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<p>Preface and Acknowledgments</p> <p>List of Contributors</p> <p>SECTION A</p> <p>- Chapter A1 – Anatomy and Taxonomy</p> <p>o A1.1 Introduction</p> <p>o A1.2 Anatomy of Bony Fish</p> <p>A1.2.1 Body Plan</p> <p>A1.2.2 Integument</p> <p>A1.2.3 Musculoskeletal System</p> <p>A1.2.4 Buoyancy Organs</p> <p>A1.2.5 Adipose Tissue</p> <p>A1.2.6 Ocular Anatomy</p> <p>A1.2.7 Auditory Anatomy</p> <p>A1.2.8 Olfactory and Gustatory Anatomy</p> <p>A1.2.9 Oral/Pharyngeal Cavity</p> <p>A1.2.10 Gastrointestinal System</p> <p>A1.2.11 Liver and Gallbladder</p> <p>A1.2.12 Respiratory System</p> <p>A1.2.13 Cardiovascular System</p> <p>A1.2.14 Lymphomyeloid System</p> <p>A1.2.15 Endocrine System</p> <p>A1.2.16 Urogenital System</p> <p>A1.2.17 Neurologic System</p> <p>o A1.3 Anatomy of Cartilaginous Fish</p> <p>A1.3.1 Body Plan</p> <p>A1.3.2 Integument</p> <p>A1.3.3 Musculoskeletal System</p> <p>A1.3.4 Buoyancy Organs</p> <p>A1.3.5 Ocular Anatomy</p> <p>A1.3.6 Auditory Anatomy</p> <p>A1.3.7 Olfactory and Gustatory Anatomy</p> <p>A1.3.8 Oral/Pharyngeal Cavity</p> <p>A1.3.9 Gastrointestinal System</p> <p>A1.3.10 Liver and Gallbladder</p> <p>A1.3.11 Respiratory System</p> <p>A1.3.12 Cardiovascular System</p> <p>A1.3.13 Hematopoietic and Immunologic System</p> <p>A1.3.14 Endocrine System</p> <p>A1.3.15 Urogenital System</p> <p>A1.3.16 Neurologic System</p> <p>o A1.4 Taxonomy</p> <p>A1.4.1 Taxonomy of Bony Fish (Osteichthyes)</p> <p>A1.4.1 Taxonomy of Cartilaginous Fish (Chondrichthyes)</p> <p>- Chapter A2: Water Quality</p> <p>o A2.1 Introduction</p> <p>o A2.2 Water Source</p> <p>o A2.3 Dissolved Oxygen</p> <p>o A2.4 Total Gas Pressures</p> <p>o A2.5 Temperature</p> <p>o A2.6 Salinity and Salt Composition</p> <p>o A2.7 Nitrogenous Wastes (Ammonia, Nitrite, Nitrate)</p> <p>o A2.8 pH</p> <p>o A2.9 Alkalinity and Hardness</p> <p>o A2.10 Carbon Dioxide</p> <p>o A2.11 Chlorines and Chloramines</p> <p>o A2.12 Iodide and Iodate</p> <p>o A2.13 Heavy Metals</p> <p>o A2.14 Turbidity/Suspended Solids </p> <p>o A2.15 Microbiome and Bacterial Testing</p> <p>o A2.16 Water Quality Testing Options</p> <p>o A2.17 Conclusion</p> <p>- Chapter A3: Life Support Systems</p> <p>o A3.1 Introduction</p> <p>o A3.2 Bacteria and other Microorganisms</p> <p>o A3.3 System Type</p> <p>o A3.4 Oxygenation and Gas Exchange</p> <p>o A3.5 Water Flow</p> <p>o A3.6 Mechanical Filtration</p> <p>A3.6.1 Surface Skimming</p> <p>A3.6.2 Prefilters</p> <p>A3.6.3 Sand/Canister/Bead filters</p> <p>A3.6.4 Settling/Sedimentation Tanks</p> <p>A3.6.5 Foam Fractionators</p> <p>A3.6.6 Activated Carbon</p> <p>A3.6.7 Flocculation</p> <p>A3.6.8 Mechanical Filtration Trouble-Shooting</p> <p>o A3.7 Biological Filtration and Nitrification</p> <p>A3.7.1 Biological Filtration Trouble-Shooting</p> <p>o A3.8 Denitrification</p> <p>o A3.9 Ecological Scrubbers</p> <p>o A3.10 Water Disinfection</p> <p>A3.10.1 Ultraviolet Light Disinfection</p> <p>A3.10.2 Ozone Disinfection</p> <p>o A3.11 Temperature Control</p> <p>o A3.12 Noise and Vibration</p> <p>o A3.13 Lighting</p> <p>o A3.14 Other Life-Support Equipment</p> <p>o A3.15 Pond Life-Support</p> <p>o A3.16 Coral Reef Life-Support</p> <p>o A3.17 Conclusion</p> <p>- Chapter A4 – Nutrition and Nutritional Support</p> <p>o A4.1 Introduction</p> <p>o A4.2 Natural History</p> <p>A4.2.1 Wild Diet and Foraging Ecology</p> <p>A4.2.2 Metabolism and Energetics</p> <p>A4.2.3 Anatomy and Digestion</p> <p>o A4.3 Nutrient Requirements</p> <p>A4.3.1 Sources of Energy</p> <p>A4.3.2 Protein</p> <p>A4.3.3 Lipid</p> <p>A4.3.4 Carbohydrates</p> <p>A4.3.5 Vitamins</p> <p>A4.3.6 Minerals</p> <p>A4.3.7 Other Additives</p> <p>A4.3.8 Nutrient Choice</p> <p>o A4.4 Feeding</p> <p>A4.4.1 Diet Selection and Formulation</p> <p>A4.4.2 Food Types</p> <p>A4.4.3 Vitamin and Mineral Supplementation</p> <p>o A4.4.4 Feeding Behavior, Amount, and Frequency</p> <p>A4.4.5 Body Condition</p> <p>o A4.5 Food Storage and Preparation</p> <p>A4.5.1 Food Safety and Monitoring</p> <p>A4.5.2 Storage</p> <p>A4.5.3 Food Preparation</p> <p>A4.5.4 Quality Control</p> <p>o A4.6 Nutritional Support</p> <p>A4.6.1 Appetite Stimulants</p> <p>A4.6.2 Assisted Feeding</p> <p>o A4.7 Larval and Broodstock Nutrition</p> <p>o A4.8 New Directions in Fish Nutrition Research</p> <p>- Chapter A5 – Fish Behavior: Training and Enrichment</p> <p>o A5.1 Introduction</p> <p>o A5.2 Fish Abilities</p> <p>o A5.3 Benefits of Behavioral Management</p> <p>o A5.4 Introduction to the Science of Learning</p> <p>o A5.5 Before Training Begins</p> <p>o A5.6 Getting Started with Training</p> <p>o A5.7 Basic Training</p> <p>o A5.8 Beyond Basic Training (Other Reasons to Train)</p> <p>o A5.9 Modifying Problem Behaviors</p> <p>o A5.10 Conclusion</p> <p>- Chapter A6 - Clinical Examination </p> <p>o A6.1 Introduction</p> <p>o A6.2 History</p> <p>o A6.3 Clinical Examination</p> <p>A6.3.1 Observation</p> <p>A6.3.2 Transport Considerations</p> <p>A6.3.3 Handling Considerations</p> <p>A6.3.4 Manual Restraint</p> <p>A6.3.5 Chemical Restraint</p> <p>A6.3.6 Components of the Physical Examination</p> <p>o A6.4 Individual Identification</p> <p>o A6.5 Diagnostic Sampling</p> <p>A6.5.1 Skin Scrapes</p> <p>A6.5.2 Gill Biopsies</p> <p>A6.5.3 Fin Biopsies</p> <p>A6.5.4 Fecal Collection</p> <p>A6.5.5 Diagnostic Imaging</p> <p>A6.5.6 Blood Collection</p> <p>A6.5.7 Musculoskeletal Impression Smears, Aspirates, or Biopsies</p> <p>A6.5.8 Coelomic Aspirates or Biopsies</p> <p>A6.5.9 Periocular and Ocular Aspirates</p> <p>A6.5.10 Cerebrospinal Fluid Collection</p> <p>A6.5.11 Egg or Sperm Collection</p> <p>o A6.6 Commercial Laboratories</p> <p>- Chapter A7 – Clinical Pathology</p> <p>o A7.1 Introduction</p> <p>o A7.2 Reference Materials in Fish Medicine</p> <p>o A7.3 Wet Mount Examinations</p> <p>A7.3.1 Skin Scrapes</p> <p>A7.3.2 Gill Biopsies/Gill Clips</p> <p>A7.3.3 Fin Biopsies/Fin Clips</p> <p>A7.3.4 Fecal Wet Mounts</p> <p>A7.3.5 Tissue Wet Mounts/Squash Preparations</p> <p>o A7.4 Cytologic Examination</p> <p>A7.4.1 Factors that Affect the Diagnostic Quality of Stained Cytologies</p> <p>A7.4.2 Cytologic Sample Evaluation</p> <p>o A7.5 Histopathology</p> <p>o A7.6 Hematology</p> <p>A7.6.1 Hematologic Sample Processing</p> <p>A7.6.2 Hematologic Sample Evaluation</p> <p>A7.6.3 Special Stains for Hematology</p> <p>o A7.7 Blood Biochemistry</p> <p>A7.7.1 Biochemistry Sample Processing</p> <p>A7.7.2 Biochemistry Sample Evaluation</p> <p>o A7.8 Toxicologic and Nutritional Analyses</p> <p>A7.8.1 Toxicology</p> <p>A7.8.2 Vitamin and Mineral Analysis</p> <p>o A7.9 Microbiology</p> <p>A7.9.1 Bacteriology</p> <p>A7.9.2 Virology</p> <p>o A7.10 Molecular Diagnostics</p> <p>A7.10.1 Nucleic Acid Amplification Methods</p> <p>A7.10.2 DNA Sequencing</p> <p>o A7.11 Immunohistochemistry</p> <p>o A7.12 In Situ Hybridization</p> <p>o A7.13 Antibody-Based Testing</p> <p>A7.13.1 Fluorescent Antibody Testing</p> <p>A7.13.2 Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISAs)</p> <p>o A7.14 Conclusion</p> <p>- Chapter A8 – Diagnostic Imaging</p> <p>o A8.1 Introduction</p> <p>o A8.2 Conventional Radiography</p> <p>A8.2.1 Radiographic Safety</p> <p>A8.2.2 Plain Radiography</p> <p>A8.2.3 Contrast Radiography</p> <p>A8.2.4 Interventional Radiography</p> <p>o A8.3 Computed Tomography</p> <p>o A8.4 Magnetic Resonance Imaging</p> <p>o A8.5 Ultrasonography</p> <p>o A8.6 Common Abnormalities Identified with Diagnostic Imaging </p> <p>A8.6.1 Spinal Pathology</p> <p>A8.6.2 Swim Bladder Pathology</p> <p>A8.6.3 Skin and Pouch Pathology in Syngnathids</p> <p>A8.6.4 Gastrointestinal Pathology</p> <p>A8.6.5 Hepatic Pathology</p> <p>A8.6.6 Reproductive Pathology</p> <p>o A8.7 Conclusion</p> <p>- Chapter A9 – Necropsy and Ancillary Diagnostics </p> <p>o A9.1 Introduction</p> <p>o A9.2 Specimen Selection</p> <p>A9.2.1 Euthanasia of Fish</p> <p>o A9.3 Human Safety</p> <p>o A9.4 Equipment Needed</p> <p>o A9.5 Gross Necropsy</p> <p>A9.5.1 Ancillary Diagnostics</p> <p>A9.5.2 External Examination</p> <p>A9.5.3 Gill, Skin, and Fin Wet Mounts</p> <p>A9.5.4 Necropsy Approach</p> <p>A9.5.5 Examination In Situ</p> <p>A9.5.6 Organ Evaluation</p> <p>A9.5.7 Organ Wet Mounts and Impression Smears</p> <p>A9.5.8 Sample Storage and Bio-artifacts</p> <p>A9.5.9 Disposal</p> <p>o A9.6 Histology</p> <p>A9.6.1 Fixatives</p> <p>A9.6.2 Samples</p> <p>A9.6.3 Shipping</p> <p>A9.6.4 Processing and Stains</p> <p>A9.6.5 Histopathologic Interpretation</p> <p>o A9.7 Conclusion</p> <p>- Chapter A10 – Anesthesia and Analgesia</p> <p>o A10.1 Introduction</p> <p>o A10.2 Anatomical and Physiological Considerations</p> <p>A10.2.1 Respiratory Systems</p> <p>A10.2.2 Skin and Muscle</p> <p>A10.2.3 Temperature and Metabolism</p> <p>o A10.3 Water Quality Considerations</p> <p>A10.3.1 Dissolved Oxygen and Temperature</p> <p>A10.3.2 pH and Nitrogenous Waste</p> <p>A10.3.3 Ionic Balance</p> <p>o A10.4 Anesthetic Techniques and Drugs</p> <p>A10.4.1 Human Safety</p> <p>A10.4.2 Preanesthetic Preparation</p> <p>A10.4.3 Anesthetic Drug Administration and Agents</p> <p>o A10.5 Monitoring, Support, Recovery, and Resuscitation</p> <p>A10.5.1 Anesthetic Depth</p> <p>A10.5.2 Cardiopulmonary Activity</p> <p>A10.5.3 Water Quality Monitoring</p> <p>A10.5.4 Recovery</p> <p>A10.5.5 Resuscitation</p> <p>o A10.6 Analgesia</p> <p>o A10.7 Euthanasia</p> <p>- Chapter A11 - Surgery and Endoscopy</p> <p>o A11.1 Introduction</p> <p>o A11.2 General Surgical Principles</p> <p>A11.2.1 Preparation of the Patient</p> <p>A11.2.2 Instrumentation and Visualization</p> <p>A11.2.3 Suture</p> <p>A11.2.4 Post-operative Management</p> <p>o A11.3 Surgical Procedures</p> <p>A11.3.1 External Mass Excision/Biopsy</p> <p>A11.3.2 Ophthalmic Surgery</p> <p>A11.3.3 Pseudobranch Ablation</p> <p>A11.3.4 Coeliotomy</p> <p>o A11.4 General Endoscopy Principles</p> <p>A11.4.1 Rigid Endoscopy Instrumentation</p> <p>A11.4.2 Rigid Endoscope Handling and Use</p> <p>A11.4.3 Endosurgery</p> <p>A11.4.4 Flexible Endoscopy</p> <p>o A11.5 Endoscopic Procedures</p> <p>A11.5.1 Gill Endoscopy and Stomatoscopy</p> <p>A11.5.2 Gastroscopy</p> <p>A11.5.3 Cloacoscopy</p> <p>A11.5.4 Coelioscopy</p> <p>A11.5.5 Pneumocystoscopy</p> <p>A11.5.6 Biopsy Sample Handling</p> <p>A11.5.7 Endosurgical Procedures</p> <p>o A11.6 Conclusion</p> <p>- Chapter A12 – Medical Treatment </p> <p>o A12.1 Introduction</p> <p>o A12.2 Environmental Options</p> <p>o A12.3 Routes of Administration</p> <p>A12.3.1 Injectable</p> <p>A12.3.2 Oral</p> <p>A12.3.3 Immersion</p> <p>A12.3.4 Topical</p> <p>A12.3.5 Other Routes</p> <p>o A12.4 Commonly Used Medical Treatments</p> <p>A12.4.1 Antibiotics</p> <p>A12.4.2 Antiparasitics</p> <p>A12.4.3 Antifungals</p> <p>A12.4.4 Antivirals</p> <p>A12.4.5 Anti-inflammatories</p> <p>A12.4.6 Hormones</p> <p>o A12.5 Vaccines</p> <p>o A12.6 Immune Stimulants</p> <p>o A12.7 Critical Care</p> <p>A12.7.1 Resuscitation of a Non-responsive Fish</p> <p>A12.7.2 Fluid Therapy</p> <p>o A12.8 Legislation</p> <p>A12.8.1 International Legislation</p> <p>A12.8.2 Legislation in the United States</p> <p>A12.8.3 Legislation in Europe</p> <p>o A12.9 Conclusion</p> <p>- Chapter A13 - Environmental Considerations of Immersion Medications</p> <p>o A13.1 Introduction</p> <p>o A13.2 Impacts of Water Chemistry on Immersion Medication</p> <p>o A13.3 Effects of Water Clarification and Disinfection on Immersion Medications</p> <p>o A13.4 Effects of Immersion Medications on the Biological Filtration</p> <p>o A13.5 Microbiome Effects</p> <p>o A13.6 Effects on Target and Non-target Species</p> <p>o A13.7 Medication Assays</p> <p>o A13.8 Diving or Swimming in Medicated Water</p> <p>o A13.9 Disposal of Medicated Water</p> <p>A13.9.1 Discharge to Municipal Sanitary Sewer</p> <p>A13.9.2 Discharge to a Natural Body of Water</p> <p>A13.9.3 Return to the Institution’s Water System</p> <p>A13.9.4 Biotic or Abiotic Removal or Destruction of the Medication</p> <p>A13.9.5 Transfer to an Evaporation Pond</p> <p>o A13.10 Record-keeping</p> <p>o A13.11 Specific Drug Examples</p> <p>A13.11.1 Formalin</p> <p>A13.11.2 Trichlorfon or Metrifonate</p> <p>A13.11.3 Praziquantel</p> <p>A13.11.4 Copper Sulfate, Chelated Copper</p> <p>A13.11.5 Chloroquine</p> <p>- Chapter A14 - Acquisition and Transport</p> <p>o A14.1 Introduction</p> <p>o A14.2 Source and Sustainability</p> <p>A14.2.1 Cultured or Previously Wild-Caught Fish</p> <p>A14.2.2 Recently Wild-Caught Fish</p> <p>o A14.3 General Principles of Acquisition and Transport</p> <p>o A14.4 Preparation</p> <p>A14.4.1 Risk Assessment</p> <p>A14.4.2 Pre-shipment Conditioning</p> <p>A14.4.3 Mock Transports</p> <p>A14.4.4 Feeding and Fasting</p> <p>o A14.5 Catch and Handling Recommendations</p> <p>A14.5.1 Aquarium or Pond Bony Fish</p> <p>A14.5.2 Aquarium Cartilaginous Fish</p> <p>A14.5.3 Free-ranging Bony Fish</p> <p>A14.5.4 Free-ranging Cartilaginous Fish</p> <p>o A14.6 Transport Containers</p> <p>A14.6.1 Shipping Bags</p> <p>A14.6.2 Rigid Transport Containers</p> <p>A14.6.3 Additives</p> <p>A14.6.4 Temperature Control</p> <p>A14.6.5 Filtration and Monitoring Systems</p> <p>A14.6.6 Staffing and Medical Intervention</p> <p>o A14.7 Transport Options</p> <p>A14.7.1 By Road</p> <p>A14.7.2 By Air</p> <p>A14.7.3 By Boat</p> <p>A14.7.4 By Parcel Carrier</p> <p>o A14.8 Acclimation on Arrival</p> <p>o A14.9 Legislation</p> <p>o A14.10 Conclusion</p> <p>- Chapter A15 - Quarantine </p> <p>o A15.1 Introduction</p> <p>o A15.2 Critical Components</p> <p>A15.2.1 Acquisition Planning</p> <p>A15.2.2 Isolation and Biosecurity</p> <p>A15.2.3 Environmental Conditions</p> <p>A15.2.4 Close Monitoring</p> <p>A15.2.5 Diagnostics and Treatments</p> <p>A15.2.6 Accurate Records</p> <p>o A15.3 Risk Assessment Approach</p> <p>A15.3.1 Example 1: Quarantine of Koi for an Established Koi Pond</p> <p>A15.3.2 Example 2: Quarantine of Neon Tetras for a New Home Aquarium</p> <p>A15.3.3 Example 3: Quarantine of a Group of Tropical Marine Teleosts for a Display Aquarium</p> <p>A15.3.4 Example 4: Quarantine of Pelagic, Ram-ventilating Shark for a Display Aquarium</p> <p>A15.3.5 Example 5: Quarantine of Tilapia for an Established Tilapia Culture Facility</p> <p>o A15.4 Training and Enrichment</p> <p>o A15.5 ‘Failing’ Quarantine</p> <p>o A15.6 Clearing Quarantine</p> <p>o A15.7 Reviewing Quarantine Results</p> <p>SECTION B Presenting Problems</p> <p>- B1 Acute Mortalities in a Group</p> <p>- B2 Respiratory or Cardiovascular Signs</p> <p>o B2.1 Dyspnea and Tachypnea</p> <p>o B2.2 Gill Pallor</p> <p>- B3 Cutaneous Signs</p> <p>o B3.1 Red/Erosive Skin Lesions</p> <p>o B3.2 White Skin Lesions</p> <p>o B3.3 Dark Skin Lesions</p> <p>o B3.4 Pruritus</p> <p>- B4 Gastrointestinal or Coelomic Signs</p> <p>o B4.1 Inappetence, Weight Loss</p> <p>o B4.2 Coelomic Distension</p> <p>o B4.3 Dental Disease</p> <p>o B4.4 Cloacal/Anal Distension or Prolapse</p> <p>- B5 Musculoskeletal or Neurologic Signs</p> <p>o B5.1 Spinal Deformity</p> <p>o B5.2 External Masses</p> <p>o B5.3 Circling or Spiraling</p> <p>o B5.4 Positive Buoyancy</p> <p>o B5.5 Negative Buoyancy</p> <p>- B6 Ocular Signs</p> <p>o B6.1 Exophthalmos or Buphthalmos</p> <p>o B6.2 Ocular Opacity</p> <p>SECTION C</p> <p>- C1 Non-Infectious Diseases (Environmental)</p> <p>o C1.1 Low Dissolved Oxygen</p> <p>o C1.2 Gas Supersaturation</p> <p>o C1.3 Barotrauma</p> <p>o C1.4 Temperature Stress</p> <p>o C1.5 pH Stress</p> <p>o C1.6 Ammonia Toxicity</p> <p>o C1.7 Nitrite Toxicity</p> <p>o C1.8 Nitrate Toxicity</p> <p>o C1.9 Chlorine and Chloramine Toxicity</p> <p>o C1.10 Heavy Metal Toxicity</p> <p>o C1.11 Hydrogen Sulfide Toxicity</p> <p>o C1.12 Organophosphate and Carbamate Toxicity</p> <p>- C2 Non-Infectious Diseases (Other)</p> <p>o C2.1 Physical Trauma</p> <p>o C2.2 Electrical Trauma</p> <p>o C2.3 Exertional Myopathy</p> <p>o C2.4 Lateral Line Depigmentation </p> <p>o C2.5 Thyroid Hyperplasia (Goiter)</p> <p>o C2.6 Mucometra and Ovarian Cysts</p> <p>o C2.7 Egg Retention or Egg Binding</p> <p>o C2.8 Dystocia</p> <p>o C2.9 Cataracts</p> <p>o C2.10 Lipid Keratopathy (Corneal Lipidosis)</p> <p>o C2.11 Obesity</p> <p>o C2.12 Micronutrient Deficiency</p> <p>o C2.13 Gastrointestinal Foreign Bodies</p> <p>o C2.14 Neoplasia</p> <p>- C3 Viral Diseases</p> <p>o C3.1 Viral Diseases (General)</p> <p>o C3.2 Cyprinid Herpesviruses</p> <p>o C3.3 Ictalurid Herpesviruses</p> <p>o C3.4 Rhabdoviruses</p> <p>o C3.5 Birnaviruses</p> <p>o C3.6 Pox Viruses</p> <p>o C3.7 Lymphocystiviruses</p> <p>o C3.8 Ranaviruses</p> <p>o C3.9 Megalocytiviruses</p> <p>o C3.10 Orthomyxoviruses</p> <p>o C3.11 Betanodaviruses</p> <p>- C4 Bacterial Diseases</p> <p>o C4.1 Bacterial Diseases (General)</p> <p>o C4.2 Aeromonas salmonicida</p> <p>o C4.3 Motile Aeromonad Septicemia</p> <p>o C4.4 Vibriosis</p> <p>o C4.5 Enteric Septicemia of Catfish</p> <p>o C4.6 Edwardsiellosis</p> <p>o C4.7 Columnaris and Flexibacteriosis</p> <p>o C4.8 Flavobacterium psychrophilum</p> <p>o C4.9 Yersiniosis</p> <p>o C4.10 Streptococcosis</p> <p>o C4.11 Renibacterium salmoninarum</p> <p>o C4.12 Mycobacteriosis</p> <p>o C4.13 Nocardiosis</p> <p>o C4.14 Epitheliocystis</p> <p>o C4.15 Francisellosis</p> <p>o C4.16 Piscirickettsiosis</p> <p>- C5 Fungal and Fungal-Like Diseases</p> <p>o C5.1 Oomycota (Saprolegniasis)</p> <p>o C5.2 Exophiala spp.</p> <p>o C5.3 Fusarium spp.</p> <p>o C5.4 Microsporidia</p> <p>o C5.5 Mesomycetozoa (DRIPs)</p> <p>- C6 Protozoal Diseases</p> <p>o C6.1 Ichthyophthirius multifiliis</p> <p>o C6.2 Cryptocaryon irritans</p> <p>o C6.3 Chilodonella spp.</p> <p>o C6.4 Brooklynella spp.</p> <p>o C6.5 Scuticociliates</p> <p>o C6.6 Trichodinids</p> <p>o C6.7 Sessile Ciliates</p> <p>o C6.8 Cryptobia spp.</p> <p>o C6.9 Ichthyobodo spp.</p> <p>o C6.10 Spironucleus and Hexamita spp.</p> <p>o C6.11 Amyloodinium and Piscinoodinium spp.</p> <p>o C6.12 Amoebic Gill Disease</p> <p>- C7 Metazoan Diseases</p> <p>o C7.1 Monogeneans (General)</p> <p>o C7.2 Capsalid Monogeneans</p> <p>o C7.3 Dactylogyrid Monogeneans</p> <p>o C7.4 Gyrodactylid Monogeneans</p> <p>o C7.5 Monocotylid Monogeneans</p> <p>o C7.6 Microbothriid Monogeneans</p> <p>o C7.7 Polyopisthocotyle Monogeneans</p> <p>o C7.8 Digenes (Excluding Blood Flukes)</p> <p>o C7.9 Digenes (Blood Flukes)</p> <p>o C7.10 Turbellaria</p> <p>o C7.11 Cestodes</p> <p>o C7.12 Leeches</p> <p>o C7.13 Ascarid Nematodes</p> <p>o C7.14 Camallanid Nematodes</p> <p>o C7.15 Philometrid Nematodes</p> <p>o C7.16 Anguillicolid Nematodes</p> <p>o C7.17 Trichosomonoidid Nematodes</p> <p>o C7.18 Pentastomids</p> <p>o C7.19 Acanthocephalans</p> <p>o C7.20 Copepods</p> <p>o C7.21 Isopods</p> <p>o C7.22 Branchiurans</p> <p>- C8 Myxozoan and Coccidial Diseases</p> <p>o C8.1 Myxozoan (General)</p> <p>o C8.2 Enteromyxum spp.</p> <p>o C8.3 Henneguya spp.</p> <p>o C8.4 Myxobolus spp.</p> <p>o C8.5 Ceratonova and Ceratomyxa spp.</p> <p>o C8.6 Hoferellus spp.</p> <p>o C8.7 Kudoa spp.</p> <p>o C8.8 Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae</p> <p>o C8.9 Eimeria spp.</p> <p>o C8.10 Cryptosporidium spp.</p> <p>-</p> <p>Appendices</p> <p>o Appendix 1 – Conversions</p> <p>o Appendix 2 – Common Disinfectants</p> <p>o Appendix 3 – Fish Diagnostic Laboratories in the USA, by state</p> <p>o Appendix 4 – Veterinary Training Programs in Aquatic Animal Medicine</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>

“It is new textbook that will quickly become one of the standard references for aquatic and exotic practitioners....The advantage of this textbook is the integration of newly cited literature to an overview of fish medicine that is accessible to any aquatic clinician. It is meant to be a concise clinical guide not an encyclopedic reference. It is also one of the only textbooks that provides a comprehensive perspective for cartilaginous species. The practical organization makes it a user-friendly tool for a busy practitioner.” <b>Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine 40 (2022) 83</b>

<p><b>The editors</b></p><p><b>Catherine Hadfield,</b> MA, VetMB, MRCVS, DACZM, DECZM (Zoo Health Management), is the Senior Veterinarian at the Seattle Aquarium in Seattle, Washington, USA.</p><p><b>Leigh Clayton</b>, DVM, DABVP (Avian Practice and Amphibian and Reptile Practice), eMBA, is the Vice President of Animal Care at the New England Aquarium in Boston, Massachusetts, USA.</p>

<p>Designed as a practical resource, <i>Clinical Guide to Fish Medicine</i> provides an evidence-based approach to the veterinary care of fish. This guide—written and edited by experts in the field—contains essential information on husbandry, diagnostics, and case management of bony and cartilaginous fish.</p><p>This important resource:</p><ul><li>Provides clinically relevant information on topics such as anatomy, water quality, life-support systems, nutrition, behavioral training, clinical examination, clinical pathology, diagnostic imaging, necropsy techniques, anesthesia and analgesia, surgery, medical treatment, and transport</li><li>Describes common presenting problems of fish, including possible differentials and practical approaches</li><li>Reviews key information on non-infectious and infectious diseases of fish in a concise format that is easily accessible in a clinical setting</li></ul><p>Written for veterinarians, biologists, technicians, specialists, and students, <i>Clinical Guide to Fish Medicine</i> offers a comprehensive review of veterinary medicine of fish.</p>

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