBC and the Internet 370</p> <p>ODBC and an Intranet 373</p> <p>JDBC 373</p> <p><b>Chapter 18: Operating on XML Data with SQL</b><b> 377</b></p> <p>How XML Relates to SQL 377</p> <p>The XML Data Type 378</p> <p>Mapping SQL to XML and XML to SQL 380</p> <p>SQL Functions That Operate on XML Data 385</p> <p>Predicates 390</p> <p>Transforming XML Data into SQL Tables 392</p> <p>Mapping Non-Predefined Data Types to XML 393</p> <p>The Marriage of SQL and XML 398</p> <p><b>Chapter 19: SQL and JSON</b><b> 399</b></p> <p>Using JSON with SQL 400</p> <p>The SQL/JSON Data Model 401</p> <p>SQL/JSON Functions 403</p> <p>SQL/JSON Path Language 411</p> <p>There’s More 412</p> <p><b>Part 6: Advanced Topics 413</b></p> <p><b>Chapter 20: Stepping through a Dataset with Cursors</b><b> 415</b></p> <p>Declaring a Cursor 416</p> <p>Opening a Cursor 421</p> <p>Fetching Data from a Single Row 422</p> <p>Closing a Cursor 425</p> <p><b>Chapter 21: Adding Procedural Capabilities with Persistent Stored Modules</b><b> 427</b></p> <p>Compound Statements 428</p> <p>Flow of Control Statements 435</p> <p>Stored Procedures 440</p> <p>Stored Functions 442</p> <p>Privileges 442</p> <p>Stored Modules 443</p> <p><b>Chapter 22: Handling Errors</b><b> 445</b></p> <p>SQLSTATE 445</p> <p>WHENEVER Clause 447</p> <p>Diagnostics Areas 448</p> <p>Handling Exceptions 455</p> <p><b>Chapter 23: Triggers</b><b> 457</b></p> <p>Examining Some Applications of Triggers 457</p> <p>Creating a Trigger 458</p> <p>Firing a Succession of Triggers 460</p> <p>Referencing Old Values and New Values 461</p> <p>Firing Multiple Triggers on a Single Table 462</p> <p><b>Part 7: The Parts of Tens 463</b></p> <p><b>Chapter 24: Ten Common Mistakes</b><b> 465</b></p> <p>Assuming That Your Clients Know What They Need 465</p> <p>Ignoring Project Scope 466</p> <p>Considering Only Technical Factors 466</p> <p>Not Asking for Client Feedback 466</p> <p>Always Using Your Favorite Development Environment 467</p> <p>Using Your Favorite System Architecture Exclusively 467</p> <p>Designing Database Tables in Isolation 467</p> <p>Neglecting Design Reviews 468</p> <p>Skipping Beta Testing 468</p> <p>Not Documenting Your Process 468</p> <p><b>Chapter 25: Ten Retrieval Tips</b><b> 469</b></p> <p>Verify the Database Structure 470</p> <p>Try Queries on a Test Database 470</p> <p>Double-Check Queries That Include Joins 470</p> <p>Triple-Check Queries with Subselects 470</p> <p>Summarize Data with GROUP BY 471</p> <p>Watch GROUP BY Clause Restrictions 471</p> <p>Use Parentheses with AND, OR, and NOT 471</p> <p>Control Retrieval Privileges 472</p> <p>Back Up Your Databases Regularly 472</p> <p>Handle Error Conditions Gracefully 472</p> <p>Appendix: ISO/IEC SQL: 2016 Reserved Words 473</p> <p>Index 479</p>

<p><b>Allen G. Taylor</b> is a 30-year veteran of the computer industry and the author of over 40 books, including <b><i>SQL For Dummies</i></b> and <i>Crystal Reports For Dummies.</i> He lectures nationally on databases, innovation, and entrepreneurship. He also teaches database development internationally through a leading online education provider.

<ul> <li>Learn all the features in the latest version of SQL</li> <li>Build a relational database and create a management system</li> <li>Secure and protect your database from corruption</li> </ul> <p><b>Get ready to make SQL easy</b> <p>Updated for the latest version of SQL, the new edition of this perennial bestseller shows you how to use SQL to build relational databases and extract valuable information from them. Covering everything you need to know to make working with SQL easier than ever, topics include how to use SQL to structure a DBMS and implement a database design; secure a database; retrieve information from a database; and much more.??As database-driven websites continue to grow in popularity—and complexity—<i>SQL For Dummies</i> is the easy-to-understand, go-to resource you need to use it seamlessly. <p><b>Inside...</b> <ul> <li>What SQL is and isn't</li> <li>Use SQL to build databases</li> <li>Build a multi-table relational database</li> <li>Manipulate database data</li> <li>Use advanced value expressions</li> <li>Zero in on the data you want</li> <li>Use relational operators</li> <li>Provide database security</li> </ul>

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