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<p>Preface vii</p> <p>Acknowledgements viii</p> <p>Abbreviations ix</p> <p>About the companion website xi</p> <p><b>Part 1 Introduction 1</b></p> <p>1 Homeostasis and the physiology of proteins 2</p> <p>2 Body water compartments and physiological fluids 4</p> <p>3 Cells, membranes and organelles 6</p> <p>4 Membrane transport and ion channels 8</p> <p>5 Biological electricity 10</p> <p>6 Conduction of action potentials 12</p> <p>7 Cell signalling 14</p> <p>8 The autonomic nervous system 16</p> <p>9 Blood 18</p> <p>10 Platelets and haemostasis 20</p> <p>11 Defence: inflammation and immunity 22</p> <p>12 Principles of diffusion and flow 24</p> <p>13 Thermoregulation 26</p> <p>14 Altitude and aerospace physiology 28</p> <p><b>Part 2 Muscles 31</b></p> <p>15 Skeletal muscle and its contraction 32</p> <p>16 Neuromuscular junction and whole muscle contraction 34</p> <p>17 Motor units, recruitment and summation 36</p> <p>18 Cardiac and smooth muscle 38</p> <p><b>Part 3 The cardiovascular system 41</b></p> <p>19 Introduction to the cardiovascular system 42</p> <p>20 The heart 44</p> <p>21 The cardiac cycle 46</p> <p>22 Initiation of the heart beat and excitation–contraction coupling 48</p> <p>23 Control of cardiac output and Starling’s law of the heart 50</p> <p>24 Blood vessels 52</p> <p>25 Control of blood pressure and blood volume 54</p> <p>26 The microcirculation, filtration and lymphatics 56</p> <p>27 Local control of blood flow and specific circulations 58</p> <p><b>Part 4 The respiratory system 61</b></p> <p>28 Introduction to the respiratory system 62</p> <p>29 Lung mechanics 64</p> <p>30 Transport of gases and the gas laws 66</p> <p>31 Carriage of oxygen and carbon dioxide by the blood 68</p> <p>32 Control of breathing 70</p> <p>33 Ventilation–perfusion matching and right to left shunts 72</p> <p><b>Part 5 The renal system 75</b></p> <p>34 Introduction to the renal system 76</p> <p>35 Renal filtration 78</p> <p>36 Reabsorption, secretion and the proximal tubule 80</p> <p>37 The loop of Henle and distal nephron 82</p> <p>38 Regulation of plasma osmolality and fluid volume 84</p> <p>39 Control of acid–base status 86</p> <p><b>Part 6 The gut and metabolism 89</b></p> <p>40 Gastrointestinal tract: overview and the mouth 90</p> <p>41 Oesophagus and stomach 92</p> <p>42 Small intestine 94</p> <p>43 The exocrine pancreas, liver and gallbladder 96</p> <p>44 Large intestine 98</p> <p><b>Part 7 Endocrinology and reproduction 101</b></p> <p>45 Endocrine control 102</p> <p>46 Control of metabolic fuels 104</p> <p>47 The hypothalamus and pituitary gland 106</p> <p>48 Thyroid hormones and metabolic rate 108</p> <p>49 Growth factors 110</p> <p>50 Somatic and skeletal growth 112</p> <p>51 Control of plasma calcium 114</p> <p>52 The adrenal glands and stress 116</p> <p>53 Endocrine control of reproduction 118</p> <p>54 Sexual differentiation and function 120</p> <p>55 Fertilization, pregnancy and parturition 122</p> <p>56 Lactation 124</p> <p><b>Part 8 The sensory and motor systems 127</b></p> <p>57 Introduction to sensory systems 128</p> <p>58 Sensory receptors 130</p> <p>59 Special senses: taste and smell 132</p> <p>60 Special senses: vision 134</p> <p>61 Special senses: hearing and balance 136</p> <p>62 Motor control and the cerebellum 138</p> <p>63 Proprioception and reflexes 140</p> <p>Glossary 142</p> <p>Appendix I Comparison of the properties of skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle 144</p> <p>Appendix II Normal physiological values 145</p> <p>Index 148</p>

<p> Jeremy P. T. Ward<br> Roger W. A. Linden

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